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The article presents the study results on the possibility of burning the bituminous coal instead the lignite in the boiler BKZ-420-140 type. The study objectives are to determine the influence of coals thermal characteristics on the combustion efficiency in a boiler. The boiler efficiency analysis when burning various coal types is carried out on the basis of fuel combustion process numerical simulation. The furnace process assessment was carried out according permissible mechanical unburning of solid fuel, absence of furnace walls slag, the flue gas temperature at the model outlet, the concentration of NOx in flue gases. The studies were carried out for bituminous coals with a change in the lower calorific value in the range from 14.61 to 25.62 MJ/kg. It was found that for most of the studied bituminous coals the unburned carbon loss does not exceed 0.5% (with the exception of Kuznetsk bituminous lean coal). It has been established that with an increase in the calorific value of the bituminous coal, the concentration of nitrogen oxides in the flue gases increases. There was no dependence of the concentration of nitrogen oxides on the lower calorific value found for low-volatile bituminous coals. The effect of bituminous coal humidity on the flue gas temperature at the furnace outlet and on the unburned carbon loss is ambiguous due to small changes.

Despite the high-tech innovation level of cultivation and processing damage by insects - pests is still high. It causes the urgency of growing new genetically modified varieties of agriculture containing the gene of the soil bacterium called transgenic or genetically modified. This article explains the importance of mathematical modeling for the cultivation of genetically modified crops.

The article discusses the issue of optimizing the process of programming the development of agriculture in terms of livestock breeding based on the potential productivity in dairy cattle breeding. As is known, a significant part of the milk obtained from cows is formed due to the genetic characteristics of the animals. Therefore, the fastest result in increasing productivity can be achieved through the intensification of targeted breeding work. This is precisely what the state needs to focus on when leaving programs for the development of the agro-industrial complex. Increasing the genetic potential of a region (territory) and its use should be the basis for drawing up targeted programs. The purpose of the study is to formulate the concept of the genetic potential of the region and determine the possibility of increasing it through commodity lending. Among the instruments of state support for agriculture, the use of commodity lending in livestock farming will make it possible to quickly disseminate favorable breeding achievements throughout the region. For example, in the Samara region, out of 98.8 thousand heads 29.6 thousand cows belong to the population with low genetic potential (29.9%). According to calculations, with minimal financial investments it is possible to completely replace an unproductive herd in the region.

The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of complex amylolytic preparations on green buckwheat starch in the environment of oxidized and reduced fractions of electrochemically activated solutions. The novelty of the work lies in the study of the effect of catholyte and anolyte obtained from tap water on the accumulation of reducing substances in the process of enzymatic hydrolysis of green buckwheat starch with the use of preparations AmyloLux ATS and Maltogenase 2X L. The practical significance of the work is related to the possibility of improving the technology of grain drinks or preparation of buckwheat malt in the production of gluten-free beer. It was found that enzymatic hydrolysis of green buckwheat starch with the use of complex amylolytic preparations proceeded most intensively when using the oxidized anodic fraction of electrochemically activated solutions. The level of reducing substances in the anolyte environment exceeded the analogous index in the samples based on water and catholyte by 1.2-1.3 times, already after 30 minutes and before the end of the process.

In this paper, numerical simulation of coal combustion in the invert furnace of a boiler for a 500 MW power unit designed to operate on advanced ultra-supercritical steam parameters (A-USC) is performed. The use of A-USC technology makes it possible to reduce fuel costs for electricity production compared to steam turbine units of previous generations. Also it influences to reduce the level of emissions of harmful substances into the atmosphere. Modeling of the invert furnace at the nominal boiler load was carried out for the developed direct-flow burners and nozzles arrangement of burning coal. After numerical simulation the results were obtained and made it possible to analyze the furnace aerodynamics and the temperature distribution inside the furnace volume. The calculation of the indicators of efficiency and environmental friendliness was carried out and their values appeared smaller than regulatory permissions, which allows us to recommend the developed burners arrangement scheme for its use in invert furnaces. The furnace operation simulation at reduced loads of 70% and 50% was carried out and the results showed the reliability of the developed combustion scheme.

