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the well-being of learning and of being taught is a fundamental question that can arise for school teachers. When is this questioning good for teachers. We will analyze the memories of students from 2016 to 2021 in order to highlight the specificities of appropriation of this question of the good for future school teachers. We will compare the pre-health crisis to the research conducted during this crisis. By the methodology of the textometric analysis of memories and by the analysis of the countertransference elements of the teacher-researchers, we will seek to specify the blocking points and the blind zones linked to the anxieties around this notion of the well-being to be learned and to teach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Transference symptom is a hazy notion in Freud's writings. It is presented here as a particular moment in the crystallization of the transference neurosis. It results from a double cathexis of the analytical frame and the analyst, resulting in a symbolic distortion that is represented plastically within the session, as occurs in dreams. A psychic space is thereby opened up for interpreting both the resistance and the unconscious derivatives of infantile conflict. The transference symptom is a compromise formation that includes the analyst and questions the countertransference stance. The concept is compared with enactment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The center of each analysis is the transferential relationship that starts with actions typical of humor and ends with a process of separation between the analysand and the analyst, in other words mourning. If we look at the transference without considering therapeutic knowledge, we can see a relationship that develops between two people, at least one of them being an adult. In this relationship, one of them (the patient) imposes the other (the therapist) various roles, which he has to accept. I am comparing this game to humor, because just as it happens with humor, the patient disregards the characteristics of the object (of the therapist) as a whole, associating negative or non-related characteristics to the person of the therapist, which are nevertheless imposable detrimentally to his overall personality, according to the patient's representtations. When separating from the object we are obliged to differentiate from the object, i.e. de-identify, which we achieve through mourning, but also through humor. In my article I set myself to highlight similarities, as well as the corresponddence between humor and mourning, which are two facets of the symbolization process that operates in the object relationship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

No psychoanalyst can be immune to any theory, whether it is implicit or not. His theories or theoretizations are forgathered in the cure, throughout the analytic process. Useful to his activity, theories shouldn't serve the analyst for "protecting against the experience of affects" (Freud). They shouldn't function as a theoretical layer either. Only the subjectivity of the analyst is the one that allows the avoidance of these traps, bringing countertransference into play. Therefore, besides the plurality of theories, the unit of analytic practice is ensured by the transferencecountertransference relationship. Three clinical vignettes shall illustrate this point of view of the author. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Winnicott invites us, in 1947, to work through the countertransference and thus to have access to the hate feelings that our patients inspire in us. Winnicott is quite clear: the analyst could help his patients recognise their hate drives with one condition: to recognise beforehand in himself his own hate drives, in his own work analysis. To work through the primitive elements, here is an honest deal: to transform your hate in exchange for understanding and the capacity to bear the other's hate. The process of sublimation is in the core of "working through the countertransference" itself. So, what this work is displacing seems to be like "the absence of a direct response to the patient's transference". Winnicott sets forth a contemporary way of thinking the analytic work, because the capacity to bear a negative transference and a negative countertransference is always a very complicated moment to work through in the analytic cures. With the study of Medeea, we found an absolute form of hate - the dis-symbolisant hate. Medeea help us understand how the hate of life drives (represented here by the children) is originated in the hate of oneself. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The concept of “thought transference” has a special position within the psychoanalytic field. It is first an object on the sidelines because it originated in the psychical sciences of the late nineteenth century. It is also an object extracted by psychoanalysis to the darkness of the occultism, Freud considering the thought transference as being its true nucleus. But it is also a foreign body because even if it was apprehended by different authors, it remains poorly integrated into the psychoanalytic corpus. In this review of the literature, we try to show how this concept had first played a heuristic role vis-à-vis the theorizing of transference and countertransference. We then see how it was taken over by successive generations of analysts as well as heated debate it engendered, participating to the division of the field of psychotherapy. Finally, we will bring out the relevance of this concept in terms of clinical and current theoretical issues. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Psychoanalytical theories define transference and countertransference as expressions of unconscious exchange between patient and therapist. The countertransference is the therapist's answer to patient's unconscious requests. Ferenczi and, later, Lacan, change part of the meaning of countertransference, shifting the center of gravity from patient to therapist (Lacan even reverses it): the transference is the patient's answer to the analyst's countertransference). The ethnopsychiatry approaches the countertransference and transference according to the therapist's theory and the patient's internal frame (its attachments from the group of cultural belonging). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper starts from the perspective of H. Racker on the countertransference. The paper is proposing to make the links between his concepts of analytic function and subjective experience, with the concepts of analytic space and analytic time. The author describes a phenomenon of the analysts' internal space and time dilatation, as well as that of the creation of subjective time, as a consequence of the dreaming activity during the session. The balance between countertransference forces is linked to the analysts' capacity of waiting, to the assessment of the quantitative factor, and to the narcissistic dimension of the analyst's transference. The paper is referring here to the concept of "respect", for the characters and the scenes (Ferro) and for the process Winnicott). The author makes a comparison between two clinical vignettes of Beckett, by D. Anzieu. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The somatic continent is an unknown land for psychoanalysis and, for this reason, it is avoided. The patient's expression on this register is frequently ignored by the therapist, even if it refers to the deeper and structuralized levels of his personality. Considering the psychogenesis of the addictive behaviors, the pain subjected of the body symptoms finds his origin into the earliest stages of the psychic development, stages when the words were not yet skills of the psychic elaboration. The anxiety in front of the loss of the addictive or somatic symptoms is more intense because the capacity of psychic elaboration of the Ego risks to be overcome by the psychic movements. Through the signifiers that operate in the analytic space, except thing-representation and word-representation, it is necessary to consider also the affect, the body impression and the act. In the case of an addictive patient, the representation process didn't succeed in gaining the word-representation. Thus, he's utilizing the specific manners of representation and he tries to integrate them in the analytic space. In the transference, the analyst is challenged to recognize them, and he must try to help the patient to verbalize them. The addictive solution is a necessity of a psyché with the capacity of representations in deficit to the extent it finds in itself a response to his needs. The body functions are attributed a symbolic value, the erogenous functions and zones are invested so as to replace the the function of elaboration belonging to the thinking process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, the author tries to illustrate, from a historical point of view, how Freud's urgent desire to take a distance from his initial practice in hypnosis to be able to establish a new psychoanalytical theory and practice, more scientific and out of all kind of suggestive influences, has blocked him to give an adequate value to the countertransference aspects involved in the analyst-analysand relation. Only in his latter writings, "Constructions in analysis", he approaches this issue, even if in an implicit way, underlying the personal countertransference elements existent in the working of the construction of the analyst. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The therapeutic alliance defines the mutual collaboration, a partnership, between the patient and the therapist with the aim of achieving the fixed objectives. This concept originated in psychoanalysis, and gave rise to intense debates. We propose a synthesis of these debates, since the first intuitions of Freud until the concept of intersubjectivity. This allows to update the arguments of a question which is not finally cut, but which finds however a way of expression in the researches concerning the analytical brief therapies. Indeed, the confrontation of idea essentially carried around the fact of knowing if the notion of therapeutic alliance was antinomic of the concept of transference. And if it was not, how it was possible to integrate it into analytical follow-ups (in premises or in complementarity with an analysis of transference movements). The question is not concluded, but if we consider that although it arrives, a certain collaboration is established between the patient and his therapist, then an analysis of this collaboration via the notion of therapeutic alliance is possible and can offer a glance on the relational dynamics independently of the question of the analysis of transference. It is this verse which the current researches around the therapeutic alliance from analytical follow-ups. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

