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Academic publications on Chinese semiotics are less numerous than those on Indo-European semiotics. This article shows the mantic practices in ancient China from the perspective of the semiotic weakening law. The evolution of hieroglyphic signs cannot be studied separately from that of mantic practices. The basic mental categories of Chinese mentality originated in mantic practices and were fixed in hieroglyphic writing. This study is an attempt to unravel the evolutionary peculiarities of Chinese mentality, i.e., how mantic practices evolved into philosophy which, in its turn, crystallized as the ancient canonical text of The Book of Changes. As the current scientific interest to linguo-cultural codes continues to grow, this research provides an insight into the nature of human mind and hieroglyphic signs, as well as promotes effective intercultural communication. The study relied on the principles developed by C. S. Peirce, C. W. Morris, S. G. Proskurin, V. P. Vasiliev, L. S. Vygotsky, Yu. K. Shchutskii, D. N. Keightley, etc. Hieroglyphs associated with fortune-telling practices were subjected to the methods of grapheme and etymological analyses, as well as the methods of description and comparison, to study the connection of mantic and hieroglyphic systems. The mantic system revealed a ternary structure and three stages of weakening, i.e., identity, similarity, and convention. The main links of the process included cracking (primary), interpretation (secondary), and fixation (tertiary). The hieroglyphic system reflected the transformations of mantic practices, which gradually turned into a philosophical tradition of reading trigrams and hexagrams. The correlation between the two systems made it possible to understand how primitive mantic practices had evolved into philosophy.

The number of physiological groups, biodiversity, enzymatic activity and some physiological and biochemical properties of microorganisms isolated from thermal waters and microbial mats of Kamchatka were studied. A low content of microorganisms with a predominance of denitrifying (Verhne-Vilyuchinsky) and nitrifying bacteria (Sredne-Paratunsky springs) was shown. Gram-positive spore- forming rods of the genus Bacillus predominated among the isolated bacteria. The isolated microorganisms had extracellular enzymatic activity and were capable of growing in wide ranges of temperatures, pH and NaCl concentration. Strains of thermophilic bacteria are of interest for biotechnology purposes.

The article presents data on activity in the field of embryo transfer in the Russian horse breeding system and analyzes of the factors influencing the success of the use of this technology. The results of Russian reproductive specialists work over the past 15 years have been collected (144 procedures of embryo recovery in 52 mares). The influence of age and degree of synchronization of ovulations between donors and recipients on the level of embryo recovery and survival rates was analyzed. It has been established that the highest embryo recovery rate is observed in mares of 2- 10 years old (yo) - 84.6%. In mares of 11-16 yo, this figure decreased to 64.3% (p˂ 0.05), and for 17-24 yo mares - to 42.8% (p˂ 0.001). The survival rate of embryos in the uterus of recipient mares of 3-14 yo remains at 70- 71%, in mares of 15-20 yo it sharply decreased to 42.8%. It has been shown that embryo transfer to a recipient whose ovulation occurred 1 day earlier or within a period of up to 5 days after the donor's ovulation provides a survival rate of 79% until the 35th day of pregnancy. When the recipient ovulation occurs 2-4 days earlier than the donor ovulation, the result of embryo transfer was dramatically reduced (7 ,7±7,4%, p˂0.001).

The research goal was to estimate public satisfaction with ambient air quality in an industrial city in Russia and describe certain peculiarities in the perception of related health risks. The resulting estimates were used as grounds for describing urban environmental quality. The empirical base of the research was provided by the results of a social study performed in a Russian city with over a million inhabitants. That city was included into the “Clean air” Federal project. The data were collected by conducting an internet survey (n=544). Having analyzed these data, we detected that public satisfaction with ambient air quality was rather low (not more than 11% of the participants chose the variants “quite satisfied” or “fully satisfied”). Most respondents estimated ambient air quality as being “poor” or “very poor” (giving a 3-score estimate or even lower according to a 7-score scale). They also believed that air pollution produced negative effects on their health. People living in an industrial city tend to have alarmist perception of health risks. These risks seem uncontrollable and involuntary to them. Women are a more risk-sensitive group in comparison with men. These obtained data corroborate a hypothesis about a direct relationship between actual and perceived environmental pollution.

In order to determine the minimum effective drug doses, the levels of decrease in progesterone concentration followed the injections of D and L, D - cloprostenol (the dosage 25 - 250 μg) were compared. The effect of treatment on the reduction of estrus duration and the time before ovulation were studied. It has been shown that the level of progesterone 24 hours after the first injection (at any dose except 50 μg of L, Dcloprostenol) decreased by 76-81%. Complete luteolysis was achieved (0.24-0.45 ng/ml) at any kind of treatment in 72 hours after injection. A significant difference in the average duration of estrus (when using large doses) and the period from injection to ovulation (when using small and large doses) was found between groups of mares that were injected with a follicle diameter of 22-28 or 29-37 mm in both the first and in the second half of diestrus. The study showed that the use of D-cloprostenol once in reduced doses (25 - 50 μg) or D, L-cloprostenol twice 50 μl in the presence of follicles more than 29 mm in diameter will decrease the risk of reducing the duration of estrus.

