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Résumé: Cette étude vise à comprendre comment l’empowerment administratif peut contribuer à l’innovation pédagogique à l’université algérienne. L’empowerment administratif, un processus qui pourvoie les enseignants d’un pouvoir et d’un contrôle sur leur travail. Il pourra leur permettre d’innover les curriculums et les méthodes pédagogiques. L’étude a été menée auprès des enseignants du Sud et de l’Ouest de l’Algérie. Elle a utilisé un questionnaire pour examiner quatre dimensions de l’empowerment : l’autonomie, la communication, la motivation et la reconnaissance. Les résultats de l’étude suggèrent que c’est la reconnaissance de l’effort de l’enseignant qui a un impact significatif sur l’innovation pédagogique. Mots-clés : Empowerment administratif ; innovation ; université ; enseignant ; autonomie

Resumo Este artigo recorre ao quadro analítico da área de Estudos Sociais da Ciência e Tecnologia. Pretende-se preencher uma lacuna na literatura, observando o assunto caso a caso, entre fatos principalmente brasileiros, ao mesmo tempo que se relacionam esses dados com a literatura internacional sobre o tema dos Institutos Confúcio e da Mobilidade Estudantil Internacional. Este estudo é um tema inédito e recente na área de Mobilidade Estudantil Internacional, que pode contribuir não apenas para as atividades de extensão das universidades brasileiras, mas também para o aprimoramento das relações diplomáticas entre Brasil e China e para projetos de extensão universitária com enfoque interdisciplinar com foco na América Latina. Metodologicamente, desenvolveu-se uma perspectiva qualitativa mas também quantitativa, considerando mapas bibliométricos para estudos interdisciplinares, que podem contribuir para perspectivas futuras, especialmente na área de Ciência, Tecnologia e Sociedade.

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to determine the influence of new media in boosting the success of the teaching process in Algerian schools, as perceived by Tebessa's primary school teachers. To provide evidences, we used a descriptive method with a questionnaire as the main instrument to collect data from a sample of more than 50 teachers. The data analysis revealed three significant findings: the first is that Tebessa's teaching staff is still not trained to effectively use new media and computer software to improve teaching and learning processes. The second and third are related to the administration's unwillingness to support the use of new media to communicate with learners' fathers and teachers in order to contribute to the development of the teaching-learning process. Keywords: new media; primary school teacher; teaching process; Algerian school.

Este artigo objetiva discutir o lugar da linguagem escrita na educação infantil a partir de olhares plurais de profissionais que atuam nessa área. Apresenta diversas perspectivas teóricas e práticas que têm contribuído para o debate em torno dessa dimensão da aprendizagem. Referencia-se em dados empíricos de uma pesquisa que utilizou a exibição de filmes sobre a prática cotidiana de instituições de educação infantil de diferentes culturas (Brasil e Dinamarca) e sua discussão em grupos focais formados por diferentes perfis. As análises se organizam em torno de quatro temas: a atividade de compor o nome e o papel da professora; a organização do ambiente educativo, modelos de escola e pedagogias; o lugar do letramento na educação infantil; e as condições objetivas para uma prática de qualidade

O artigo pretende abordar os impactos ocasionados por alagamentos no município de São Paulo no século XVIII, a partir de 1750. Nossa discussão busca expor as reações do poder local à dinâmica hidrológica da região em um momento anterior às severas intervenções que ocorreriam nos séculos seguintes. Identificamos, no período investigado, dezessete ocasiões em que a Câmara Municipal de São Paulo se viu compelida a tomar medidas para mitigar os efeitos danosos do acúmulo de águas pluviais, cheias de rios ou escoamento excessivo a partir de estruturas edificadas como fontes, aquedutos e diques. A documentação demonstra a recorrência tanto dos mesmos tipos de problemas causados pelas águas quanto das formas de enfrentamento adotadas pela Câmara, que, via de regra, só conseguiu agir reativamente, determinando apenas a realização de obras de reparo. Argumentamos que esse emprego muito comedido das possibilidades de intervenção técnica reflete, por um lado, os limites do poder local, e, por outro, as prioridades do próprio conhecimento colonial e do quadro de relações possíveis entre sociedade e natureza que ele determina.

