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Hausa is often indicated with the three most common types of affix, viz. prefix, infix and suffix. Whereas the availableness of prefixes and suffixes in the language is not in doubt, that of infixes may have resulted from erroneous perspectives. The so-called infixes in Hausa are, in truth, a relay of suffixes that became obscured by phonology or deletion, envisaged parallactically as infixation. In two other instances, infixation either arose as a simple case of unscrupulous use of terminology or was established on a seemingly irrelevant premise, namely the non-occurrence of a tonal phenomenon. Conclusively, the existence of infixation in Hausa is extraevidential, and therefore questionable.

The paper deals with the non-contiguous morphs in Hausa which are regarded as the manifestation of transfixation. Transfixation is an Afroasiatic feature that is apparent in Arabic. In the present publication it is also claimed to be evident in Hausa. The similarities between Arabic and Hausa are obvious in such linguistic phenomena as tri-literacy, the upgrading of aberrant roots and the existence in both languages of what are denominated here reduplicative and non-reduplicative transfixations. Transfixation in Hausa differentiates itself from its Arabic counterpart via vowel retention and external transfixation which makes the transfix liable to analysis as suffix in the manner of Newman (2000). But the chief contradistinguishing feature is the non-contiguity principle which establishes the affix as the critical component in the Hausa broken morphology.

Twenty-Nail-Dystrophy (TND) also referred to as Trachyonychia is a disorder of the nails. It can affect all the nails hence the name. Trachyonychia is characterized by nail roughness, longitudinal ridging, fragility and hyper-pigmentation. It can occur in all ages and respond poorly to treatment. With this background, we report the case of a five year old girl with this disorder.

Floristic Diversity, Ethno-botanic and Local Taxonomy of Onion's Weeds in the North East of Benin. A study has been conducted in order to document scientific names, local names and their significations, and also to apprehend onion's weed species nomenclature adopted by farmers in the North East of Benin. Thirty onion's households have been surveyed through semi-structured interviews and a floristic inventory was carried out in each of them. Weeds'species and their botanic families and also the criteria of their local names have been identified and have served to elaborate a local taxonomy typology. 71 species which belong to 26 botanic families and 17 species belonging to six families constitute respectively the general flora and the flora associated to onion in vegetation.Poaceae,Cyperaceae, Commelinaceae, Malvaceae, Fabaceae and Portulacaceae are the most important families according to their number of species. Ecology, morphology, resistance to hoe weeding and socio-cultural usages are the criteria that were used to develop the local denomination of 39 among 71 identified species, and have served to elaborate the typology of local taxonomy. The other 32 species without local names do not have any major agroecological, nor socio-cultural interest for farmers. The evaluation of the agronomic importance of the flora associated to onion's vegetation can contribute to a better control of the weeds of this crop.

The return of some infectious disease has stimulated specialists to study historical aspects of human infections. A major model for this study is Yersinia pestis which has had a great impact on human demography due to the fact that it is highly contagious and has a high mortality rate similar to that of the most lethal viral pathogenic agents. We carried out excavation of a mass grave containing the bodies of victims of an outbreak of bubonic plague that occurred in Marseille from 1720 to 1722. More than 200 skeletons were uncovered from the grave known as the Observance (second district in Marseille). In conjunction with laboratory testing, archival records were studied to determine the conditions and dates surrounding the use of this mass grave and to explain certain findings made at the site. This multidisciplinary approach revealed previously unknown facts concerning the Great Plague and provided new insight into recrudescence of the epidemic in 1722.