The aim of the present investigation was to determine the introduction power of the three snap common bean cultivars from the UK in the mountainous zone of Almaty Region in 2023. The harvest-time, plant and leaf growth dynamics, the state of leaf trichomes together with the productivity of snaps at the technical maturity were identified. Cultivars “Amethyst” and “Seline” were shown to be the appropriate snap breeding donors for local bush bean lines due to their parameters of seed germination and plant leaf size together with their trichome parameters resembling those of domestic lines under the study.

Despite infertility is known as a serious medical and social issue, commercial panels for the determination of genetically caused disorders of morphology and motility of spermatozoa are not available in the territory of the Eurasian Economic Union. Electron microscopic examination of spermatozoa (EMIS) represents a promising method that allows to visualize and analyze structural anomalies in spermatozoa at a level which is not accessible by other methods. The study included transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of spermatozoa. Native sperm was diluted and fixed with 2.5% glutaraldehyde. Ultrathin sections were obtained on an UltraCut III microtome. Analysis was performed at magnifications of x4000, x25000. Spermatozoa were analyzed on a JEM-1011 electron microscope at different magnifications to identify the general appearance, axonemal anomalies, chromatin of the nucleus, and mitochondria. EMIS serves as a tool for detailed analysis of the morphology of spermatozoa in patients with asthenozoospermia (AZS) and teratozoospermia (TZS), and their combination. The obtained data provide a basis for more accurate diagnosis and personalized treatment approaches, contributing to increased effectiveness in overcoming infertility.

Sustainable mobility of students includes a set of actions aimed at bringing to a clean ecological lifestyle. This study is devoted to the development of sustainable mobility of students by means of coworking, the influence of this space on the training of future personnel who are able to master new technologies, apply them to solve practical problems, formulate and solve hypotheses, defend their point of view, work in a team, take responsibility not only for themselves, but also for team members. All this is possible only if there are innovative laboratories that stimulate the joint cognitive activity of students by developing the innovative potential of an educational organization by means of coworking, which motivates collaborations. Despite the increasing attention to the role of sustainable mobility used in the transport sector, at the moment there are few publications devoted to its organization and their functioning in the context of an educational organization. There is no comprehensive understanding of its importance as a mobile space for the development and maintenance of innovations in educational institutions with the possibility of developing the younger generation. That is why the innovation laboratory at the Lyceum is a tool for the formation of motivation to learn natural sciences, which allows them to jointly solve tasks within the framework of project activities, developing sustainable mobility for them. The coworking model of work in the lyceum environment not only contributes to the development of sustainable mobility, but also develops key skills in all participants of the educational process, such as self-organization, time management, presentation and communication skills.

The evaluation of reproductive qualities of mares is an important element of horse breeding technology. Histological analysis of the endometrium provides information about the mare’s ability to conceive and carry a pregnancy to term. The article presents the results of histological studies of the endometrium in mares of 3 µm/fov were older than 10 years and had problems with conception and gestation. In our studies, EI in the range from 3 to 6 µm/ufov could be interpreted as reversible state of the endometrium and after correct treatment it is possible to increase the fertility of mares.

The article is devoted to the problem of adaptation of first–year students - future teachers to university education. The concept of «adaptation of students», factors and a set of problems of a first-year student are considered. The analysis of the component of the psychological and social adaptability of orientation in the educational process when studying at a university is presented. The results of the survey and diagnosis are to identify the difficulties experienced by future teachers in the first year of study, in order to create conditions for adaptation to the university format of educational and cognitive activity.

The widespread adoption of the psychology of sustainable development shows that it encourages people to take sustainable actions in their daily lives, as well as how these actions affect their well-being and connection with the environment. This study dedicated to on the importance of a sustainable lifestyle, as well as the thought process underlying our decisions, and how this affects the quality training of future teachers who can be able be responsible not only for their work, but also for the amount of work performed by the whole team. All this is possible only if there are innovative laboratories to stimulate cognitive activity and support the development of the innovative potential of the educational organization itself. Despite the growing attention to the role of coworking in business, there are currently no publications about its organization and functioning within an educational organization. There is no comprehensive understanding of its importance as innovative spaces for the development and maintenance of the innovative space of organizations with the possibility of developing the younger generation. For this reason, the innovative laboratory on the basis of the lyceum (lyceum coworking) is a tool for the formation of motivation for teaching physics, which allows solving problems together in project activities. In particular, the study actualizes the concept of "joint activity" as a necessary component of the functioning of innovation laboratories.