The objective of the article is to analyze the new stylized facts related to the Tunisian revolution (loss of competitiveness, deindustrialization and reallocation of employment between sectors) which affected private manufacturing industries, more particularly those located in the coastal region. Based on the regional growth model, we identify the determinants of the (decrease) increase of manufacturing employment in the Tunisian coastal region using an unbalanced panel of 14 sectors spread over 150 delegations of 12 coastal governorates. The results show that industrial specialization, the initial size of establishments, the initial size of delegations, the average salary, the proportion of the population aged 10 years and over with a primary level have a negative effect on employment growth. In contrast, industrial diversity is a factor in employment growth. A delegation endowed with a qualified workforce stimulates its growth. The results also show that a phenomenon of job reallocation determines the growth of sectors. Finally, a process of regional convergence was recorded in the delegations of the Center-East as well as a remarkable effect of the decentralization policies on the growth of the delegations of the governorate of Zaghouan and Manouba.

Abstract In this article, we study historical and astronomical works published between 1680 and 1690 by Diego Andrés Rocha, oidor of the Royal Audience of Lima, and the Creole intellectual Carlos de Sigüenza y Góngora, viceregal cosmographer of New Spain. We contend that for these Spanish American colonial authors, history writing and the knowledge of celestial phenomena were inextricably linked within a shared epistemic framework. Astronomy and astrology provided them with a foundation for reasoning, judging the weight of disparate evidence, and establishing the legitimacy of competing claims related to the chronology of the New World, especially regarding theories about the ancient origins of the Indians. We show how the mobilization of astral knowledge in the establishment of local chronologies offered an answer to politically charged questions about the place of the Americas in the universal history of empire and Christian redemption, as well as the authors’ own place in their respective colonial societies.

A escrita narrativa de professoras e professores tem ocupado, com grande frequência, espaço nos debates e estudos da comunidade acadêmica do campo educacional. Entre diferentes discussões metodológicas e epistemológicas acerca de seus usos, limites e potencialidades, uma constância: o gênero narrativo parece ter ocupado um importante e definitivo espaço de diálogo e intercâmbio entre a comunidade acadêmica e da Educação Básica. Narram professores e professoras, em diferentes contextos e momentos, dando visibilidade a fragmentos cotidianos, nem sempre vistos e percebidos por outras frestas, que não a da narrativa de quem vive.

Este artigo apresenta resultado de pesquisa de Doutorado e tem como tema a formação docente. Tomamos como eixo reflexivo oito narrativas, tecidas durante a atuação da professora-pesquisadora em uma escola pública municipal. A pesquisa narrativa (auto)biográfica foi condutora de toda a investigação e utilizada como fonte de dados, como recurso literário e como modo de produção de conhecimento. O caminho metodológico foi marcado pela escrita das próprias experiências vividas, sobre as quais nos debruçamos na tentativa de localizar, nas palavras da professora, os eventos que se anunciam como dramáticos. Buscamos, ainda, os sinais e os indícios de aprendizado diante desses eventos, de modo a relacionar tais vivências ao possível desenvolvimento da personalidade consciente da professora. Assim, ancoramo-nos na teoria histórico-cultural e na noção do drama vigotskiano, que teve lugar central na produção e na compreensão das narrativas. O paradigma indiciário, desenvolvido por Carlo Ginzburg, contribuiu para a organização do material empírico a fim de buscarmos os sinais e os indícios que se revelaram nas narrativas. Dentre os achados da pesquisa, destacamos a compreensão de que o drama é direcionador do desenvolvimento e que a professora, ao narrar o que vive, expressa as tensões do cotidiano e de suas condições sociais e culturais em busca de superação, adaptação e possibilidades outras em seu permanente processo de formação.

Our study explores video games as ludo-educating supports which allow us to develop skills in informal learning. We interviewed a population composed of 111 Algerian college students on their attitudes as related to reflexivity, digital skills and their ability to transpose the know-how acquired by playing in social attitudes. The results of our study show that there is a very strong relationship between games and reflexive thinking. However, our study reveals that the students do not transpose their virtual skills into daily life.

Alkali-activation materials (AAM) have been used to produce inorganic cements for over a century, as a means of valorizing wastes or industrial by-products derived from different commercial activities. Due to their potential benefits, research focused on its application as soil stabilizers. Among AAM, olivine was mentioned as the most influential one. Therefore, the current study reviews the potential application of olivine in geotechnical engineering by considering its application for sand movements mitigation due to wind erosion. However, in order to obtain the environmental aims, it is essential to use activators that were produced cleanly and sustainably in which two various activators have been used. The results of the present study indicated the unconfined compressive strength (UCS) increment of soil samples treated using NaOH compared to KOH by the rate of 47 to 60% after 28 days. Moreover, raising the percentage of olivine by the rate of 2, resulted in the UCS of samples to be increased by more than 70%, while all the treated samples showed 100% protection to wind erosion. Hence, due to the regulations of the Department of the Environment by minimum strength of the stabilizers to be more than 200 kPa, the application of olivine was recommended to combat wind erosion.