The research of organizations’ development based on the study of the institutional mechanism helps to identify problematic issues and the possibility of economical systems’ functioning, on the ground of which the directions for the enterprises’ evolvement are determined. The purpose of this article’s study is to reveal the features of institutional mechanism’s formation for managing an organization. Within the framework of this article, the analysis of basic concepts like “institution”, “institutional management”, “institutional mechanism”, etc. is conducted. It is determined that formal rules’ institutions, mechanisms and restrictions include legislation and structures that implement their activities by introducing general principles into society and forcing participants to comply with the established rules. It is substantiated that institutional mechanisms, in case of effective use in the activities of organizations, will ensure the interaction of institutions and enterprises, forming an infrastructure represented by institutional requirements and opportunities for their implementation.

Introduction: in the case when flexible structures interact with the wind flow, various phenomena of aerodynamic instability may arise. Typical representatives of such phenomena are vortex wind excitation of cylindrical structures, galloping of poorly streamlined structures with a square, rectangular or rhomboid cross-section, etc. The article highlights some basic ways of damping vibrations of rigid busbar structures. Materials and methods: the method of dynamic vibration damping consists in attaching additional devices to the vibration protection object to change its vibration state. The work of dynamic dampers is based on the formation of force effects transmitted to the object. It differs from another method of vibration reduction, characterized by the imposition of additional kinematic connections on the object such as fixing its particular points. Results: a mathematical model of the plate dynamic damper operation with a point load is presented. To determine the optimal parameters of dynamic vibration dampers, their calculation was performed, taking into account the joint action of the rigid busbar and the damper. Experimental research of the conjoint work of a rigid busbar with a plate dynamic damper is carried out. Conclusions: the effective application of plate dynamic dampers with a point load has been confirmed both outside and inside the tube busbar. Is proposed the special plate vibration damper. This allows to increase the logarithmic decrement of oscillations by 3-3.5 times and reduce the amplitude of oscillations of rigid busbar structures in the resonant mode by 12 time.

The Rogun hydropower plant is being constructed in Tajikistan, in the valley of the Vakhsh River. The construction site is located in a narrow gorge separating the Vakhsh and Surkh-Ku ridges. Most of the hydroelectric complex structures are located within a single tectonic block, which is bounded by two faults - Ionakhsh and Gulizindan, which are proximal to the Vakhsh regional fault. The study of stress distribution around the diversion tunnel was carried out by numerical simulation, which aimed to identify the stress distribution in the strongly dislocated heterogeneous rock massif before and after the tunnel creation. The underground cavity of the tunnel is a significant factor influencing the natural stress field of the rock massif. An area with critical values of the strength coefficient in the working roof, caused by the presence of a weak layer of Lower Cretaceous siltstones, is revealed in the tunnel location. The size of this area reaches two tunnel diameters. The change of stresses and their concentration around the underground working can cause deformations in the roof (collapse or rock bumps).

The article proposes a methodology for assessing the sufficiency of financial resources in an emergency. The purpose of the study is to develop a methodology based on the method of simulation modeling to assess the sufficiency of resources and the sustainability of an agricultural enterprise in the event of an emergency. This set of methods for assessing the availability of enterprise financial resources for overcoming emergencies was implemented using algorithms for simulation of enterprise financial flows and their assessment in the program for investment calculations Project Expert 7.19. The program allows you to build simulation models of an enterprise, regardless of their industry and specificity. With the help of this software complex, it is possible not only to build a simulation model of an enterprise, but also to carry out its statistical evaluation. Together with the proposed method of detailing the initial data of annual financial and economic documents, this set of methods is a powerful tool for building and evaluating simulation models of agricultural and other enterprises, taking into account fluctuations in cash flow values during the year. Thus, the accuracy of the estimates obtained is significantly increased in comparison with methods based on the analysis of relative indicators or coefficients.

