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Copyright of Environnement, Risques & Santé is the property of John Libbey Eurotext Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

En Brasil el contingente de población rural se reduce de forma constante desde la década de 1950; a la vez, hay un gran número de trabajadores sin tierra y grandes latifundios. El Estado ha puesto en marcha políticas de reforma agraria que incluyen la creación de asentamientos rurales. En este trabajo se analiza el efecto de estas políticas sobre la dinámica demográfica de la población rural. Se ha analizado como caso de estudio la mesorregión de Presidente Prudente (São Paulo) entre 1990 y 2010. La fuente de datos de población es el Instituto Brasileño de Geografía y Estadística; la de asentamientos, el Instituto de Tierras de São Paulo. Lo que se ha hecho es comparar la dinámica demográfica de los municipios que tienen nuevos asentamientos y la de los que no tienen. Se ha comprobado que dinámica demográfica y creación de asentamientos rurales no son procesos independientes. En un contexto dominado por una dinámica de la población rural negativa, únicamente en municipios con nuevos asentamientos la población rural aumenta. La principal conclusión del trabajo es que la creación de asentamientos puede ser útil para la ordenación del territorio si se pretende mantener población en el campo.

Cet article souligne l'importance de l'habitat en tant qu'élément fondamental de la vie humaine et de la société. L'habitat englobe la résidence, la configuration, l'emplacement et les interactions urbaines. L'article de Thierry Paquot met en évidence l’intégration de non seulement le logement, mais aussi les itinéraires quotidiens urbains vers l'habitat. Et Émile Durkheim souligne le lien entre l'individu et la société à travers l'environnement immédiat, ce qui devient particulièrement crucial dans les pays émergents comme le Gabon. La réflexion s'est ensuite tournée vers l'ethnie Fang, riche contributeur au patrimoine culturel gabonais. L'habitat Fang a été étudié pour sa signification culturelle. L'analyse historique a servi à concevoir un habitat adapté à ce contexte local grâce à une revalorisation des plans traditionnels. La revalorisation de l'habitat traditionnel, en particulier chez les Fang, montre l'importance de cette démarche pour préserver la culture et l'environnement. En réaménageant l'espace et en choisissant des matériaux locaux et des motifs traditionnels, le projet harmonise modernité et héritage culturel. Il démontre comment la réflexion peut façonner des habitats durables qui préservent l'identité tout en répondant aux besoins contemporains. Cela illustre également comment l'habitat est le fondement de la société et comment sa revalorisation peut façonner un avenir respectueux de l'environnement et culturellement ancré.

Cet article examine la reconversion de la "Halle aux pigeons" en "Maison de l'Habitat durable" à Lille, démontrant comment la préservation du patrimoine architectural peut être harmonisée avec les impératifs de durabilité de notre époque. L'étude repose sur une méthodologie interdisciplinaire qui intègre des domaines diversifiés, pour mettre en relief les avantages et les défis inhérents à cette approche. L'idée fondamentale est que la reconversion des édifices historiques en espaces contemporains et durables représente une solution viable pour préserver le patrimoine tout en répondant aux besoins actuels. Pour atteindre cet objectif, l'étude fait appel à des méthodes de collecte de données exhaustives, notamment l'analyse documentaire et visuelle, ainsi que l'analyse qualitative, à la fois thématique et comparative. L'objectif ultime est de fournir une compréhension approfondie de cette entreprise de préservation durable du patrimoine bâti, en mettant en lumière son histoire, sa transformation, et son influence sur le tissu urbain contemporain.