Introduction. COVID-19 is the pandemic of the century with the unusual circumstances it generated. Subsequently, there has been medical and human scarcity of resources leading to the health system collapse, especially in third world countries. Objective. To support the white army in grasping the pandemic behavior, several studies have pointed to the existence of patient-related factors affecting COVID-19 patients’ mortality-risk. In the current study, Artificial Neural Network (ANN) has been employed to predict COVID-19 mortality. Material and methods. In particular, the modeling phase was done using a database of 684 samples collected from Mohamed Seddik Ben Yahia Hospital of Jijel, with antecedent diseases and blood biomarkers data of patients. Firstly, 18 parameters were selected in the input layer based on the literature recommendation and expert medical team consultation. Furthermore, the optimal inputs have been modeled using the ANN, and their performance was assessed through four performance measures (sensitivity, specificity, precision, and accuracy). Results. The comparative study proved the effectiveness of (18-12-2) model trained by Tansig transfer function, which displayed a higher performance in predicting COVID-19 mortality, compared to other models proposed in the literature. Afterward, the proposed optimal model was utilized to develop a GUI public interface by Matlab software. Conclusion. Finally, a reliable and easy-to-use graphical interface is generated in the current study dubbed “CoviSurv2021”. This latter will be very helpful for the medical staff to select priority patients who have upper urgency to be hospitalized, prioritize patients when the hospital is overcrowded, and gain time to provide the care needed.

comparative literature, as an institutional discipline, is defined by the need to work on foreign works. This very necessity is questioned here. Creating and commenting on a relationship between texts, even when there is none, is a way of creating a “possible text”, which is a new definition of the traditional French notion of “comparative fact”.

In this work, an experimental study of the effect of dust on the operation of photovoltaic solar panels was conducted in the Hodna region. For this, a monocrystalline type of solar panel was tested with a power of 100W. A quantity of dust was scattered for the first tests during the month of March 2022, then the voltage and current were measured. The second tests were conducted under outdoor M’sila conditions for two months. The results obtained show that the accumulation of dust on the surface of the panels reduces the passage of solar radiation on the one hand, and leads to a rise in the temperature of the panels on the other hand, which reduces the energy produced by the photovoltaic system. Therefore, periodic cleaning of photovoltaic solar panels is necessary.

In this study, the capacity of biochars, derived from the pyrolysis of tannery fleshing waste (TFW) at 400 °C; 500 °C and 600 °C, in removal of red dye Sella Fast Red (SFR) from aqueous solutions and tannery wastewater was investigated under various experimental conditions in batch mode. Results show that for all applied biochars, the removed kinetics data were well fitted by the pseudo-second-order model, and the equilibrium state was obtained after 240 min of contact time. For an aqueous pH of 6 and a red dye concentration of 75 mg${\cdot }$L$^{-1}$, the removed amounts increased from 26 mg${\cdot }$g$^{-1}$ to 39.86 mg${\cdot }$g$^{-1}$ when the used pyrolysis temperature was increased from 400 °C to 600 °C. Moreover, SFR adsorption data at equilibrium were well fitted by Langmuir model suggesting a probable monolayer adsorption process with a maximal removal capacity of 62.7 mg${\cdot }$g$^{-1}$ for BTFW-600 °C. The thermodynamic study demonstrated that SFR adsorption was endothermic for the three tested biochars. Desorption experiments with distilled water proved that SFR was significantly desorbed from the tested biochars, which offers possible reusability. On the other hand, BTFW-600 °C has demonstrated an important ability in removing SFR from real wastewater since only one dosage of 15 g${\cdot }$L$^{-1}$ was enough to ensure more than 97% of dye removal. According to pH$_{\mathrm{ZC}}$ and FTIR analysis, the possible mechanism toward SFR dye removal was attributed to electrostatic interactions that occurred between biochar and functional groups of SFR. This work could provide guidance for the value-added utilization of tannery solid waste and a practical way to remove dyes from tannery wastewater.

La metáfora es una herramienta poderosa de innovación, de generación de términos y de conceptualización especializada en el discurso científico. En este estudio, se analiza la metáfora subyacente en el neologismo «carbon capture and sequestration» en el subdominio del cambio climático desde el punto de vista de la teoría de la terminología basada en marcos. Se trata de un estudio de caso basado en un corpus inglés-árabe. Los resultados comparan el modelo metafórico del neologismo construido originariamente en inglés y su equivalente creado en árabe a través de un proceso de traducción que implica el trasvase de su marco metafórico.

