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Date palm fruits are very rich in biologically active substances, were once classified as carbohydrate foods with fast sugars. Currently, carbohydrate foods are classified on the basis of their ability to increase blood sugar levels. The objective of this work is to characterize the dates of six cultivars of low market value ie Ghars Itima, Bentqbala, Aliwrached, Mizit and Tinissine dietary point of view, ie according to their glycemic power, in order to establish good management of the consumption of these fruits, in particular for diabetics and the obese, and / or to enhance them by their transformation into several products. To do, first time we have supported this study by physicochemical characterization and biochemical assay of the minerals, ash, sugars and pectins, secondly, we called on a dietary characterization by monitoring the post-meal response after consumption of these cultivars. These analyzes recorded appreciable calcium, sodium and potassium contents, ash contents between 2.31% to 2.48%, reducing sugar contents fluctuating between 58.38% to 75.28% and pectin contents between 1.88% to 4.43. %. The hyperglycemia peaks of the cultivars studied are equal to 1.10, 1.15, 1.16, 1.27, 1.31g / l and 1.41g / l for Itima, Tinissine, Aliwrached, Bentqbala, Mizit and Ghars respectively against that of the reference food (glucose) (1.47g / l). Likewise, these cultivars show postprandial peaks between 1.01g / l to 1.06g / l against that of glucose 1.10g / l. Overall, these peaks are lower and do not cause a significant increase in blood sugar, so they are more attractive from a dietary point of view. This allows us to develop an adequate food management strategy for diabetics and obese people. Overall, these peaks are lower and do not cause a significant increase in blood sugar, so they are more attractive from a dietary point of view. This allows us to develop an adequate food management strategy for diabetics and obese people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dates are fruits rich in biologically active substances, which gives them great interest in terms of validation. In this study we aimed at the characteristics of the fruits of two varieties of Phoenix dactylifera L., one Tunisian (Deglet Nour), was selected for its nutritional quality and its appreciation throughout the world and the other of Saudi origin. (Madjoul), which is very popular due to its large size, texture and special taste. Analyzes of biochemical parameters such as total polyphenols, flavonoids, condensed tannins, total sugars, proteins as well as trace elements (iron and sodium) indicate a significant difference in the two varieties studied. The global examination of the results of the present study show that the flavonoids represent the major constituents of phenolic compounds in the Deglet Nour Tunisian variety and the condensed tannins in the Madjoul Saudi variety (43.17 ± 4.76 µg EQ/g DW and 160.92 ± 39.22 µg EC/g DW, respectively). Similarly, the results indicate a richness in total sugars of the Madjoul date which is: 214.79 ± 15.25 mg / g DW compared to the Deglet Nour date, on the other hand the latter has the highest protein content: 15.13 ± 3.18 µg / g DW. This variation could be linked to various factors, more particularly the geographical origin, the varietal effect, the maturity and the harvest period. This comparative study could lead to valuing dates, remember that phenolic compounds are known for their biological virtues and arouse significant interest in antioxidant activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

After three years of monitoring (2016-2019), no less than 6256 individuals of Orthoptera were counted on 3 palm groves in Ghardaïa. These specimens are represented by 22 species belonging to 4 families. The presence of a herbaceous layer such as Cynodon dactylon and Setaria verticillata promotes the development of Gomphocerinae such as Ochrilidia gracilis. In contrast, the presence of a high proportion of date palms and fruit trees contributes to the decrease in the locust fauna. The density of locusts begins to increase in Spring (26 individuals/100 m²) to reach the maximum in Summer (58 individuals/100 m²). The highest densities are noted in the least maintained palm groves. In general, the values of the Shannon diversity index (H’) (1.84-2.63 bits) and the inverse of the Simpson index (4-12) gradually change in Spring and Summer where it is maximum, then decreases in Winter. alpha diversity is high in poorly maintained palm groves (2.62). This study indicated that the Orthoptera could be successfully used as bio indicators of oasis disturbance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study is the production of glutamic acid by use of a strain of Bacillus subtilis B9 autochthon isolated from samples of sea water and using scrap dates variety deglet nour as fermentation medium. And different culture conditions, the initial pH, the amount of inoculum, the sugar content, the content of glutamic acid, the source and the content of nitrogen were optimized. Combination the results obtained show that the optimum amount of glutamic acid was obtained in an amount of 1 % inoculum was 38,84 g/L. Moreover, a maximum quantity of glutamic acid was 38,84 g/L was obtained with an initial pH of 7. Furthermore, an optimal amount of glutamic acid is 38.84 g/L was obtained by adding to the fermentation medium with a sugar content of 30 g/L. In addition, a maximum production of glutamic acid is 55,28g/L was obtained by adding to the fermentation medium 5 g/L of glutamic acid. On the other hand, a maximum production of glutamic acid is 65,76g/L was obtained by adding to the fermentation medium 10 g /L ammonium sulfate. Finally, the optimum conditions for maximum production of glutamic acid are: amount of inoculum of 1.0%, an initial pH of 7, a sugar content of 30 g/L, a glutamic acid content of 5 g/L, the use of ammonium sulfate as nitrogen source in an amount of 10 g/L. An amount and a maximum yield of glutamic acid to be 65.76 g/L and 2.393 g/g of sugar, respectively were obtained with these optimal conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]