Subsistence harvest in Arctic marine ecosystems is influenced by sea ice conditions affecting species distributions, abundance, and accessibility. We tracked 78 polar bears (Ursus maritimus Phipps, 1774) of different age, sex, and reproductive classes via satellite telemetry in the Canadian Beaufort Sea (2007–2014, n = 71 258). We assessed vulnerability to harvest (no/low/medium/high) based on telemetry data overlap with density of historical harvest locations (1985–1987, n = 121). All classes of polar bears were detected in historical harvest areas of low to high risk in greater proportion than expected from available area during the harvest period (January to ice breakup), and all but solitary adult females had >50% of locations in the risk areas. Subadult males were proportionally more often inside risk areas yet were not observed in the high-risk areas. Other classes were observed

Copyright of African & Mediterranean Journal of Architecture & Urbanism (AMJAU) is the property of Ecole Nationale d'Architecture and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of African & Mediterranean Journal of Architecture & Urbanism (AMJAU) is the property of Ecole Nationale d'Architecture and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Enfances, Familles, Generations is the property of Enfances, Familles, Generations and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Les effets des dépérissements sur la structure des peuplements, la quantité et la qualité des ressources, la composition des paysages et les communautés biologiques ont été analysés. Dans les pessières bavaroises, la richesse spécifique augmente généralement en zones perturbées, où certaines espèces rares réapparaissent. Dans les sapinières pyrénéennes, les effets du dépérissement aux échelles du peuplement et du paysage sont interdépendants. Dans les chênaies de plaine, les réponses des guildes d’insectes des houppiers sont contrastées. Les coupes sanitaires altèrent la structure du peuplement, et modifient la composition initiale des communautés par un effet additif au dépérissement. Les nombreuses incertitudes sur la dynamique des communautés soulignent l’importance de disposer de longues séries temporelles. Des réflexions opérationnelles sont engagées pour une sylviculture de rétention saisissant l’opportunité des crises, dans le respect des équilibres économiques et phytosanitaires. Messages clés Les effets des crises forestières sur la biodiversité sont différents selon le contexte. L’effet des crises forestières sur la biodiversité est amplifié par les récoltes sanitaires. Des suivis sur le long terme sont indispensables pour diminuer l’incertitude sur les prédictions.

L’auteur est préoccupé par le conflit entre les bantous et les pygmées afin d’en faire comprendre et d’en expliquer les revendications et/ou les motivations. Le conflit actuel étant inscrit dans le contexte de la situation d’infériorité dans laquelle sont traditionnellement plongés les pygmées face aux bantous, l’étude suggère la construction de l’état d’âme de vouloir vivre ensemble et surtout jette les bases d’une cohabitation pacifique de toutes les communautés prenant en compte les intérêts de la majorité et de la minorité.

Copyright of Revue Archéologique de Picardie is the property of Revue Archeologique de Picardie and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

La connaissance du régime alimentaire des espèces animales en milieu naturel est une étape indispensable à la compréhension de leur biologie et de leur écologie. Ainsi l’objectif de ce travail était de connaitre le régime alimentaire de l’Acanthodactyle rugueux (Acanthodactylus boskianus), l’un des lézards les plus communs dans les habitats côtiers de la région de Gabès. Ce lézard occupe les terrains sableux aussi bien au niveau des dunes côtières qu’à l’intérieur des terres. Il était donc question de comparer la diversité des proies consommées par ce lézard dans ces deux types d’habitat : (plage vs arrière-plage). Au total, 47 lézards ont été échantillonnés. L’analyse des contenus stomacaux de ces lézards montre un régime alimentaire composé de diverses espèces d’invertébrés. De plus, nos résultats montrent que le régime alimentaire de ce lézard varie en fonction du type d’habitat. Au niveau des plages sableuses, ce sont des proies d’origine marine, essentiellement des talitres (Crustacées Amphipodes), qui constituent l’essentiel de la nourriture des lézards. Globalement, nos résultats confirment le caractère opportuniste de l’Acanthodactyle rugueux. Ils soulignent également le rôle de charnière entre les chaînes alimentaires marine et terrestre que joue cette espèce dans les écosystèmes côtiers du golfe de Gabès. Cette remarque laisse supposer que cette espèce de lézard pourrait également jouer un rôle clef dans le transfert des polluants (essentiellement des métaux lourds) rejetés dans la mer par les industries de phosphate de Gabès-Ghannouche, du milieu marin au milieu terrestre.