Reseña

IntroductionLa présente étude avait pour objectifs d’explorer dans quelle mesure les adolescents ont adopté des mesures préventives contre la COVID-19 au cours des premiers mois de la pandémie et de comprendre leur adoption par l’examen de facteurs indépendants liés à l’adoption et par la détermination de la puissance de ces facteurs, en particulier parmi les sous-groupes qui ne sont pas censés être les premiers à adopter de telles mesures. MéthodesLes analyses portent sur des données recueillies au printemps 2020 auprès de 29 écoles secondaires de l’est du Québec qui ont participé à l’étude COMPASS. Les participants (n = 6 052) ont déclaré eux-mêmes leurs connaissances, leur perception du risque et les pratiques de prévention à adopter dans le contexte de la pandémie de COVID-19. Les données ont été analysées à l’aide de modèles d’équation structurelle fondés sur le sexe et le niveau d’anxiété. RésultatsLa majorité des répondants ont déclaré avoir adopté les mesures préventives recommandées contre la COVID-19. Les résultats ont montré trois voies menant à l’adoption de ces mesures par les adolescents : les connaissances sur la pandémie, la perception du risque lié à la COVID-19 et, en particulier, les discussions avec les proches au sujet des mesures préventives et de ce qu’il faut faire en cas d’infection. ConclusionMême si la plupart des participants adolescents à cette étude ont semblé se conformer aux mesures préventives contre la COVID-19, des facteurs comme les discussions avec les proches émergent en tant qu’éléments à favoriser pour améliorer l’adoption des mesures préventives par les adolescents.

By comparing the academic processes of immigrant groups, this review aimed to explore the impact of immigration status and cultural backgrounds on academic achievement. By exploring acculturation, parental expectations, self-efficacy, goal adjustment, motivation, and control beliefs of university students, the constructs best correlated to academic achievement were explored. In investigating first, second, and third-generation immigrant groups, many contrasts were evident amongst these groups. It was found that not only do these groups differ in their academic achievements, but these groups are unique from one another in key areas. This article specifically explores the differences in constructs amongst immigrant groups with an analysis provided to highlight existing results of quantitative comparisons supplementing the literature.

This article explores the relationship between Bram Stoker’s Dracula, and its influence on video game narratives. Video game sales have increased significantly since the beginning of the Covid-19 pandemic. The influence of Stoker’s Dracula and the narratives of vampire and pandemic video games is important, since some popular games are explicitly centred around pandemics and vampires, and are being played during the Covid-19 pandemic. The article explores the historical connection between epidemics and the vampire myth, and how that influenced the narrative of Dracula, especially the connection between the influence of cholera and his upbringing in Ireland. It then examines how the narrative has been influential in video game narratives. Finally, the article touches on how video games with pandemic themes may be used by a player to find a sense of control, explore difficult narratives in a structured environment, and explore various points of view and catharsis.

L’abeille constitue un élément indispensable de l’équilibre environnemental en tant que pollinisateur de très nombreuses espèces. La Loque américaine constitue une pathologie grave qui menace les colonies d’abeilles. Elle est considérée comme étant la maladie la plus néfaste du couvain de l’abeille domestique Apis mellifera. Les spores représentent le stade infectieux. La pathologie est causée par la bactérie Paenibacillus larvae. L’objectif de ce travail est l’étude de la prévalence de cette pathologie dans quelques régions du centre d’Algérie, en utilisant des méthodes de diagnostic microbiologiques et moléculaires. La recherche d’une possible influence de cette pathologie sur les mortalités des ruches est l’un des objectifs recherchés de ce travail. Un échantillonnage a été effectué sur 6 wilayas à la fin du 2019, 100 prélèvements ont été réalisés dans l’ensemble des régions étudiées sur 24 ruchers dont 4 ruchers par région. Une méthode de diagnostic microbiologique et une autre moléculaire par PCR1 ont été utilisés pour la détermination de la contamination des abeilles par la bactérie. L’analyse des résultats obtenus montre que la bactérie est présente dans les cinq zones étudiées, mais les populations d’abeilles sont infestées à divers niveaux. Nombreux sont les facteurs qui favorisent la dissémination de la pathologie tels que les mauvaises pratiques apicoles, la forte densité des colonies d’abeilles, la vente des essaims etla transhumance. Le caractère hautement pathogène de cette maladie et l’incapacité de la dépister précocement sont en partie responsables de sa large diffusion.

Ultrafast single-particle imaging with intense x-ray pulses from free-electron laser sources provides a new approach for visualizing structure and dynamics on the nanoscale. After a short introduction to the novel free-electron laser sources and methods, we highlight selected applications and discuss how ultrafast imaging flourishes from method development to early applications in physics and biology to opportunities for chemical sciences.

Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a global public health issue. HIV has been nationally notifiable in Canada since 1985. The Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC) monitors trends in new HIV diagnoses. Objectives: The objective of this surveillance report is to provide an overview of the epidemiology of reported HIV cases in 2019 in Canada. The report highlights 10-year trends (2010–2019). Data on HIV diagnosed through Immigration Medical Exams (IME) and trends in perinatal transmission of HIV are also presented. Methods: PHAC monitors HIV through the HIV/AIDS Surveillance System, a passive, case-based system that collates non-nominal data submitted voluntarily by all Canadian provinces and territories. Descriptive analyses were conducted on national data. IME data were obtained from Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC), and data on HIV-exposed pregnancies were obtained through the Canadian Perinatal HIV Surveillance Program. Results: In 2019, a total of 2,122 HIV diagnoses were reported in Canada (5.6 per 100,000 population). Saskatchewan reported the highest provincial diagnosis rate at 16.9 per 100,000 population. The 30 to 39-year age group had the highest HIV diagnosis rate at 12.7 per 100,000 population. While the rates for both males and females fluctuated in the past decade, since 2010 the rates among males decreased overall, while the rate among females increased slightly. As in previous years, the diagnosis rate for males in 2019 was higher than that for females (7.9 versus 3.4 per 100,000 population, respectively). The highest proportion of all reported adult cases with known exposure were gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (gbMSM, 39.7%), followed by cases attributed to heterosexual contact (28.3%) and among people who inject drugs (PWID, 21.5%). The number of migrants who tested positive for HIV during an IME conducted in Canada was 626. The one documented perinatal HIV transmission related to a mother who had not received antepartum or intrapartum antiretroviral therapy prophylaxis. Conclusion: The number and rate of reported HIV cases in Canada has remained relatively stable over the last decade, with minor year-to-year variations. As in previous years, the gbMSM and PWID populations represent a high proportion of HIV diagnoses, although a sizable number of cases were attributed to heterosexual contact. It is important to routinely monitor trends in HIV in light of pan-Canadian commitments to reduce the health impact of sexually transmitted and blood-borne infections by 2030.

Contexte : Le virus de l’immunodéficience humaine (VIH) est un problème de santé publique mondial. Au Canada, le VIH doit être déclaré au niveau national depuis 1985. L’Agence de la santé publique du Canada (l’Agence) surveille les tendances des nouveaux diagnostics de VIH. Objectifs : L’objectif de ce rapport de surveillance est de donner un aperçu de l’épidémiologie des cas de VIH déclarés en 2019 au Canada. Le rapport met en évidence les tendances sur 10 ans (2010 à 2019). Des données sur les diagnostics de VIH établis lors des examens médicaux aux fins de l’immigration et les tendances en matière de transmission périnatale du VIH sont également présentées. Méthodes : L’Agence surveille le VIH au moyen du système national de surveillance du VIH/sida, un système passif fondé sur les cas qui recueille des données non nominatives soumises volontairement par toutes les provinces et tous les territoires canadiens. Des analyses épidémiologiques descriptives ont été effectuées sur les données nationales. Les données des examens médicaux aux fins de l’immigration ont été obtenues auprès d’Immigration, Réfugiés et Citoyenneté Canada, et les données sur les grossesses exposées au VIH ont été obtenues par l’entremise du Programme de surveillance périnatale du VIH au Canada. Résultats : En 2019, 2 122 diagnostics de VIH ont été signalés au Canada (5,6 pour 100 000 habitants). La Saskatchewan a enregistré le taux de diagnostic provincial le plus élevé, soit 16,9 pour 100 000 habitants. Le groupe des 30 à 39 ans a présenté le taux le plus élevé de diagnostic du VIH, soit 12,7 pour 100 000 habitants. Alors que les taux pour les hommes et les femmes ont fluctué au cours de la dernière décennie, depuis 2010, les taux chez les hommes ont globalement diminué, tandis que le taux chez les femmes a légèrement augmenté. Comme les années précédentes, le taux de diagnostic chez les hommes en 2019 était plus élevé que chez les femmes (7,9 contre 3,4 pour 100 000 habitants, respectivement). La proportion la plus élevée de tous les cas d’adultes signalés ayant une exposition connue était celle des gais, bisexuels et autres hommes ayant des rapports sexuels avec des hommes (gbHARSAH, 39,7 %), suivie des cas attribués à des contacts hétérosexuels (28,3 %) et parmi les utilisateurs de drogues par injection (UDI, 21,5%). Le nombre de migrants qui se sont révélés séropositifs au VIH lors d’un examen médical aux fins de l’immigration effectué au Canada était de 626. Le seul cas documenté de transmission du VIH durant la période périnatale concernait une mère qui n’avait pas reçu de traitement antirétroviral prophylactique antepartum ou intrapartum. Conclusion : Le nombre et le taux de cas de VIH déclarés au Canada sont restés relativement stables au cours de la dernière décennie, avec des variations mineures d’une année à l’autre. Comme les années précédentes, les hommes gbHARSAH et les utilisateurs de drogues par injection représentent une proportion élevée des diagnostics de VIH, bien qu’un nombre important de cas ait été attribué à des contacts hétérosexuels. Il est important de surveiller régulièrement les tendances en matière de VIH en lien avec les engagements pancanadiens visant à réduire les répercussions sur la santé des infections transmissibles sexuellement et par le sang d’ici 2030.