The professional training of subject teachers should be aimed at developing professional competencies that will allow them to be successful in their field, to be professionals, ready for change, and be able to adapt to various situations. A significant element of professional training at a university is pedagogical practice, during which the student performs the subject teacher functions. However, students in practice often face such difficulties as organizing their activities and the activities of students in the lesson, allocating time to the lesson stages and observing the time schedule, selecting didactic materials, evaluating outcomes of students’ activities, solving unexpected pedagogical situations, and others. Particular attention should be paid to the psychological readiness of the future mathematics teacher to work at school. Therefore, it is essential to prepare students methodically and psychologically for the implementation of primary professional activities in teaching practice. This can make it feasible to carry out methodological practice, which is a transitional stage between educational and industrial practice. The issue of organizing methodological practice is currently new. Based on the literature analysis and the experience of organizing and managing practices, the paper proposes a model of methodological practice, which is aimed at applying active teaching methods to prepare future mathematics teachers for the main activity in teaching practice, namely, preparing and conducting lessons. The model includes seven stages with tasks, describing active learning methods and student activities.

Contradictory phenomena in family and marriage relations, in relation to family and children in modern society, have, among other things, a territorial and settlement aspect. The overwhelming majority of respondents (residents of different territorial settlement structures) recognize the family as hope and support in life. Residents of villages and small towns show higher ratings of the family (its significance, value); residents of the megalopolis show noticeably less high ratings of the family. The differences in the assessments of the family among different social groups suggest the need to search for special approaches in socio-economic, socio-cultural, and demographic policy in relation to the development of different territorial settlement structures. The study of people's needs in the family variant of living and the search for options for social planning and management, taking into account the needs of family collectives, can be considered a promising area of scientific research and practical municipal and regional management.

This paper considers the possibility to use various fillings – smoked chicken breast fillet, lightly salted salmon with cottage cheese, imitation crab meat and mayonnaise in the manufacture of rice balls named “onigiri”, using porphyry algae, and their effect on the quality indicators of the samples obtained. To achieve this goal, the samples of onigiri rice balls prepared with the introduction of various types of fillings were studied. In the Japanese cuisine recipe of the classic rice ball instead of lightly salted salmon, which was a control sample, smoked chicken fillet was introduced - sample 1, imitation crab meat surimi and mayonnaise - sample 2, lightly salted salmon with cottage cheese - sample 3. An organoleptic assessment of the quality indicators of the rice sandwich showed that sample No. 3 with a filling of lightly salted salmon and cottage cheese turned out to be the best. According to the results of the experiment, it can be concluded that the introduction of such a prescription component as imitation of crab meat and mayonnaise into the recipe not only improves organoleptic requirements, but also enriches the result product with the microelement iron.

Freshwater systems are a major component of the terrestrial Arctic and are particularly sensitive to climatic and other environmental changes. Recent efforts have focussed on synthesizing and identifying gaps in the current understanding of Arctic freshwater systems. We aimed to identify research priorities for Arctic freshwater science from the perspective of early-career researchers, given their leading role as the next generation of scientists tasked with addressing these research areas. Using a discussion session and an online survey of early-career researchers, we identified five priority topics: (1) establishment of long-term monitoring sites across the Arctic, (2) improved understanding of the implications of permafrost thawing for biogeochemistry of Arctic rivers and lakes, (3) better model predictions of changes in freshwater systems and better integration with the wider modelling community, (4) improved estimates of environmental thresholds and tipping points within Arctic freshwater ecosystems, and (5) the need for community-based monitoring and assessment. These five topics underline the importance of interdisciplinary research and the necessity of developing large-scale environmental monitoring programs and data repositories. Such developments will facilitate long-term understanding of the impact of climate variability upon Arctic freshwater systems and will promote knowledge exchange between local and scientific communities.

Fungal species were isolated from samples of damaged sunflower. The strains selected on the basis of cultural and morphological characteristics belonged to the species Alternaria alternata, Alternaria tennus and Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium solan, and fungal strains were identified, as well as fungal strains, and fungal strains 67, termites, termarium, oxolbate 10, oxoliban 10 - to termites, oxolbate 10 - to termites, oxolbate 10.9%.

Layered double hydroxide containing Ni3+ (Mg/AlNi-LDH) was successfully synthesized by co-precipitation in an oxidizing media. The resulted product was characterized using X-ray diffraction, wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry. The activity of Mg/AlNi-LDH in the process of photodegradation of Congo red dye using UV light irradiation was evaluated. The initial rate of photodegradation of the dye in the presence of LDH is 1.6 times higher than that of UV irradiated solution. The kinetic data obtained for photodegradation process can be adequately described by pseudo-first-order kinetic model. The presence of Mg/AlNi – LDH leads to increased photodegradation yield compared to destruction only by UV irradiation.