Copyright of VertigO is the property of La Revue Electronique en Sciences de l'Environnement VertigO and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

When faced with homogeneous funerary complexes, it is not always possible to discern the existence of different statuses among the dead. When they do exist, such differences often define how the living interacted with their forebears: how they were buried, how long they were remembered, what powers were bestowed upon them. As archaeologists, how do we identify such differences and, above all, what do they mean? Ancient Mayan funerary practices were closely associated with the habitats in which the dead were buried and they obeyed a spatial codification that still echoes among their descendants to this day. By associating archaeological observations and ethnographical data, it becomes possible to partially restore the place of the dead in a funerary hierarchy of greater subtlety than the sometimes omnipresent figure of the "ancestor" tends to suggest.

The excavation of the Ardrets site in Morancez (28) has uncovered an occupation from the Middle Bronze Age. The occupation includes habitat structures to the north and excavations linked to funerary practices to the south. The contemporaneity of the two complexes is not proven. The organisation of the residential sector is comparable to contemporary sites in northwestern France. Seen in a partial way, this habitat may correspond to a hamlet or a small village materialised by buildings associated with small constructions probably linked to storage. An important batch of ceramics, attributable to the Final Bronze Age IIIa, was unearthed during this operation. It adds to a corpus that is poorly documented in the Eure-et-Loir.The site is located on the margins of the Channel-North Sea and Rhine-Switzerland-Eastern France complexes. This geographical situation allows the occupation of Morancez to be put into perspective within this "buffer" zone. This sector remains poorly documented in relation to the information available in neighbouring regions. While the funerary practices identified are attributable to Manche-mer du Nord culture, the architecture and ceramic furniture reflect various influences.These discoveries provide new information on the cultural affinities of the department during the Middle Bronze Age. The geographical location of the site allows the two cultures to be put into perspective, the limits of which have yet to be defined.

Copyright of Revue Archéologique de Picardie is the property of Revue Archeologique de Picardie and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revue Archéologique de Picardie is the property of Revue Archeologique de Picardie and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revue Archéologique de Picardie is the property of Revue Archeologique de Picardie and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Los trabajos realizados entre 2014 y 2019 en este im­portante núcleo, situado estratégicamente entre las cuencas de los ríos Ebro y Matarraña, han combinado la excavación en extensión, la prospección intensiva del asentamiento y de su entorno inmediato, los análisis interdisciplinares y la re­visión de las intervenciones anteriores. Los resultados per­miten reinterpretar la evolución del asentamiento entre el Primer Hierro y el Alto Imperio. Su extensión inicial debió de ser reducida, con una función limitada al control del te­rritorio y ejercida desde una gran torre, mientras que en el siglo III a. C. alcanzó su máxima extensión (3 ha) y se eri­gió una gran mansión aristocrática. Esta evolución refleja el proceso de estratificación y urbanización de la sociedad ibé­rica de la zona, truncado por la conquista romana. En época romano-republicana se construyó un edificio fortificado que recuperó la función de punto de control, para pasar a ser ocupado esporádicamente en el Alto Imperio.

The study focuses on the feasibility of connecting urban green spaces at an urban scale through a network because of the population growth and land use changes at the expense of green areas, which has led to the fragmentation and destabilization of the ecosystem in the Hilla city center in Babylon province /Iraq. The methodology will be according to two stages: first, the current state assessment was used to determine the encroachment of the areas. Secondly, it uses the gravity model and the least-cost path model in GIS to determine the level of interaction between nodes. Therefore, the research hypothesis was that connecting strong nodes to a comprehensive and integrated network increases the strength of the interaction. According to the results, there is no clear hierarchy in the distribution of urban green spaces within Hilla city, with only two levels: locality and urban on the urban level, there is no possibility of establishing a network between green spaces because of three factors: encroached uses mainly the residential, distance between patches and the node weight.