The wetland environments of the plain of Martil are located in an urban area in the Tetouan region (Northern Morocco); they provide wildlife a place to live and are important for migratory birds as they travel from nesting to wintering sites. The objective of this study is to monitor the avifauna population that frequents these ecosystems. The study duration is from January 2021 to June 2022. The survey methods are the point count and visual identification, using appropriate visual equipment and according to an ornithological guide. The avifauna recorded encompasses a total of 93 bird species and 33 families. A variety of wintering, migratory, and breeding species were identified. The population includes several species of special conservation concern, such as endemic species, heritage species, species in decline, vulnerable species, endangered species and species at risk of extinction, in Morocco, in the Maghreb or in Europe. These ornithological findings underscore the significance of preserving and restoring these urban wetland environments. However, these ecosystems face a range of pressures, including urban development, climate change and anthropogenic activities.

The major issue that prevails all over the world is potable water. Only 1% of all Earth’s water exists as liquid, whereas less than 3% as freshwater, mostly glaciers, and 97% as salt water. Desalination is the process of removing salt from sea water in order to obtain fresh water. Nowadays, scientists are exploring seawater desalination for potable water. Another key concern that exists in any country is clean energy. The energy crisis is due to overconsumption of fossil fuels such as oil, gas, and coal. Engineers try various sources of renewable energy. The cost of potable water and clean energy, say, the cost pertaining to capital, operation, maintenance, performance, and fuel, has increased year after year. The technologies for generating renewable energy, like solar and wind, do not have fuel costs. Modern desalination techniques incur a high initial investment and a higher maintenance cost. The life-cycle cost per litre of potable water generated by the solar stills is lower than that of conventional methods. The most cost-effective way to power desalination plants is with solar power. Seawater desalination with the use of solar power is employed in these regions as a viable alternative solution. Jordan is a country in western Asia. Water and energy sources are scarce in Jordan, with water availability in Jordan is estimated to be less than 100 m3 per year. Jordan imports 95% of its energy needs. Jordan plans to generate 14% of the country’s electricity by utilizing wind and solar energy. The use of solar stills in Jordan can reduce the dependency on oil and gas for power generation. The use of floating solar stills for seawater desalination represents a promising tool for Jordan. Solar stills work on the evaporation and condensation processes. They distil water by using the heat of the sun. Efficiency and productivity have been measured to quantify the performance of solar stills. Solar stills have the advantages of simplicity, low cost, ease of maintenance, and low environmental impact. In this paper, an attempt is made to analyze the types, materials, components, design, performance, cost, benefits, advantages, and limitations of solar stills. The paper also discussed the reduction of the effective cost of seawater desalination using floated solar energy in Jordan's Aqaba Port.

The genetic diversity in local Tunisian watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) was studied using RAPD markers. Eight watermelon cultivars originating from south of Tunisia and belong to four populations were analysed and compared to two commercial varieties (Giza and Sugar-baby) widely produced in this area. Five of nine RAPD primers generated a total of 86 reproducible bands, 85 of which were polymorphic (98.4%). Cluster analysis of the accessions considered in this study employing RAPD data indicated that commercial varieties are significantly different of all the local cultivars. The relationships among the local cultivars (four populations) showed that Medenine population and the most genotypes of Benguerdane population were grouped together and significantly different from Kebili population. The AMOVA showed significant differentiation between populations (27%). In addition, the data showed clusters according to some fruit characteristics such as fruit shape and fruit weight. This proved that RAPD markers are useful for germplasm discrimination as well as for investigation of patterns of variation in watermelon.