A SPECIFIC SETTING IS USED FOR COMPLEX REQUESTS THAT ARE ADRESSED TO THE TEAM OF MENTAL HEALTH SERVICE "LE CHIEN VERT" IN BRUSSELS. AFTER SEVERAL YEARS OF USE, WE PROPOSE A CRITICAL READING OF THIS APPROACH BY RELYING ON SEVERAL CLINICAL CASES. IT SEEMED THAT THE USE OF THIS SPECIFIC SETTING WENT BEYOND THE SIMPLE GUIDANCE WORK. WE WERE LED TO CLARIFY THE STAKES OF THIS PRACTICE BY RELYING ON PSYCHODYNAMIC REFERENCES (SYSTEMIC AND ANALYTICAL). INDEED, AFTER NOTICING "REPETITION PHENOMENA" WITHIN THE TEAM OCCURRING DURING FOLLOW-UP'S, WE HYPOTHESIZED THAT THE SETTING ALLOWS THE "RECEPTION" OF THE COMPLEXITY OF THESE SITUATIONS IN A TEAM OF SERVICE MENTAL HEALTH. IN THIS CONTEXT, WE WILL DISCUSS AMONG OTHER THINGS THE "WORK OF THE DEMAND", THE PRACTICE WITH SEVERAL PRACTITIONERS WORKING IN A SAME TEAM AND DIFFERENT MODES OF TRANSFERENCE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The setting can be seen as the keeper of the psychoanalyst's ethics. A very banal « agieren », a session displacement covers and then clarifies what was, until that time, a rather obscure aspect of the transference/countertransference relationship. For this purpose, a wellarranged divan and a safe setting enable the "reading" of the touch that the patient and the analyst leave on them. A sequence clearly shows that this setting agreed upon together with the patient must be protected against external and internal attacks. The setting safeguards the analyst and the analysand against any unappropriate, ambiguous, in other words sexual character that may be associated with the action involved in any treatment. Therefore, the partners of the psychoanalytical process are protected against any redoubtable sexualization during the psychoanalytical process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to explore -- by means of contemporary psychoanalytical theories -- the nuances and the sense of silence, of primitive, non-verbal, affective, archaic communication in the psychoanalytical work, with a special focus not only on distinguishing and analyzing the transference/countertransference movements but also on the destiny of the unheard and unsaid in creating psychic sense, as well as on the essential significance in the analyst-analysand relationship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article consists of a discussion on therapeutic indications for psychoanalytic tools (psychoanalysis, psychoanalytically oriented psychotherapy, or individual psychoanalytic psychodrama) during the crisis of adolescence. These types of tools are among the options for treatment, limited by difficulties in the management of transference when a given adolescent is going through a period of lability of pathological manifestations. Preliminary interviews are thus essential for evaluating such an indication, which will be decisive, but will nevertheless remain temporarily dependent on the adolescent's own transferential engagement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: With schizophrenic patients, the use of the pictorial mediation during individual session of psychotherapy makes easier the display of the transferential y counter-transferential relationship. These creations are truly a way to say what the patient is unable to express differently. The use of a media: mediator, mediation, malleable medium, constitutes a first level of symbolization. It is used as an intermediary between nonsense feelings and their elaboration through the speech. In addition, these pictorial productions throw light on the question of ideality in psychosis and on this kind of archaic transference of the narcissistic pathologies. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The clinic of patients, victims of incest in childhood, invites us to question the fate of such psychical trauma and working-through issues offered by psychoanalytical treatments. Differentiation and articulation between the registers of the act and the factual reality, and those of fantasies and psychical reality, are at the heart of the psychoanalytical approach of incest. But, despite the theoretical contributions of Ferenczi on early trauma and because of a misunderstanding of the “abandonment of Neurotica” by Freud, psychoanalysis, until recently, has been accused of ignoring the specific sexual trauma by favouring only the psychical reality. A reassessment of this theory precedes a reflection on various figures of incest worked through in psychoanalytic literature: if the father-daughter incest is considered relatively often, mother-child incest, which is more rare in its genital forms, is nevertheless common on the form of perverted care, and is just as psychologically harmful. The difficulties of counter-transference work under intense transference reactivation show that the psychotherapist is attacked in his mental capacity to contain and associate. The particular destructiveness of incest trauma lies in its attack of the œdipal organization and its structuring value. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Telepathic phenomena within the transference relationship with psychotic patients are regularly described by many authors, well-known serious psychoanalysts; many examples will be proposed. Telepathy was a noted subject of scientific studies between the end of the 19 and the beginning of the 20-century. Many examples got from the author''s clinical experience will show that in the frame of a long-term therapy with psychotic patients, some telepathic-like phenomena can occur. We propose to name “telepathic identification” such moments when the therapist stops to pay attention to his patient''s speech, monopolized by a sudden concern, and when the patient begin to talk about this very concern as if it was one of his own. Many explanatory hypotheses will be developed. The author emphasizes also the possible iatrogenical influence of the therapist''s mental objects, as well his concerns as his theoretical models. At last, the hypothesis of a “telepathic identification” is considered as a manner to avoid being abandoned by the therapist, a mechanism, which originates in the early mother-infant interactions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Pushing aside the strong glare, the blinding meaningfulness, and striving to restore a shadowy area will no doubt be the aim of treatment whenever – as is the case with psychotic patients – meaning, experienced as overwhelming, becomes disembodied and abusive. At that point, classic psychoanalytic treatment implies that the paradigm of transference interpretation be postponed for what may turn out to be a considerable length of time. We therefore have to revise our conceptions of the links not only between what is interpreted and what is not but also between destructiveness, creation and construction. Taking something in does not imply understanding but rather accepting that some part of the self needs to be changed. Initially, accepting the transference and its horrendous power does not have interpretation as its aim, but rather the shaping of the intense flow of the transference without becoming completely lost. The analyst will yield to an immaterial part of him- or herself – perhaps even to a kind of transparency – while waiting for the fragile texture of that web to become stronger. Access to the proximity of the object and to feelings requires a gradual restoring of the flexibility of regression that lies at the very heart of the transference encounter. The road is thereafter open towards a distant interaction with nothingness, sheltered by the founding experience of an indestructible link to the object. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Based on material from psychotherapy with sensory deficient patients (blind or deaf children and adults) this paper analyses subjects’ use of physical space in transference as well as in the elaboration of psychical spaces. Through the psychotherapy of Tom, a blind child, drawing upon Winnicott''s work, we will show how this space, which is at first unapproachable, is progressively assimilated into a shared reality. This space is first experienced as suffering, before being ultimately used creatively and playfully as transitional space. This transformation occurs through the integration of aggressiveness induced by the occupation of this space. Any discontinuity is experienced by the patient as a rupture of the relationship. Furthermore, discontinuity is associated with the elaboration of separations and an increase in the patient''s capacity to distinguish the self from the object. We thus hypothesize that differentiation from the object may pose a particular challenge for sensory deficient patients. The absence of the visual or vocal bond accentuates adhesive identifications (Bick, 1986 ). These pathological identifications can be repeated in transference, where they take the form of the patient''s excessive need for continuous vocal tactile or visual contact. Supported by the therapist, these adhesive identifications can be overcome, and the patient''s access to a three-dimensional world can be facilitated. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

In this paper the author suggests some reflections on a special type of transference resistance in narcissistic patients: mass indifference towards the analyst. Such is the case of Nicholas, who used indifference to combat the fear of breakdown aroused in him by the transference. The state of indifference also served to protect the defensive idealization of the ego. Indifferent to the analyst, the narcissistic ego maintains its distance with the help of imaginary constructions designed to preserve a sense of omnipotent self-sufficiency. In Nicholas's case, these consisted of idealized representations of himself and of what the analysis, and the perfect analyst, should be. Oscillating between the ego ideal and the ideal ego, this kind of defensive idealization reinforces the emotional gap between the analysand and the analysand, shutting out the transference. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: When dealing with children affronted by problems from individuation and primitive suffering, the pediatric psychiatry team has to consider paradigmatic changes in their psychotherapeutic practice. In order to be able to work towards subjective appropriation and firstly towards the internalisation of the presence or absence of the object, it is necessary to focus on psychic process rather than on the contents, and to pay more attention to inter-subjectivity in our counter-transference analysis. In these circumstances, where the borderline problems are crucial, the question of absence, the conflictuality of desire and the relationship are experienced during the interview with the child in the framework before the secondary process findings. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The authors consider liaison psychiatry through the concept of binding in psychopathology. They study the notions of projective identification, pulsional dualism and counter transference analysis. This leads them to describe a three-parts psychic apparatus representation and to distinguish hysteria from hypochondria to which the syndrom of Münchausen by procur is related. Negative but also positive aspects of counter transference are evoked. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The psychotherapy of Sarah, 17 years old, shows the way adolescent transference inquires psychoanalyst''s desire, which in this case is related to the knowledge of origin. Born in South Africa, Sarah has been adopted at the age of one by French parents who suffered the painful loss of their biological child. The therapist has guessed that Sarah possesses unconscious knowledge about her filiations. Thanks to the specific nature of the transferential encounter related to the fact that Sarah has been a child of replacement, the therapist has helped the emergence of rememoration, which allows her to fill in the lost link of her past. In becoming a desiring subject, Sarah manages to get free from the narcissistic burden transmitted by her adoptive parents. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The origins of a creative process dwell within an area of the inform which is absolutely necessary to tolerate from a therapeutic point of view, so that the subject, struggling with delirious productions and loss of boundaries, can progressively give a form to the inner chaos. There lies the aim and meaning of the aesthetic and theatrical course of some symbolic efficiency and to which transferential corporeity gives a frame for development. This article aims at showing a few thoughts on these moments of transition from illusion to reality and from reality to illusion. It is indeed a very singular experience which supposes the existence of an intermediary space, which psychotic mental organizations badly lack but which might nevertheless be (re)created with adequate care, thus building bridges between “imagination” and the process of symbolization, between the “real” and reality. Would these thoroughly provided cares allow the creation of “live aspects” and also the study of the nature of the failure of transitionality in our patients? Finally, can the Freudian “technique”, through the daily live experience, find some translatable analogy from one language to the other? Would psychoanalysis find it difficult to conceive that perceptions, actions and emotions can produce effects “close to the body”? Psychosis and borderline pathologies require such questioning. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: This text, written by Lacan, was for the benefit of physicians whereas the speech given in Rome (which dealt with the same subject) was aimed at trainee analysts. The theories of the Ego were called into question to the benefit of a theory of the Subject. Resistance was to be looked for in the discourse and not in the Ego. For Freud, the Ego, an Ego that is based on the aggressive narcissic relationship, is built like a symptom and not like an objectivized Subject. Nevertheless, the Ego is not to be rejected, as is done by some phenomenologist-psychoanalysts who also reject the subconscious. The role of didactic analysis is to allow the analyst “to recognize symptoms of his ignorance in his own knowledge”. Ignorance not being here a “non-knowledge”. Listening is not directed by knowledge but by practice freed from speech. Hence the expression of “cure phenomena” in the shape of equations and axioms; Lacan was building up the theory of transference, not the theory of the subconscious. He transcribed what he listened to and not what he knew. Lacan''s genius was to have introduced the logic of the signifier in the therapy phenomena at a time when symbolic logic was almost becoming independent from the objects existing in the world, and at the time when syntax and semantics appeared to be independent from the subject, because, at this time, psychoanalysis, which by definition develops from the ordinary language of the patient in a transference situation, was coming close to analytical logic which itself was now concentrating on ordinary language and not on scholarly language. Lacan came close to the Anglo-Saxon analytical philosophy of Bertrand Russell, Frege, Whitehead or Wittgenstein. This is a psychoanalysis which does not go beyond language and logic but where the sense of reality remains vital during the session. Therefore Lacan''s approach to the transmission of psychoanalysis confronts us with the attitude of semioticians who encourage us to leave aside what tempts us most in the practice we are talking about: the “factual experience”. It is of course impossible to set aside painful factual experience in psychiatry and psychotherapy, but we should combine empathy and semiotics in order to tackle the issue efficiently. We have to give life to the mind by the letter and not to the letter by the mind. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Psychotherapy of borderline patients allows us to observe that often, the intense affects, the rage and the lack of good internal objects prevent the mentalization of object relations that are confined to acting-out. Moreover, mentalization deficiency inhibits the experience of relationships with a good object in the transference, which often jeopardizes the continuation of the treatment. It is argued that these dimensions of borderline pathology can be better worked out by closely adjusting therapeutic interventions to the patient''s ability to mentalise psychological experiences, particularly with regards to positive transference. We explain our view that the capacity to mentalise in the transference a relationship with a good object is an indication of structural change. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The psychoanalytical therapy of schizophrenic patients is traditionally based on the development of a positive transference and on an interpreting, holding analytic work. In this paper, we present the case-study of a patient for whom all “making-sense” work became persecuting. We will name this very ambivalent person an “alterno-valent” patient. Within this conflicting transference, only a humoristic approach allowed us to develop a trustful relationship with the patient. We describe the subversive nature of this relationship-humour, which is to take a completely opposite position to the analytical position, but to remain nevertheless attentive and empathic. We show further how this humoristic play serves us to interpret the transference. The humour-concept is assimilated to the Freud''s “Witz”. We refer further to the literature in order to describe the psychotic transference as an oscillating movement between “transference-erotomania” and the “let-down-position”, both also deleterious. We propose the idea that the therapist''s effort to make sense could induce in psychotic patient a psychic disorder who acts first as a defence (against the confusing pointing of the Big Other), second as a guarantee for the permanency of the relationship (the subject''s disorder engage the Big Other in an organizing work). We also use “the concept of “projective identification””-concept, which is considered not only as the projection against bad objects, and also as a mechanism that allows the projection of the working-out abilities. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: This paper deals with the object of psychoanalysis, trying to define the elementary conditions of this object in both practice and theory. The author emphasizes the notion of the object as a lack, and the concepts of repression and transference. He showns how the psychoanalytic conception of the object could enlighten some aspects of the contemporary clinical field. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

From the psychotherapy of a sixteen year old adolescent, we explain the influence of the brotherly relation in the transference. The rivalry conflict constitutes the first step in understanding of narcissistic stakes. The therapist is placed in the big brother’s position, a person who can bring in narcissistic acknowledgement. As a second step, the overtaking of brotherly hate permits, to deal with the parental figures in the therapeutic relation, and notably to treat the father link. The adolescent can pass from a narcissitic position to an object relation, open to sex and generation differences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The crisis surrounding a traumatic event plunges each family member into a turmoil of affects and reactions where the construction and organisation of the family structure are destabilised. Disorientation, regression, depression or irrational behaviours may arise and, as a result, each family member can withdraw into isolation.The children of these families often express their anxieties through loud behaviours in an attention-seeking manner in order to recover the family frame which has lost its original function.Paradoxically, the parents, who normally are the ones to assume this ‘framing function’, are unable to do so as they are momentarily destabilised in their narcissistic structure. What creating an open therapy group for those children means for us is to give them the possibility of coping by building up their own strength in a meaningful way with other children who are somehow in the same situation. With the transference, it gives the children the possibility to express their resentment in verbal attacks to the therapist and the group concerning the dysfunctional family dynamic inasmuch as to protect what is left of the family ties and its members.By facilitating the transference the therapist is aware of how dependent and powerless the child is. The role of the therapist is then to frame the child by setting understanding and supportive limits.It is also the configuration of many nesting layers that tie the child to his family, the therapy group, the group therapists and the consulting physician: their objective being, in their many sessions, to keep the child in touch with reality in an institutional milieu. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]