Camelina (Camelina sativa L.) is an industrial crop, which has been cultivated for centuries as an oilseed crop for human food, however, the production and its importance were not well known in Ethiopia. The current research was conducted to identify potential agroecology and rate of NP (nitrogen and phosphorous) fertilizer for the high yield production of camelina crop. Two major agroecological zones, namely highland (moist dega) and midland (moist weyna-dega) agroecologies, were tested. The experiments in both agroecology were conducted in RCBD design with similar treatments. The treatments were (T1 = 0 kg N ha−1, 0 kg P ha−1), (T2 = 30 kg N ha−1, 10 kg P ha−1), (T3 = 60 kg N ha−1, 20 kg P ha−1), (T4 = 90 kg N ha−1, 30 kg P ha−1), (T5 = 120 kg N ha−1, 40 kg P ha−1) and (T6 = 150 kg N ha−1, 50 kg P ha−1). Significant (P

In Cambodia, 77% of the population is rural (World Bank, 2018) and 30% of Cambodians work in the agricultural sector (World Bank, 2019). Most of the rural areas are associated with rustic dwellings raised by stilts with palm leaf walls. Rural areas are less developed economically than cities, the fault of low-income agricultural activities often subsistence and without mechanization. However, in rare territories, through the development of tourism, there is a revitalization of rural space like in Siem Reap, the most dynamic province in the country thanks to the temples of Angkor. Many rural people give up their profession in the agricultural sector to work in the city or in the archaeological park in the tourism or construction sector. This results in new forms of rurality which can be observed on the landscape level by the disappearance of traditional Khmer housing on stilts.

L'artificialisation des terres et l'intensification des pratiques agricoles ont conduit à l'homogénéisation des paysages et au déclin de la biodiversité. En effet, la perte de diversité des habitats naturels ou semi-naturels engendre une diminution de la richesse spécifique dans de nombreuses régions. Parmi diverses actions pour répondre à ces enjeux, les actions d'ingénierie écologique contribuent à restaurer les fonctions et services écosystémiques en s'appuyant sur des solutions fondées sur la nature. C'est le cas du dispositif de zone tampon humide artificielle (ZTHA) dont la fonction première est d'améliorer la qualité de l'eau en contexte de drainage agricole. Mais il s'avère que cet outil favorise également la diversité des habitats en contexte paysager de grandes cultures ayant subi de forts aménagements fonciers pour optimiser la productivité agricole. Afin d'évaluer l'impact des ZTHA sur le site expérimental de Rampillon sur la biodiversité, des inventaires sur sept taxons (Amphibiens, Chiroptères, Lépidoptères, Mammifères, Odonates, Oiseaux et Reptiles) ont été réalisés en 2017, soit 7 ans après leur construction. Il en résulte que, sur une surface d'environ 1 hectare, il est possible de retrouver plus de 40 % des espèces d'Amphibiens, d'Odonates et d'Oiseaux connues en Île-de-France. Les ZTHA favorisent également les trames vertes et bleues sur un territoire devenu homogène par les remembrements successifs, en diversifiant le paysage et en favorisant la connectivité entre les éléments naturels (rôle d'espace relais). En outre, les enjeux pédagogiques et récréatifs viennent s'ajouter au bénéfice global avec l'installation d'un parcours pédagogique sur le site d'étude. Ainsi, les ZTHA sont un support nouveau à la fourniture de services écosystémiques tout en étant mutualisés sur un seul site foncier. In fine, leur déploiement à plus large échelle est proposé, ce qui participera à l'aménagement écologique des territoires et permettra aux agroécosystèmes de tendre vers une empreinte environnementale réduite.

