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L’arrivée des méga-événements à Rio de Janeiro, au Brésil, a fondamentalement modifié les dynamiques de la ville. En effet, la mise en place des politiques de pacification a eu un impact à différents niveaux, notamment sur les problèmes de disparité sociale déjà existants. Ainsi, ce travail analysera les divers impacts de ces politiques en se focalisant sur les différentes phases du processus de pacification. Il conviendra de prendre en compte les acteurs politiques de Rio de Janeiro, les habitants des favelas ainsi que les touristes arrivés en masse lors de la Coupe du Monde 2014 et les Jeux Olympiques de 2016. Master [120] en sciences politiques, orientation relations internationales, Université catholique de Louvain, 2017

To assess the functional impact of the severity of dry eye on the quality of vision by measuring an Objective Scatter Index (OSI) using double pass aberrometry.Twenty-eight patients (56 eyes) with dry eye syndromes of varying severity participated in this study. A double-pass aberrometer was used to measure the dynamic changes in the OSI for 20 seconds. The mean and standard deviations of the OSI and the number of blinks occurring during the examination were compared as a function of the clinical severity of dry eye disease.The mean OSI increased with the severity of dry eye syndrome with a significant difference for stages 3 (P0.01) and 4 (P0.001) compared to stages 1 and 2, without a significant difference based on age (P0.8) or visual acuity (P0.2). Standard deviation of the OSI also increased with the severity of dry eye disease, with a significant difference for stages 3 (P0.01) and 4 (P0.0001) compared to stages 1 and 2, with no significant increase in the number of blinks (P0.2). The values of the OSI standard deviation represented the dynamic nature of aberrometric changes related to the instability of the tear film.Quality of vision of patients deteriorated in relation to the severity of their dry eye. The analysis of OSI standard deviation appears to be an objective way to assess the intensity of subjective visual disturbances reported by patients with dry eye syndrome. It also provides a new tool to assess the severity of damage to the ocular surface.

The efficiency of contraception is linked to the method and the patient's compliance. The advice given by the physician about contraception use is essential to avoid unintended pregnancy. The accuracy of contraceptive choice and the individualized adaptation over time contribute to safe contraception.

Cerebral ventriculomegaly and hydrocephalus are not frequently associated with endocrine disorders of the gonadotropic axis. The mechanism of this association is not clarified. The most probable cause is however a partial hypothalamic dysfunction. The examination of the few reported cases is in favour of this explanation. We present the case of a young woman with a cerebral ventriculomegaly and suffering from secondary amenorrhea. Shunt was not necessary from the neurological point of view, the problem of secondary amenorrhea and anovulatory infertility was solved by clomiphen citrate therapy.

Habay C. Orientation professionnelle des garçons épileptiques. In: Bulletin de psychologie, tome 11 n°141-142, 1958. pp. 196-199.