The article considers problems of a transport complex of mining and processing plants. Requirements for quarry transport are presented. The production process and technological operations of the transportation process are considered. The ways of solving the problems of the transportation process are determined. It is established that when creating a rational system for transporting iron ore raw materials, it is possible to reduce material costs and losses during transportation.

The goal of the research is to determine the importance and relevance of youth labor potential management for the environmental industry, as well as to determine the factors and risks that affect the environmental management of labor potential. To conduct the study, analytical, statistical, comparative methods, the grouping method were used, an analysis of statistical data on the number and structure of youth was carried out, as well as an analysis of current trends, factors, risks that affect the management of the labor potential of youth in the environmental industry. The main modern factors are highlighted: population aging; disproportionate distribution of the number of young people by country; the quality of youth vocational training and education; high speed of development of digital technologies in the economy. The risks posed by digital technologies are considered separately: increasing environmental risks and requirements for the level of environmental management; high speed and unpredictability of changes; inconsistent employment; platform approach; the requirement for the study of new technologies; the structure of personnel needs is changing: the level of requirements more and more does not correspond to the level of young personnel, and the rate of change in requirements is changing faster than educational programs; labor automation leads to job cuts; digital autism and decline in professional social and intellectual skills; digital addiction.

The scientific and practical problems of deterioration of the soil fertility of apple tree plantations under drip irrigation with mineralized waters are discussed. A significant decrease in soil biodiversity was revealed, depending on the duration of cultivation of fruit plantations. A prerequisite for biologization is an objective assessment of the availability of soil nutrients under droppers, which will reduce the load on the environment as a result of the rational use of fertilizers. The necessity of biologization of garden farming and reduction of soil fatigue is actualized. The ways of solving the problem of soil fatigue and reducing the fertility of chernozem soils in fruit plantations of areas of forced use of drip irrigation with mineralized waters are outlined.

This publication introduces into the scientific use a metal vessel of the pre-Scythian period, which entered the collection of the Kabardino-Balkar Institute of Humanistic Studies in 2012. There are given the shape and size of the vessel as well as its analogies in the surrounding regions. The vessel is dated from the 8th - early 6th centuries BC.

This article is devoted to the issue of the correlation between the innovation activity and the volume of agricultural production in the Russian Federation in the context of the established documents, defining the security policy in our country. The hypothesis of the correlation between innovation activity and agricultural production in the conditions of the fourth technological revolution is substantiated. The mathematical tools that can be applied in these areas, taking into account the significant differentiation of the Russian regions, have been studied. To obtain the system assessment of innovation activity in the Russian Federation, the developed integrated index of innovation activity in the region has been used. During the study of the correlation between innovation activity and the volumes of agricultural production, the results of correlational- regression model had been specified on the basis of the correspondence analysis method. During the analysis software tools, created in Volgograd State Technical University, as well as statistical packages and also spreadsheet MS Excel, were used. This fact allows to computerize a considerable part of calculations. It was concluded, that the regions with the developed innovative activity are characterized by large volumes of agricultural production, and the volumes of agricultural production can.

The emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria is considered a serious problem. The resistance of bacteria against antimicrobial substances becomes important in the repair systems for damage to DNA and RNA molecules. The role of the antioxidant system in the development of bacterial resistance against antibiotics is not yet practically studied. The article studied the expression regulation of the genes of antioxidant enzymes and enzymes involved in the genetic information in E. coli cells with the antibiotic resistance against apramycin and cefatoxime. The study was conducted on bacterial cells resistant against these two antibiotics. The genes blaOXA-1, blaSHV, blaTEM, mdtK, aadA1, aadA2, sat, strA, blaCTX, blaPER-2, tnpA, tnpR, intC1 and intC1c were identified in bacterial cell case. This indicates the presence of plasmids in bacteria with these genes, which provide bacterial resistance to apramycin and cefatoxime. It was established that during the formation of cefotaxime resistance, there was a sharp increase in the expression of the Cu, Zn superoxide dismutase gene: in comparison with the control group, the representation of its transcripts increased 141.04 times for cefotoxime and 155.42 times for apramycin. It has been established that during the formation of resistance to the studied antibiotics in E. coli, an increase in the expression of the end4 and end3 genes is observed. There is tendency toward an increase in the number of transcripts of the pol3E gene observed in the formation of resistance against cefotaxime and apromycin.

