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The stage of the end of the Cold War cases of interference and wide in a number of countries, by America and its allies under the headings of and justification for humanitarian and political, to the extent of direct occupation of the States and change their systems by force, so in the framework of these interventions have been monitoring a new kind of intervention we call "interference occupation", which we tried in this research discussed a case new intervention, and the possibility of his proposal as a "term" and "concept" in the framework of international law and practice has been justified and the justification in the framework of international legitimacy and the international organization, which Benita on the principles of rejects all kinds of occupation and use of force among the people law international, in order to provide an approach of knowledge, legal and specific definition of the situation, and the extent of its legitimacy, by focusing on specific cases of this new type of intervention that exceeded the limits of intervention allowed in international law, the implementation of the occupation of physical states and drop entities and systems, as happened in Afghanistan, Iraq and Libya and possibly in other countries, a possible fractal.

Specialized Escherichia coli (E. coli) isolates, called uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC), cause most of urinary tract infections (UITs). Once bacteria reached the urinary tract of the host, they have to adhere to the host cell for the colonization. For this purpose, bacteria have different structures including fimbrial adhesins. Most of the UPECs contain type 1 fimbriae encoded by fim operon (fimB, E, A, I, C, D, F, G, H) which is responsible for the adhesive ability in these isolates. Ninety-four isolates of UPEC were obtained from UTI patients in Baghdad hospitals and their diagnosis were confirmed by the PCR method using 16srDNA as a housekeeping gene. The UPEC isolates were tested for their ability of adherence to the urothelial cells obtained from the mid-stream urine from healthy women. Fifty isolates were subjected to detect type1 fimbriae genes (fimA operon) using specific primers followed by sequencing the amplified fragment which they were analyzed by Geneious software. The results confirm that all the isolates were E. coli according to the genetic analysis by the PCR test, and also, the ability of attachment for all isolates were approved (100%).For type 1 fimbriae, the findings figured out that 100% of the isolates harbored fimA,fimI, fimC, fimD, fimG and fimH genes; while 96% of them were positive for fimB, fimF,and 82% of the isolates were positive for fimE. This result exhibited a higher prevalence of fim genes, as the attachment ability was 100%. Approximately, all UPEC have type 1fimbrial genes, so it could be used as a genetic marker in the investigation of E. coli adhesion ability.

Concrete is a major concern for engineers because of its extensive use in the building sector. The production of concrete also uses a lot of materials all around the world. However, the price of energy, the expansion of manufacturing capacity, and environmental concerns are three of the most crucial factors to consider in the concrete industry, considering the fast urbanisation and modern market. Because of issues with pollution and the high price and low availability of sand and cement, the current research focuses on employing marble powder as a cement substitute and iron ore as a sand substitute. The commercial by-products of producing and polishing granite powder, waste iron powder (WIP) and waste marble powder (WMP), are mainly wasted and pose a threat to human health. Substituted with marble powder (5% and 10%) for the cement and iron powder (30%, 40%, and 50%) for the fine aggregate. The results were based on the material's compressive strength, flexural strength, and workability. The highest compressive and flexural strengths were achieved when 10% of the cement was replaced with marble powder and 50% of the iron ore was replaced with sand. According to the results, the strength qualities of concrete might be enhanced by using less marble and more iron ore. From both a financial and ecological perspective, recycling these components and incorporating them into concrete as a partial replacement makes sense.

INTRODUCTION: Testicular torsion is a surgical emergency that is caused by twisting of the spermatic cord and its content. This condition causes irreversible changes after 6 hours. Early recognition and management of testicular torsion is important for testicular salvage and preservation of fertility. METHODS: this is a retrospective study done on all patients who presented with acute scrotal pain from January 2013 to December 2017. The data collected included the patient´s age, symptoms, the time duration between the onset, ultrasound, and surgery, ultrasound findings with Doppler and the surgical intervention. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 25.0. Data are presented as mean (SD) values. Differences between groups and predictive values were calculated using Chi-square, t-test and Mann-Whitney U-test and are expressed by value with 95% CI. RRESULTS: the total number of patients who presented with acute scrotal pain were 88. Testicular torsion was diagnosed in 55 (62.50%) of the patients, 17 (19.32%) had epididymis-orchitis, 5 (5.68%) had torsion of appendage/cyst, and 11 (12.50%) had normal testis. Ultrasound has a sensitivity and specificity of 88.24% and 68.40% respectively. It is a good tool to detect testicular torsion but it is operator dependent. Positive predictive value was 83.33% and negative predictive value was 76.47%. When ultrasound is combined with clinical findings the rate of negative exploration is reduced by 10%. CONCLUSION: good medical history, appropriate clinical evaluation and performing an ultrasound of the scrotum are important in testicular torsion. US evaluation in cases presented after 24 hours does not change the outcome.