On interroge dans cet article la notion de transition énergétique en explorant la non-prise en compte par les pouvoirs publics de l’écart entre les pratiques de chauffage des ménages et les dispositifs d’injonctions mis en œuvre. Après avoir discuté les résultats d’enquêtes récentes sur les températures de chauffe des ménages, on revisite l’évolution et le mode de production des normes de confort dans l’habitat et on analyse les pratiques de chauffage à l’aune de la notion de transaction sociale. Les pratiques des ménages, qui conduisent à des températures réelles de chauffe des habitations plus élevées que les 19 degrés de la norme, constituent une critique de fait de la transition énergétique. Ne parvenant pas à « faire passer la norme » dans les comportements en dépit des urgences de la maîtrise de la demande en énergie, la transition énergétique se révèle velléitaire par ignorance des mécanismes de la pratique sociale.

The ability to understand the cultural habitat and contemporary landscape requires careful consideration capable of interpreting the scope of changes taking place. Present conformations are the result of progressive layers, but the shift from one period to the next one is the result of true cultural and spatial breaks, which over time have had the ability to camouflaging themselves, appearing less evident to the glance of a careless observer. Understanding these processes means decoding forms of identity which are often not recognized, in order to counteract the loss of sense that in recent times has become increasingly manifest and perceptible in many places. The dynamics that have led to changes in the identity/cultural image, especially in territorial or urban contexts where today there is an essentially dialectic conflict between identity and design, turn out to be very dangerous. Changes, which were brought about by natural processes, linked to evolution and the usual dynamics of places, are today suddenly and irreversibly caused by human activities. These changes prejudice sites and their features, and the resulting impact both direct and indirect, affects the economic, structural and social efficiency. Moreover, the changes do not allow the re-generation and renewability of the balance of urban and territorial systems.

The new study of Le Roc-aux-Sorciers rock shelter (Vienne), at the beginnings of the 1990s, played a leading role in the research dynamics of Upper Palaeolithic decorated shelters. Unlike most decorated caves, these sites give the opportunity to question the parietal images in association with habitat-like occupations, settled within the landscapes. This specific physical and archaeological context helps discussing diverse issues on these hunter-gatherers societies both from the social and cultural points of view: functions of decorated sites, social use of the images, groups mobility and territorial structuring. The study of sculpted friezes, such as that of Le Roc-aux-Sorciers or La Chaire-à-Calvin (Charente), has also seen the application of methodological and technical developments in Palaeolithic parietal art research, which were then efficiently applied to other sites such as Le Roc-de-Sers (Charente), Cap-Blanc (Dordogne) or Reverdit (Dordogne). In the framework of sets of large works in volume, new methods of data acquisition were sought and set up, like the 3D technologies since the 1990s. The aim of this article is to assess all of these contributions to research, preservation and heritage which attest to the important role of decorated shelters studies in Prehistoric research.

We conducted a multi-year acoustic telemetry study of lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush (Walbaum, 1792)) in a small subarctic lake to investigate depth and temperature occupancy, and vertical activity across seasons (summer, fall, and winter), diel periods (day, twilight, and night), and during summer periods of 24 h light (day and twilight). Analyses using generalized additive mixed models revealed a high degree of individual variation in depth occupancy independent of the factors hour of day, season, and diel period, whereas temperature occupancy and vertical activity were explained using the three combined factors. Habitats occupied were typically 9–20 m and 6–9.5 °C in summer, 1–3 m and 2–15 °C in fall during presumed spawning, and ≤6 m and