The National Healthcare Project, which has been implemented in our country since 2019, includes eight federal projects aimed at developing individual elements of the industry. The federal project "Providing medical organizations of the healthcare system with qualified personnel" is the connecting link of all eight projects. It involves the elimination of the shortage of doctors and nurses in polyclinics, the staffing of medical workers by 95% and an increase in the number of doctors by 10% by the end of 2024. Without a sufficient number of specialists in the industry, its effective work is impossible. The surge in the incidence of coronavirus infection has become another challenge for the healthcare industry and exacerbated the problem of staff shortages. To solve the personnel problem, first of all, it is necessary to understand the reasons for the imbalance, to understand the incentives of young people who have just come to receive education and in the labor motives and doctors already working in the industry, to know the reasons that force them to leave the profession. The article presents the results of a study of factors-motivators of medical students, as well as medical workers.

The article presents a study of the influence of the specifics of the formation of the motivational sphere of undergraduate students on their readiness and ability to perform their labor functions for obtaining a quality education. High-quality education is the basis for a decent life and sustainable personal and social development, which contributes to changing the labor market in all countries of the world, blurring the boundaries between the physical, digital, and psychological and biological spheres. The study of this topic is extremely important for Russia, which seeks to overcome the negative consequences on the labor market and lag behind global trends in development through the implementation of the strategy 2016-2030. As a result of the work, a cluster of pedagogical technologies “UnInd of motivations” was created, which has wide opportunities and allows to implement the educational process in a new way in the modern conditions of the university, namely: to create conditions for improving the training of a university student, increasing the motivation of learning by solving case problems of a practice-oriented nature, to create conditions for further self-improvement in the professional sphere.

This article presents data on the study of the fauna of Plecoptera watercourses in Uzbekistan. On the basis of original collections of larvae/nymphs and adults of stoneflies and data from literary sources, a revision of the fauna of stoneflies of Uzbekistan was carried out, which currently numbers 48 species belonging to 19 genera and 7 families. Among them, endemic species were identified, first identified for Central Asia and for Uzbekistan.

The article uncovers the key provisions of the moral education concept, formulated in the framework of Russian neo-Kantianism at the turn of the 19th-20th centuries but still remaining a poorly studied topic. Conducting historical-philosophical and comparative analysis, the authors reveal common intentions in the pedagogical ideas of Russian philosophers, which were based on rethinking the system of critical idealism of I. Kant and the methodology of German neo-Kantianism. Special attention is paid to the concept of moral education of S.I. Hessen, the theory of upbringing of A.V. Veideman, and the psychological pedagogy of M.M. Rubinstein. The article defines the key concepts and categories of Russian neo-Kantian pedagogy and methodological foundations, in particular, the teleological basis of the teaching and upbringing theory is revealed from the variety of author’s and original ideas. The consistent uncovering and comparison of the pedagogical studies of Russian neo-Kantians allow revealing the general intention of their standpoints – focusing on the correlation of freedom and responsibility in the context of creating conditions for moral education. As a result, consideration of forming individual responsibility in the discourse of the correlation of arbitrariness and freedom is becoming the distinctive feature of the entire trend of Russian neo-Kantianism. The relevance of the study of this topic is due to the increasing need at present to identify the fundamental grounds for forming morality and responsibility in the continuity of the education, self-discipline, and training processes.

The article is devoted to the author’s approach to the formation of indicators of the sustainability of the economy of organizations. The developed approach holds the attention focused on its classical understanding, modified for the modern entrepreneurial era, based on the environment of organizations’ activities, a term of internal (interpolation) and external (extrapolation) factors that form their costs, determine the financial result and its efficiency, on which the prospective financial benefit. The study considered the selected resulting and factor indicators of the sustainability of the economy of organizations: the efficiency and cost of activities, changes in their results and costs under the influence of qualitative (profitability, profitability, expense) and quantitative (income, profit, costs) parameters of activity in dynamics. The construction of these dependencies between the selected combination of the resulting and factor indicators of the stability of the economy of organizations is carried out through the union of differentiated by types of additive, multiplicative and multiple interactions of intermediate (factor) values with the final (resulting) values. The combination of all types of dependencies that form a common system of the studied indicators will provide organizations with an accurate assessment of the analyzed final values and ranking pursuant to the degree of significance of the values of the intermediate group and the adoption of objective measures to optimize the sustainability of their economies. The material will benefit entrepreneurs of all spheres and industries, carrying out their activities under the current economic mechanism, education and science workers, students in economic areas.