If the world is witnessing a crisis every decade it has become since the beginning of the nineties of the last century witnessed multiple crises per decade, has begun the world is witnessing in recent years crisis, local and other regional and global successive began to crystallize crises easy and small and the other large and dangerous threw a shadow over many economies, large and small, and wounded panicked many politicians and businessmen. The current financial crisis shows that addressing global issues are bigger than that left to the state or a limited group of countries, but require collective action will inspire solutions and alternatives of various experiments. Developing countries not to be deceived in front of the blind calls pro-adoption of any action unless it is diagnosed, and determine its suitability and compatibility with their economic, cultural and religious. In the opinion of many researchers and thinkers that Islamic jurisprudence has the ingredients and props Maimknh from the face of these crises by reference to the Koran to understand Miges us and Bmassarva because if he tried organizers of our banks respect the false Koran from the provisions of the teachings and applied them infertile us infertile from disasters and crises, and what brought us the case to This situation because the money to Atld money.

Floods wreak havoc with human society, infrastructure and the environment. Accuracy and reliability of the forecasts concerning the resultant inundation depths and extents of these floods are primarily dependent upon the employed hydrologic modeling approach. In the present study, a more precise distributed hydrological modeling approach has been exploited with grid-based spatial discretization for the simulation of flood inundation in Akara river watershed which contains a proposed metropolitan-level developed coastal city of Gwadar in the ‘Balochistan’ province of Pakistan. Institute of Industrial Sciences Distributed Hydrological Model, a physically based distributed hydrological model, has been employed. This model, through fully implicit finite difference schemes, utilizes diffusive wave approximations of 1D and 2D Saint Venant’s governing equations for the river and over-land flow components, respectively. While the model is calibrated against the cyclonic flood event of June 2007, to earmark the potential hazardous areas inside as well as outside the Master Plan boundary the flood inundation simulation for the worst precipitation events of 50 and 100 years return periods are performed. The simulated flood inundation depths at various known locations showed good agreement with the observed ones. Moreover, the simulations depict that the simulated flood inundation depths at the same locations increase by 1.07 to 1.87 times and 1.21 to 1.89 times respectively due to 50 and 100 years return period rainfalls.

Background: Axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) is a systemic, progressive, autoimmune disease. Complex interactions between environmental factors and host immune responses are the origin of axSpA. Together with human leukocyte antigen (HLA-B27), endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 1 (ERAP1) gene is a potential non-HLA contributor to axSpA susceptibility., Aim: This study aimed to identify the role of ERAP1 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs30187, rs27044, and rs27037) in susceptibility to and severity of axSpA in Egyptian patients., Methods: In this case-control study, we enrolled 120 patients with axSpA and 120 healthy individuals as controls. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to identify ERAP1 polymorphisms., Results: The present study revealed no significant association between ERAP1 SNPs (rs30187, rs27044, and rs27037) and axSpA susceptibility in Egyptian patients. A significant relationship was found only between the ERAP1 SNP rs27037 "GT" genotype and axSpA HLA-B27-positive cases, demonstrating a functional interaction between ERAP1 and HLA-B27-positive cases. Our analysis revealed a significant association between the ERAP1 SNP rs27037 "GT and TT" genotypes and Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index, in addition to an association between the ERAP1 SNP rs27037 "TT" genotype and active enthesitis. The ERAP1 SNP rs27044 "GG" genotype was significantly associated with active enthesitis, but not with clinical axial involvement. Finally, we did not observe a significant relationship between HLA-B27 positivity and disease severity in the studied cases., Conclusion: Three SNPs (rs30187, rs27044, and rs27037) in ERAP1 do not confer susceptibility to axSpA in Egyptian patients. This association existed exclusively between the ERAP1 SNP (rs27037) "GT" genotype and axSpA HLA-B27-positive cases., (Copyright © 2024 Copyright: © 2024 Annals of African Medicine.)