Copyright of Études Caribéennes is the property of Etudes Caribeennes and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Five nocturnal lemur species, including Avahi laniger, Daubentonia madagascariensis, Cheirogaleus major, Lepilemur mustelinus, and Microcebus lehilahytsara, which are all clas sified as threatened, are present within Mangabe Reserve. This study aims to understand their habitat use (ecology) and their behaviors. The habitat used (substrate size, forest cover, microhabitats, tree size according to the CBH and height of the animal above the ground) by lemurs was studied within a 100m2 plot where the animals were found along the transect (1000m). The animals' behavior were recorded during 30 minutes to an hour of animal survey. 58.6 % of A. laniger, M. lehilahytsara, C. major and L. mustelinus were frequently observed and living inside the forest. Their habitats vary according to the species: M. lehilahytsara frequents small supports, using a substrate between 0.5 to 5 meters above the ground (level 1); L. mustelinus prefer large and medium supports, occurring on level 2 substrate; C. major can be seen on large supports, approximating level 4 substrate and A. laniger use large supports on level 2 substrates. These species of nocturnal lemurs generally use all parts of the vegetative systems of the tree; the animal is found either inside or at the periphery of the tuft such that: A. laniger and L. mustelinus select the trunks at rest and during movement; C. major and M. lehilahytsara frequently localized on branches during food intake. Four types of behavior and reactions towards humans were marked during the study; their activities are: resting, moving, grooming and feeding. The duration of the common "rest" activity varies from 20 - 29 minutes for these four species. These lemurs have been placed in higher threat categories due to increased human pressure (Tavy) in the Protected Area. These assemblages are closely related to undisturbed forests, even those adapted to open areas, and the restoration of their forest habitats will be recommended for their survival. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

El presente trabajo intenta esbozar el contenido y alcance de los instrumentos de gestión urbana y sus objetivos a los fines de alcanzar el desarrollo urbano territorial respetando sus componentes población, esto es, la sociedad con sus necesidades, hábitos y cultura y ambiente, con sus posibilidades geofísica, para satisfacer las necesidades del hombre en sociedad y en un territorio determinado, de manera que se establezca un nivel de equilibrio entre la satisfacción de las necesidades actuales con las necesidades de las futuras de generaciones, en términos del aprovechamiento sostenible de los recursos; reconociendo a la urbanización desde una perspectiva holística, como el desarrollo físico y la construcción de la ciudad, con una mirada social, de respeto y promoción de los derechos humanos fundamentales; analizando la expropiación como el instrumento jurídico de gestión urbana que resulta útil al urbanismo a los fines de procurar la integración socio urbana, a partir de la ley argentina de regulación dominial para la integración socio urbana.

La dégradation et la fragmentation des milieux naturels par les activités humaines sont responsables de l’appauvrissement de la biodiversité. Les papillons de jour, espèces emblématiques des milieux naturels, ne sont pas épargnés. Des scientifiques d’Irstea ont étudié l’influence de l’organisation des paysages agricoles sur la distribution et la dispersion des papillons. Leurs travaux ont montré tout l’intérêt de préserver la connectivité écologique au sein de ces territoires. Néanmoins, d’autres facteurs, comme la qualité de l’habitat ou la composition du paysage, sont déterminants. Selon les espèces et les contextes paysagers, il convient donc de distinguer les situations où, parmi un panel d’actions envisageables, améliorer la connectivité est une solution pertinente.

Copyright of Bulletin de la Societe Zoologique de France is the property of Societe Zoologique de France and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Cette analyse porte sur la thématique des rapports entre habitat et habitant, spécifiquement en fonction du motif architectural, dans le roman Le Soleil du lac qui se couche (2001) de l’auteur franco-manitobain J.R. Léveillé. Roman d’apprentissage, l’histoire d’amour entre une jeune Métisse et un vieux poète japonais se déroule dans un espace caractérisé par le métissage culturel et marqué par des oppositions entre l’espace urbain et la grande nature, le masculin et le féminin, la culture et la nature. Inspirée par la philosophie syncrétiste de son amant et mentor, la protagoniste réussit à s’épanouir professionnellement et personnellement en situant sa propre culture métisse par rapport à d’autres traditions artistiques. Toujours est-il qu’une certaine ambivalence surgit dans le texte en ce qui concerne le rapport à la nature ainsi que le rapport à l’Autre.