The article considers sucrose crystallization as a mass transfer process, which is a phase transition from a liquid phase to a solid phase, and includes two main stages: the formation of crystallization centers and the growth of crystals to the desired size. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the development of existing theoretical and practical ideas about the formation of centers of crystallization of sucrose and their growth in the massecuite mass, the analysis of the main factors affecting this process. On the basis of the studies obtained, a method has been developed to improve the efficiency of the technology for boiling the massecuite of the first crystallization, which refers to the methods of boiling the massecuite I crystallization with intermediate centrifugation of the massecuite. A feature of the method is the formation of crystallization centers in the massecuite by their spontaneous formation. The analysis of the obtained research results showed that the work on the proposed method makes it possible to increase the efficiency of boiling massecuite I crystallization, to ensure an increase in the yield and quality of crystalline white sugar.

The purpose of the research is to justify the influence of the public awareness factor on the effectiveness of state and legal policy in the fight against epidemics in 19th century Russia. The methodology of the research consisted of dialectical method of knowledge, problem-chronological, structural and functional, comparative-legal, formal-legal and biographical methods. The scientific novelty lies in the author’s classification of organizational and legal measures aimed at combating epidemics. The state, showing concern for the protection of public health, has established a set of legal measures aimed at ensuring sanitary-epidemic safety. These measures should be classified into three groups: sanitary and prohibition measures, which were entrusted to the local authorities with the function of police surveillance; information and prevention and suppression of the spread of epidemic diseases; measures related to quarantine institutions and quarantine measures within the empire. The research reveals the evolution of special, service competencies of the authorities and administration related to the protection of life and health of the population. Awareness as a legal category, aimed at the adequate perception of the state-legal measures related to life safety, all participants in legal relations. In this context, public awareness acted as an important component of the state-legal policy of Russia in the fight against epidemics, contributing to the formation of national legal consciousness and legal culture of subjects. The conclusion is made that the state's power in its activities to ensure public safety acted taking into account the needs of the entire society, guaranteeing the protection of health and life not only to the privileged classes.

The purpose of the research is to show the self-sufficiency of agricultural law as a branch of law and the need to refer agricultural legislation to the subjects of joint jurisdiction of the Russian Federation and its constituent territories at the constitutional level. During the research, emphasis was placed on legal comparative studies; applied were historical-legal, comparative-legal, formal-legal and other general and special methods of the scientific knowledge. The paper resulted in conclusions from the analysis of the historical and legal development of the policy management of agricultural relations in Russia; the identified features of the constitutional regulation of agricultural relations in foreign countries, as well as the designation of the subject of legal regulation of agricultural law and the specifics of the creation of a regulatory framework in the agricultural sector in the Russian Federation. The novelty of the work lies in the conclusion about the relationship between the separation of agricultural legislation at the constitutional level into a separate industry and the effectiveness of the state’s agricultural policy at the federal and regional levels.

Soy is a cultivated herb that is high in vitamins, minerals, and other elements that provide many health benefits. The main reason why this product is valued is complete proteins, which are almost as nutritious as animal proteins. The problem of this study is that the market for soy products represents a large assortment of products; however, products with no lactose are produced insufficiently and in limited quantities. In connection with the presence of certain problems in this industry, the purpose of the study was the technology of developing dry soy milk with the addition of coconut powder, which makes it possible to expand the range of products that meet the needs of the population. Therefore, a technological line for the production of powdered soy milk with additives is proposed, consisting of the main operations: preparation of raw materials for further processing, drying and peeling of soybeans, grinding, adding components, dosing powders, mixing, filling, and packaging the finished product. The obtained results show that during the storage of dry soy milk with the addition of coconut powder and a food additive, its flowability does not change.

One of the factors that negatively affect psychological readiness for the profession of a teacher is emotional stress. The article examines the definition and approaches to the description of stress, proves the relevance of the problem of teaching students training to become teachers the methods and ways of preventing and correcting stress, improving stress resistance, and preventing emotional burnout in professional activity, the methods of emotional stress prevention are analyzed. The purpose of the article is to study the method of sound therapy (neuroacoustics) and to analyze the effect of a neuroacoustic program in increasing stress resistance in students – future teachers. To test the hypothesis on the influence of neuroacoustic program on the increase of stress tolerance in students training to become teachers, the authors conduct a study using the Perceived Stress Scale by S. Cohen and G. Williamson at the ascertaining and control stages and deploying the developed neuroacoustic program at the formative stage. The conducted study allows to determine and prove that the mastery of neuroacoustic methods increases stress resistance in students training to become teachers. Constant overload, disruptive student behavior, and increased demands are the causes of emotional stress in teachers. The presented method teaches future specialists to cope with stress factors in professional pedagogical activity, allows them to resist emotional and professional burnout, and thereby creates optimal conditions for psychological readiness for the profession of a teacher. The technique can be used in organizations of secondary and higher education.