IntroductionThe objectives of this study were to explore the extent to which adolescents adopted COVID-19 preventive measures in the first few months of the pandemic and to understand their adoption by looking at interconnected adoption-related factors and determining the strength of these factors, particularly among subgroups not expected to be early adopters. MethodsAnalyses focus on data collected during Spring 2020 from 29 eastern Quebec secondary schools that participated in the COMPASS study. Participants (n = 6052) self-reported their knowledge, perception of risk and preventive practices to do with the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were analyzed using structural equation models based on gender and anxiety level. ResultsThe majority of respondents reported adopting the recommended COVID-19 preventive measures. The results showed three paths leading to adolescents’ adoption of these measures: pandemic knowledge; perception of risk related to COVID-19; and, in particular, discussions with relatives about preventive measures and what to do in case of infection. ConclusionWhile most of the adolescent participants in this study appeared to comply with COVID-19 preventive measures, factors such as discussions with relatives emerge as elements to foster in order to improve adolescents’ adoption of preventive measures.

O presente trabalho analisou, sob a perspectiva econômica da concretização do direito à saúde, o Projeto de Lei dos Planos de Saúde Acessíveis (PL n. 7.419/2006), apensado ao projeto geral de reforma da Lei n. 9.656/1998, desenvolvido pelo Ministério da Saúde em 2016 e atualmente em tramitação na Câmara dos Deputados. Para isso, os documentos oficiais da proposta foram analisados à luz de suas justificativas econômicas e da amplitude do acesso a serviços. As principais diretrizes do projeto, destacando-se os novos modelos de planos, evidenciam a criação de entraves burocráticos à realização de procedimentos, além da flexibilização do rol de cobertura dos planos de acordo com a infraestrutura local, em desacordo com a cobertura mínima prevista na regulação atual. A proposta favorece economicamente as operadoras de planos de saúde ao estabelecer a coparticipação de 50% e o reajuste conforme tabela de custos. Além disso, na prática, o projeto apresenta um duplo prejuízo: ao beneficiário, que arca com os custos do plano e, no momento de maior necessidade, de procedimentos de urgência ou de maior complexidade por não estar amparado pela cobertura; e ao sistema público, que deve suprir as deficiências da cobertura privada, o que, em um momento de maior demanda e recursos limitados, pode levá-lo à sobrecarga.

RESUMO Este ensaio examina a perspectiva político-pedagógica emancipatória adotada por Paulo Freire com respeito à educação de adultos, válida tanto às experiências desenvolvidas nos espaços extraescolares por ação da sociedade civil quanto às práticas formativas que têm lugar nas escolas por iniciativas governamentais. O artigo investiga parte da obra do autor para sublinhar as principais características da educação popular de adultos e recorre à biografia e à história da educação entre as décadas de 1950 e 1990 para evidenciar a contribuição do pensamento e da práxis de Freire no alargamento dos direitos educativos e nas políticas públicas de educação de jovens e adultos no Brasil.

RESUMO Fruto de pesquisa cujo objetivo foi contribuir para a ampliação de referências teóricas no campo da Educação Popular de Jovens e Adultos no Brasil, o artigo expõe de modo sintético a biografia e as principais ideias pedagógicas do pastor, historiador e filósofo dinamarquês Nicolaj Frederik Severin Grundtvig (1783-1872), cujo pensamento educacional inovador deu origem ao movimento das escolas populares de adultos nos países escandinavos na segunda metade do século XIX. Para situar as obras e o pensamento educacional do autor, e compreender sua influência no surgimento do movimento das escolas populares na Dinamarca, o ensaio descreve o contexto das relações internacionais (conflitos bélicos e redefinição de fronteiras) e de mudanças socioeconômicas e políticas pelas quais o país passou entre os séculos XVIII e XIX, com destaque para a reforma agrária, a emergência social do campesinato e a transição da monarquia absolutista ao regime parlamentar. O estudo assinala as principais características das escolas populares e aborda brevemente as fases pelas quais esse movimento educativo passou até os dias atuais, registrando sua institucionalização nas leis dinamarquesas e nas políticas de educação de adultos do país. Resguardando a singularidade dos contextos históricos e de formação intelectual (que explicam as distintas concepções de povo e de cultura popular), o artigo identifica convergências entre o pensamento do autor dinamarquês e as ideias pedagógicas de Paulo Freire, apoiadas nas respectivas versões do humanismo cristão. Sublinha a similitude das críticas que os autores dirigem à escola tradicional e a ênfase depositada por ambos no diálogo como mediação de uma educação para o esclarecimento e a participação social.

