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Flatfoot is a progressive deformity with a collapse of the foot. Its therapeutic approach has undergone a conceptual shift. Initially focused on posterior tibial tendon insufficiency, it is now defined by a sum of anatomical alterations resulting in a three-dimensional deformity. If the deformity is symptomatic, we look for hindfoot valgus, forefoot abduction and varus, as well as valgus ankle instability. The clinical rigidity of the deformities and the weight-bearing radiological examinations help guide treatment. Although plantar supports and rigid orthoses are sufficient for mild cases, surgical treatment using bone, ligament, tendon or even prosthetics procedures are the final stage of management for severe cases., Competing Interests: Les auteurs n’ont déclaré aucun conflit d’intérêts en relation avec cet article.

Ankle osteoarthritis often presents in patients with a history of lower leg trauma. Hence, they are young with sportive demands and in the active labor phase, treatment must be adapted. Non-surgical treatment is based on corrective orthotics, supportive shoes, and intraarticular hyaluronic acid injections. Joint preserving surgery (JPS) represents a valid alternative to the traditional ankle fusion. JPS may restore normal biomechanics of the ankle joint, resulting in substantial postoperative pain relief, functional improvement, and slowing of the degeneration process. Overall, JPS defers the need for secondary surgeries in most of these young patients, making these patients suitable candidates for joint motion-preserving surgery, as is the case of ankle arthroplasty., Competing Interests: Les auteurs n’ont déclaré aucun conflit d’intérêts en relation avec cet article.

Total ankle prosthesis is increasingly recognized in the management of severe osteoarthritis and has established itself as a valid alternative to arthrodesis. However, this procedure remains delicate, indications must be targeted, and the complex surgical technique requires specific expertise from the surgeon. In recent years, ankle arthroplasty has undergone a major expansion, with improvements in design and surgical techniques. New technologies have also emerged, offering tailor-made planning and instrumentation possibilities. The influence of these techniques on long-term results has yet to be demonstrated, but benefits such as reduced operating time and improved surgical accuracy are interesting. The purpose of this article is to provide an update on ankle prosthesis in the treatment of ankle osteoarthritis., Competing Interests: Les auteurs ne déclarent aucun conflit d’intérêts en relation avec cet article.

Total knee arthroplasty has grown considerably over the past decade, due to the aging of the population, the increase in the prevalence of obesity, and an increasing demand. The 10-year revision rate is less than 5%. Functional outcomes, assessed by range of motion measures and functional scores, were significantly improved with the advent of more reliable and less invasive surgical techniques, better management of postoperative pain, and early high-intensity rehabilitation protocols. However, 20% of patients say they are dissatisfied with their knee replacement, either because of the persistence of pain, or because their function does not match their preoperative expectations. Improved preoperative communication between patient and surgeon is essential to match patients' expectations to realistic treatment outcomes., Competing Interests: les auteurs n’ont déclaré aucun conflit d’intérêts en relation avec cet article.

With an aging population, distal humerus fractures are becoming an emerging problem. Whereas open reduction and internal fixation has been the treatment of choice, results have not been as conclusive in elderly patients. Over two thirds of the cases in this population present with a highly comminuted articular fracture and poor bone stock, jeopardizing the quality and stability of the construct. Total elbow arthroplasty has gained popularity in the treatment of such fractures, and has shown higher results in terms of pain, function, and patient satisfaction. Nevertheless, it also has a high complication rate, such as infection, ulnar neuropathy and loosening, that should be discussed with patients before surgery. The aim of this article was thus to review the different treatment options and propose a treatment algorithm., Competing Interests: Les auteurs n’ont déclaré aucun conflit d’intérêts en relation avec cet article.