The article presents the result of a study on overcoming risks in the formation of ecological culture among undergraduate students of a pedagogical university. Their readiness and ability to lead an ecological lifestyle and understanding of the essence of sustainable development and environmental policy of Russia, as well as their organization of their professional activities in the formation of the ecological worldview of schoolchildren. It is high-quality education and ecological consciousness that are the basis for sustainable personal and social development, which affects the formation of the ecological culture of all members of society. Therefore, ecological culture is the basis of activities to overcome complex environmental problems (both global and regional) and prevent their occurrence in the future. The study of ways and methods of overcoming risks in the formation of ecological culture is extremely important for Russia. Russia is striving to overcome the negative environmental consequences and to raise people with their professional activities who implement the ideas of sustainable development in life. One of the ways identified by the authors of the study is the organization of work of undergraduate students with online platforms: Stepik, Skillbox, GeekBrains, Coursera, Udemy. Open education is represented by electronic resources functioning at the pedagogical university that form an ecological culture. The article presents the results of a survey to identify the state of environmental culture among students of a pedagogical university and students of schools, leading to the conclusion that it is necessary to involve the ideas of “green” universities in the practice of teaching the younger generation. This will allow us to overcome risks in the formation of ecological culture in a new way in modern conditions of pedagogical universities. It will also contribute to improving the quality of life of the population in the conditions of sustainable development of society. The authors of the article associate the overcoming of most risks in the formation of environmental culture with the creation of conditions for improving the environmental training of a university student. To increase students ‘ motivation to study by means of solving research environmental-oriented tasks of a professionally applied orientation, the introduction of mathematical methods in solving environmental problems. Students develop mini-projects on environmental topics, prepare course and final qualifying works with environmental content, develop the content of educational practices. This allows you to simulate the professional activity of a teacher on the formation of ecological culture among students of schools, the participation of students in the All-Russian ecological quest «Share with us».

River feed and flow regime in the Anadyr lowland remain stable with significant interannual fluctuations in the amount of summer precipitation (70-180 mm). The lack of summer precipitation is compensated by the suprapermafrost groundwater of the active layer, which is formed by meltwater from seasonal underground ice. In July 2019, complex permafrost-hydrological studies were conducted in the Ugolnaya-Dionisia river basin (Chukotka, Russia) to determine the patterns of formation and dynamics of underground and surface runoff. Seasonal active layer groundwater storage that formed as a result of the melting of seasonal ice was estimated. The territory was classified according to the unite discharge, potential and established water sources. Patterns and factors of seasonal and daily dynamics of the river regime are revealed.

Modern challenges, environmental risks and economic uncertainties in the field of natural resource management in the Urals and Western Siberia are considered. Information relating to the regional changes in the soil surface (air) temperature, the state of the cryolitic zone of the forest and swamp ecosystems, and extreme uncertainties is presented.

Hydrodynamic conditions in a tidal estuary are very complex and depend on a wide range of factors. This was also demonstrated in the previous studies for the estuary of the Onega River, which were primarily based on the analysis of field measurements. In this paper, the results of numerical modelling performed using 1D and 2DH/3D «shallow water» approaches are presented, for summer and winter hydrological conditions in the Onega River estuary. The models were built and calibrated using extensive field data, which allowed assessing the opportunities to model the temporal and spatial variability of water levels, discharges, and velocities in a dynamic environment of a tidal estuary.

The article describes its own methodology for determining indicators, based on the analysis of standard and specific indicators for the enterprises of fuel and energy complex. The article is devoted to the consideration of modern approaches to the definition of the concept “production and technological potential of organizations of the fuel and energy complex of the Russian Federation”. The article touches upon some topical issues of effective management of the use and development of the TEC enterprise production potential. The study uses several approaches: generalization, systematization, formalization, logical, formal methods, as well as comparative analysis methods to study modern approaches to the definition of the studied concept. The tasks considered in the article are theoretical. The economic content of the concept of production and technological potential of the fuel and energy complex and the production system is disclosed. The article presents current economic content of the concept of production and technological potential of energy companies based on a review of modern approaches to the definition of this concept, as well as indicators for the implementation of the production system.

The forest lands of industrial areas as an object of system monitoring and comprehensive assessment in modern conditions are represented in the form of natural objects, as a part of the ecological environment, as a subject of legal regulation of the land and forest relations.