International immigration confirms the cosmopolitan character of several metropolitan regions such as Montreal. The cultural, ethnic and religious diversity is obvious, but the residential concentrations are relatively limited. If immigration changes the host society, it also changes the city, and Montreal neighborhoods are noticeable examples. Spatial mobilities give new scales to residential spaces and notion of home. This situation leads to question the dimensions associated with the feeling of being at home, such as, among others, familiarity, attachment or identity to different places. To explore this issue, 38 semi-structured interviews were conducted in the greater Montreal with more and less qualified international immigrants (French, Haitian, North African, South American) aged 24 to 45 years. Geographical information about their residential integration as well as associated with residential experiences were collected. The in-depth description of immigration pathways reveals different figures of the city shared by immigrants: 1) transposition, 2) entrepreneurship, 3) exploration and 4) withdrawal. These figures allow us to reconsider certain neighborhoods in their springboard status. The diversified arrival area is an environmental resource that allows immigrants to project themselves into the metropolitan area according to their residential plans. These immigration hubs would benefit from being confirmed in their status by development and appropriate municipal services.

A few parts of some Renaissance beds have been preserved in France but not a single complete bed from the period starting in the middle of the fifteenth century and finishing at the beginning of the seventeenth has survived. Archival sources such as inventories after death, official reports, correspondence and contracts are consequently the only way of gaining some idea of what these beds looked like. But the terms used in these documents are far removed from present-day French. Based on archive documents (most of them already published) which primarily concern royal or princely interiors, this article proposes a decoding of the vocabulary pertaining to Renaissance beds. Beyond the polysemy of the word ‘bed’ itself, we look at the diversity of terms used to designate the bed frame, the textile elements and other elements constituting this piece of furniture for sleeping in.

En los últimos años, la incidencia de ataques por cocodrilos en Costa Rica, se han incrementado, lo cual está asociado al desarrollo de las actividades humanas en áreas consideradas como óptimas en lo que determinó como hábitat potencial de la especie. Dado lo anterior, la presente investigación plantea la identificación de zonas de interacción entre el cocodrilo y el ser humano a partir de la integración de variables físico-geográficas por medio de los Sistemas de Información Geográfica (SIG). De esta manera, se realizó una recopilación teórica para la identificación de las variables físico-geográficas que integran el hábitat del cocodrilo (pendiente, red de drenaje, áreas de inundación y coberturas de uso de la tierra), así como las variables socioambientales que influyen en la alteración y la pérdida del hábitat de la especie (cantidad de poblados, densidad de población, densidad de caminos, y coberturas de uso de la tierra). Así mismo, se integraron los registros de casos con cocodrilos atendidos por el cuerpo de bomberos. Se logró evidenciar que la mayoría de incidentes se presentan en zonas con una alta interacción (áreas adonde se realizan una amplia varie- dad de actividades antrópicas), dentro del hábitat potencial de este reptil. Adicionalmente, los resultados obtenidos en la investigación constituyen un insumo importante en la toma de decisiones a nivel de política y ordenamiento territorial en la Región Pacífico Central, ya que en esta zona el turismo es una de las principales actividades económicas que puede llegar a ser amenazada por un ataque de ésta especie.