The issue of the selection of business partners in the conditions of the uniform heat-supplying organizations functioning is considered in the article. The need of quality and timely evaluation of the potential partners for the purpose of the increase in the level of quality of generation, transportation and distribution of heat energy is proved. The author’s approach of holding the procedure of selection of the most reliable partner was used with the help of the method of the hierarchical analysis. The method of pair comparisons was also applied within the research, the blocks and indicators of the assessment were defined. The model of additive convolution was chosen as the method of the aggregated criterion creation.

Voltage and reactive power mode control is performed by dispatcher for the purpose of ensuring required reserves on steady state stability and load stability as well as permissible voltage operating conditions of electric grid equipment. The decision made by dispatcher engaged in controlling reactive power and voltage modes is founded on instructional materials developed in advance for each voltage control station (CS) with focus on data about typical modes of power system or energy area operation. The actual efficiency of reactive power compensation facilities depends on many factors (the composition and operation of grid elements, the composition and operation of generating equipment, etc.). To make final and balanced decision, in some cases, it is necessary to perform some estimation calculations, which take more time for decision making. To minimize and reduce the time required by dispatcher for their decision making and improve its accuracy when involved in voltage and reactive power mode control, it is reasonable to develop software able to determine the efficiency of reactive power compensation facilities in real time.

Infrastructure development and oil field exploitation are facing great difficulties. This is caused by the engineering geological conditions changing and transformation of the upper part of the section due to the anthropogenic influence. The article contains the results of researching permafrost soils conditions in the bucket-type water intake facility foundation near the Taas-Yurekh River, Yakutia, Russia (the eastern block of Srednebotuobinskoye oil/gas-condensate field). As a result of the research area engineering geological conditions analysis, the geotechnical scheme was constructed, and on the base of it the soils thawing depth mathematical modelling due to the water heating influence was performed. The soils thawing depth calculation due to the heating of the water in the reservoir was performed with the TEMP/W software of GeoStudio, which is based on the finite element method. The forecast for the end of the facility lifetime was based on the temperature measurements in the reservoir and the soil surface. The calculations results show that the maximum thawing depth due to the water heating influence will be 36 meters with the lower border temperature of -1°C, and it decreases to 16 meters with -10°C lower border temperature.

The paper analyzes the waste recovery methods. The comparison of the recovery and processing technologies of solid domestic waste is made. The most effective technologies are proposed from the point of view of ecology, specific capital investments, profitability. Analysis of the research results showed that the pyrolysis technology for the neutralization and recovery of domestic waste is the best according to technical and economic and environmental indicators. The calculation of the economic pay-back is carried out using the example of the waste recovery plant construction by the pyrolysis method in the Arkhangelsk region. The calculation took into account all costs associated with the construction and operation of the plant, including capital investments, maintenance and removal of waste, as well as their storage. At the same time, the item of income was formed both at the expense of obligatory of the Arkhangelsk region resident payments for the domestic waste removal, and at the expense of additional financial revenues from electricity and secondary resources (slag, pyrolysis oil, pyro-gas) generated during the recovery process. The project payback period was 7.8 years.

Tendencies of development of ways of protection of a hydraulic drive of vehicles from unauthorized emission of working liquid at destruction of high pressure holes are analyzed. The analysis of work of traction vehicles, detects the reasons at which there is a destruction of high pressure hoses of hydraulic system and the emission in the atmosphere of working liquid that violate environmental safety. Technical solution is proposed for elimination of negative consequences of destruction of high pressure hoses, which author’s rights are protected by the patent. Its essence is, that the locking device is further supplied with a rod with the axial through channel, which will allow a plunger in case of a gap of head pressure hoses reliably to block radial holes in a rod, to provide that high reliability of the overlap of supply of working liquid in head pressure hoses in case of their destruction and effective protection of hydraulic drive against unauthorized emission of working liquid.