In the permafrost regions, where water filtration zone is limited by the shallow active layer, the surface flow forms a network of hollows, called «water tracks», oriented along the slope gradient. Water tracks are clearly distinguished on satellite images, but poorly defined in the field. The pattern of the water tracks network depends on geomorphological position, permafrost and geological conditions and dominant cryogenic processes. Surface flow could occur in the water tracks during the snowmelt and heavy rains, when the soil is entirely frozen or fully saturated by water. In dry periods, the water tracks form retention zones due to low filtration rates and significant capacity of thawed soil beneath the troughs. Our study of water tracks in the north-western Yakutia showed the changes of their morphology from upstream towards downstream. The water levels in the water tracks have a pronounced diurnal course in reverse phase to the water temperature variation. They are related to diurnal ground thawing dynamics. Hydrology of water tracks depends on the peat thickness, active layer properties and lithology. Water tracks formed by rubble rocks respond to a storm event with rapidly increasing water level. The deeper thawing layer, the smoother water levels rise and decrease.

Following scientific myths, which are widely spread in hydrology and in other earth sciences, are discussed. (1) The total water mass on land surface statistically significantly diminishes during last century. (2) Many time series of annual river runoff demonstrate nonstationary character. (3) The first-order Markov chain is a dominating model in the stochastic description of the long time series of annual runoff. (4) Because of the global heating, annual discharges of the northern rivers will inevitably grow during the 21st century. (5) The main contribution to uncertainty of the forecast of the runoff through the end of the 21st century is made by uncertainty in scenarios of emission of greenhouse gases and divergences in results of modeling of the climatic system by GCMs. (6) The most shocking myth: the idea of the deterministic positive trend within the mean global temperature during last 100 years.

The use of new generation wires in the design of wide spans of overhead power lines over water barriers and large gorges can increase their transmission capacity and increase reliability. However, when large currents flow, load losses in line also increase. Thus, it is necessary to obtain a methodology for technical and economic comparison of design options for overhead power lines over large crossings, which enables to determine the most cost-effective version of the project with high mechanical reliability. For comparative analysis, five options for wide spans of overhead power lines over the river with new-generation wires of Russian production were compiled: Aluminium Alloy Conductor Steel Reinforced, Z-type (high conductivity), Thermal-Resistant Conductor, Aluminium Compozite Core Conductor, ASk2y. Option with Aluminium Conductor Steel Reinforced wire was taken as the source. For the first option, the crossing scheme E-A-A-E was selected, for the remaining options E-I-I-E scheme was considered. For the modes of maximum loads, minimum temperature and average annual conditions, the mechanical calculation of wires was carried out using the method of permissible stresses. The wire bending deflections were determined in accordance with the theory of the catenary curve. The method of integrated indicators was used to perform a technical and economic comparison of these options. The calculation results showed that among the proposed options, the most optimal is a crossing with the ACCC wire having minimum relative investment per 1 MW of transmitted electricity and minimal power loss. The transmission capacity of the line with this wire is increased by 1.8 times, and the cost of crossing is reduced by 16%. Due to the compact design of wire, the probability of ice formation on wire is reduced, and the reduced bending deflection reduces the probability of wire break due to natural environmental influences.

The study aims at the analysis of the long-term hydrometeorological data and hydrological modelling at the small permafrost Shestakovka river basin. The basin has postponed reaction to precipitation on different time scales from days to years. Annual, seasonal and monthly streamflow has higher correlation with precipitation sum for corresponding and antecedent time intervals than for the corresponding period only. It suggests importance of water storage and slow water release in the runoff generation that could be related to the suprapermafrost talik aquifers found in the river basin. A spatially distributed physically-based ECOMAG model was applied to the Shestakovka River basin. Evaluation of the simulated river runoff, soil moisture and snow water equivalent was carried out over a period 1990-2014. Obtained NSE 0.59 and BIAS 3% could be considered as satisfactory modelling results taking into account high inter annual and seasonal observed streamflow variability under much less variable meteorological conditions. Better understanding and modelling of the complex interactions between permafrost and hydrological processes is important for development of reliable flood forecasts and long-term future projections under changing climate and growing economical interests to cold regions.

This article presents the results of an experiment on creating an electronic textbook for universities and programs of additional professional education using virtual and augmented reality technologies and evaluating the results of testing the textbook on the basis of the State University of Management. The topic of the electronic textbook concerns the organization of the security service of accommodation facilities. The authors provide a description of the electronic textbook, its structure, main interactive elements, the progress of work, talk about the difficulties that they encountered. The working group on the creation of the textbook included methodologists, psychologists, specialists from the security services of Moscow hotels and specialists in information technology. Teams of key developers - the State University of Management, the Lotte group of companies, the LLC ITRON limited liability company, and the Rusays Publishing House - worked in partnership. Conclusions are made about the possibilities of using virtual and augmented reality technologies in educational activities. Augmented reality technology is used to create a mobile application that displays educational materials with reference to real-life objects according to special markers. This technology allows you to make the textbook unique for a specific object (office, building, structure, landscape). The results of the training using an electronic participant are presented. The peculiarities of the psychological perception of educational material and the effectiveness of the new format of presentation of the educational environment are noted.