INTRODUCTION: Freshwater vector snails' distribution, infection with cercariae, preferred habitat and possible trematodiases transmission foci is not well known in Western Kenya. We sought to determine the distribution and prevalence of infection of snails per agro-ecological zone and environmental factors in vector snail habitats. METHODS: we conducted a cross-sectional survey in March-May 2016, harvested and identified snails using shell morphology, determined their infection with trematode cercariae using microscopy, used descriptive statistics to estimate the prevalence of infection and relationship between snail abundance and environmental factors. RESULTS: we sampled a total of 1,678 vector snails from 47 sampling sites of which 42% were Lymnaeid, 23% Biomphalaria, 10% Bulinus, 22% Oncomelaniae and 2% Melanoides. Lower Midland I Ago-Ecological Zones had 44% of the snails and streams from springs had 41% of the snails. Overall, 26.5% (445/1678) (95% CI: 24.4-28.6) of the snails shed cercariae. Cercariae were found in 11 (23%) of the sites and in all zones. F. gigantica cercariae were shed by L. natalensis, B. pfeifferi, B. sudanica. Lakeshore had both F. gigantica and S. mansoni cercariae shed by B. sudanica. A total of 72% (1,202/1,678) of snails were found in water with a pH 6.5-7.5. Grass habitat had 54% (912/1,678) of the snails. CONCLUSION: lymnaeid snails were present in all the zones, while streams from springs and near neutral habitats had most of the snails. Infection with trematode cercariae was noted in all the zones. Trematodiases control should be focused on all zones especially in freshwater streams and lakeshores.

Households’ residential choices partially explain urban sprawl and its related issues, but the reasons for these choices are rarely analyzed through to the reality of residential facilities. To better understand these reasons, we propose to synthesize the offer of residential facilities into two antagonistic housing/environment dyads: individual housing in periurban area (T1) and collective housing in the city center or its near periphery (T2). We then confront these dyads to an alternative hypothesis, which associates the characteristics of individual habitat with those of urban centers, according to an innovative and relatively unprecedented architectural typology (T3). A photo-elicitation survey then confronts 650 respondents to these three housing/environment possibilities, and to the associated mobility practices. The survey aims to identify the determinants of residential choice (individual or collective housing, central or periurban spaces), to define the cognitive dimension expressed for each of these components, to identify links between the socio-professional characteristics of individuals, their housing preferences and their current mobility practices, and to evaluate the housing alternatives in terms of built typologies and geographical location. The results confirm the hypothesis that residential demand is mainly focused on individual housing in town centers or in their near periphery (T3). They invite to enlarge the classical analysis of urban spaces, by explicitly integrating a typo-morphology of built-up areas and mobility as a determinant of residential choice.

The identification and characterization of ecological networks appear to be an important issue for the territory managers, as part of the constitution of green and blue infrastructures. These are a major tool to mitigate landscape fragmentation processes, which affect the circulation and life cycle of both animal and plant species. However, there is no one, single method to determine ecological networks as these are identified using several methods that are rarely compare with each other. The purpose of this article is to compare two approaches of identification and characterization of an ecological network, commonly used in the study of the Regional Natural Park of the Ardennes. The first approach, called "habitat", can be described as structural. It relies on the analysis of land-use data through visual interpretation, based on an evaluation and notation of all the landscape features depending on their ecological qualities. The second, known as environmental permeability or species dispersion, is functional since it simulates the potential displacements of indicator species from the biodiversity reservoirs. The aim is to show that the two approaches can be complementary when it comes to identification of the ecological network of a territory, and to compensate for the different biases that they can present individually. The adoption of these two approaches offers the possibility of having tools adjusted to the management goals (search for corridors for a given species, precise diagnosis of an area), but also proposes documents that are comprehensible to the stakeholders.

This essay examines Jocelyn Brooke’s approach to Kentish and Italian landscapes in two autobiographical narratives, The Military Orchid (1948) and The Dog at Clambercrown (1955), which map a geography of the self and embody the cross-fertilisation of an inner landscape and the topography of a region. Brooke’s writing is rooted in rural East Kent, a place experienced physically and imaginatively from childhood as his preferred habitat. Its landscapes are thus presented as lived-in environment rather than as objects of visual contemplation. In contrast, the Italian landscapes of adulthood are initially described pictorially. Over time, however, the evocation of Kentish and Italian landscapes alters from the elation of the earlier work to the prevailing dysphoric mode of the later one. Brooke’s cultivation of the unpicturesque and emphasis on negative impressions, beyond expressing an inner state, manifest a self-conscious discarding of the descriptive excesses of his adolescent writings.