This paper traces Joyce’s linguistic techniques of void and gaps as he went about when writing Dubliners, and reveals what is implied in some of the stories and most importantly shows how through ellipses and fragments, his characters’ attempt to achieve decolonization. The main issue of explicit communication in colonial societies is replaced by such linguistic aspects where postcolonial writers like James Joyce tend to express their ideas of decolonization through the implicitness of language to deliver political messages. Hence, and in order to solve the problem of the explicit limitations of language, this paper attempts to reveal the covert messages of the stories by studying ellipses and fragments. While void and gaps portray negative connotations, the methodology used here to fill in the blanks of ellipses and fragments focuses on the information investigated, explored and then implemented by the reader to complete the unfinished thoughts and solve Joyce’s mysteries. Filling out ellipses are investigated mainly in the stories of “The Sisters” and “A Little Cloud” where characters are helped by the reader, who fills out these ellipses, to escape their colonial ordeals into a more hopeful world. Similarly, fragments show the characters’ struggle to achieve linguistic decolonization by completing the unfinished thoughts and utterances especially in the stories of “Eveline” and “Clay”. By analysing the discourse that takes place between the characters in these stories, the reader may reveal what has been left implied and will show how by filling out ellipses and completing fragments, characters may achieve decolonization. Additionally, the role of annexes in this article gives a more concrete proof of the use of ellipses and fragments as decolonial tools by presenting statistics of their usage in the stories and thoroughly analysing their implicit interpretations. Ultimately, findings will prove that those who struggle with the explicitness of censoredl anguage in politically disturbed environments will find other means to express their thoughts of freedom through the analysis of what language implies and not what is overtly expressed. Thus, the readers are allowed to reconstruct ellipses and fragments to come up with more comprehensible ideas of what is linguistically required to achieve decolonization.

Hydatidosis is an important zoonosis caused by a parasitic tapeworm, namely Echinococcus granulosus. This infection is distributed worldwide and affects the health as well as economic loss in both humans and animals. In most cases, the disease needs chemotherapy with or without surgery. Conventional drugs have some major problems, including drug complications, harmful side effects, and also progressive resistance. According to the importance of biological productions as alternative medicine, a large number of studies confirmed that whole venom and many peptide ingredients of the scorpion venom have various different medical benefits, including antimicrobial properties, due to the mechanism of blocking gated ion channel. In this study, the venom peptides of Mesobuthus eupeus scorpionwere purified using gel filtration chromatography and subsequently ion exchange chromatography, followed by the determination of the molecular weights of the proteins by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) procedure. After collecting the hydatid cysts fluids from the liver of infected sheep, protoscolices were derived, washed, and encountered to the whole venom as well as eight different fractions of toxin 30, 60, 120, and 240 min after the exposure. In the next step, the viability of protoscolices was determined by eosin staining. The obtained results revealed that a venom fraction under 10 kDa killed all protoscolices after 30 min. Moreover, it was found that the scolicidal activity of fractions increases according to the time of exposure. As a result, it can be concluded that M. epeus venom peptides under its LD50 (1/2 LD50) can properly and quickly destroy the protoscolices of hydatid cysts at the level of applied concentrations and such components are good alternatives to treat hydatidosis.

RESUMO Este estudo tem como objetivo tomar o Paradigma Indiciário como método narrativo de investigação no âmbito da formação docente. Destacamos sua dimensão autobiográfica, enfatizando as particularidades de fazer uso da narrativa como fenômeno estudado, gênero textual e concepção metodológica. Para tanto, realizamos leitura abrangente da obra de Carlo Ginzburg e a partir de suas contribuições apontamos características da escrita narrativa em pesquisa, entendendo-a como escolha consciente de olhar para o passado e reconstruí-lo, tomando as opções feitas ao longo do processo e as respostas encontradas ao final. Tomamos ainda, como eixo reflexivo, narrativas produzidas por professoras, cujas análises evidenciam que este modo de fazer pesquisa possibilita entendimento de aspectos das práticas sociais que não dizem respeito apenas ao que foi vivido ou a quem viveu, mas ao modo como a experiência se atualiza no instante em que se decide narrar, em diálogo com questões de nossos tempos, espaços e cultura, tornando-se potente instrumento de pesquisa e formação. Finalizamos apresentando três temporalidades, presentes numa investigação com base no Paradigma: o tempo da história de vida, considerando que ela atravessa e é atravessada pela pesquisa; o tempo da própria pesquisa, entendendo que o método se dá num movimento constante entre coletar, observar, decifrar; o tempo da escrita, entendendo a linearidade de um texto que precisa ser definitivo, mas se abre para a provisoriedade do conhecimento produzido e o estranhamento de nós mesmos.