The article considers the role of land reclamation in the development of modern Russian agriculture, defines its role in the development of the domestic land reclamation industry of state regulation. The implementation of the state policy for the maintenance and development of the reclamation industry in the Samara region from 2015 to the present is analyzed. The preliminary results of its implementation are summarized. The material, technical and regulatory framework for the further development of land reclamation in the region is determined.

Determination of reserves of generating capacity is one of the main tasks in planning the future development of electric power systems. There are many problems that affect the rational level of redundancy of generating capacities in Russian power industry. Modern changes in the Russian electric power industry concerning the level of redundancy of generating capacity in the long-term planning of the development of the Unified Power System (UPS) of Russia are analyzed in the article. The optimization problem of determining the necessary reserves of generating capacity in the power system, based on the assessment of adequacy, taking into account the modern features of the development of the UPS of Russia is presented. The results of assessing the adequacy of the UPS of Russia at the level of 2022 and the value of the optimized reserves of generating capacity in the UPS of Russia are showed in the final part.

Optical and photoelectric properties of poly (ohydroxyamide) (PHA) sensitized with zinc phthalocyanines were investigated in the visible and near infrared spectral regions. The structures were deposited on glass substrates by centrifugation and subsequent drying of a PHA film without thermal annealing. Optical spectra revealed characteristic absorption peaks of phthalocyanine in the longer wavelength region at 620-640 nm and 680-700 nm; absorption of the PHA matrix monotonously increases to the shorter wavelengths starting from 700 nm. Measurements of the photocurrent under irradiation with a high-power LED at a wavelength 630 nm showed photoconductivity related to the organic dye; photoconductivity also was observed while irradiated at 540 nm, presumably due to the absorption of PHA matrix. For non-sensitized (dye-free) PHA films no detectable photocurrents were produced by 630 nm irradiation. It was shown that introducing of phthalocyanines significantly improves optical absorption and photoconductivity of PHA thin films at the wavelengths, where the maximum in the spectral distribution of solar radiation lies. It was concluded that phthalocyanine-sensitized PHA has the potential use as a photosensitive organic material for solar applications, for example in developing composite organicinorganic structures with ferroelectrics.

The paper offers a situational overview of small business as a driver of economic growth in Russia during the 2020 crisis and the main aspects of current state policy on market-based support of that sector. The analysis also highlights major barriers that have arisen lately impeding the efficiency of governmental efforts to support small business. However, new aspects stimulating business development in market economy emerge together with the obstacles.

When studying the development of the modern consumer market in Russia, a large number of low-quality goods and services remains constant. All this is fixed, despite the significant amount of domestic and international standards of the market system of accreditation and certification of the production processes of goods and services that are used in our country. It casts doubt on the feasibility of using quality management systems in Russia based on ISO 9000 due to their low efficiency. This requires the creation of a more advanced quality management system and the introduction into everyday practice of an effective mechanism that excludes the possibility of low-quality goods and services appearing on the markets. Based on systematic analysis of the reviewed literature the paper shows that organizations are not interested in providing consumer goods with the required quality, and the costumer himself cannot get an objective view of the real quality of the goods or services offered to him. The paper shows the need to create equal information conditions for all market participants from producer to consumer to optimize quality management systems. In conditions of the transition to digital economy concepts, the economic practice proves the effectiveness of the “Distributed registry” technology application. The possibility of falsifying information is extremely difficult. It is the basis for solving the problem of reducing transaction costs and, as a consequence, the management mechanism formation within the quality management systems.

This paper looks at the current issues of raising the quality of work in businesses of the service sector including to construction and transport. Options for classifying businesses of this sector are given, as well as a classification by the author. The peculiarities of work in these businesses are examined, along with the peculiarities of their work in the Northwestern District. The advantages of introducing quality management systems into these businesses are given. Furthermore, the interpretation of quality management principles as applied to the service industries and construction are looked at.

Structural features of a lake talik associated with eolian relief are discussed. Analysis of hydrochemical and hydrological data for 2010-2017 showed that talik groundwater feeds lake and maintains perennial outflow from the lake. Variations in the chemical composition of the lake and outflowing creek are characterized on an annual and interannual basis. Seasonal comparison of hydrochemical data indicates a downward trend in dissolved-solids content of the lake water over the last six years, suggesting an increasing contribution of suprapermafrost groundwater to the lake and lake talik. Probable reason of enhanced suprapermafrost flow is increase of its duration due to observed rise of winter air temperature.

A small number of ecological-trophic groups of bacteria are noted in saline groundwater’s (30-50 g/L). The obtained data show, that thionic and halophilic forms of saprophytic bacteria dominated, developing in presence of 10% NaCl. Among saprophytic microorganisms, rod-shaped forms of the genus Microbacterium sp. significantly dominated. A significant accumulation of Cu, Co and light REEs by brine microbial communities is shown.