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This article reflects the monitoring indicators from the research of living conditions in substitute families in the South of Russia. The authors present some study results of the living comfort in a substitute family, namely the relationships with foster parents; interaction with blood and other foster children in the family; the psycho-emotional state; physical, mental, and emotional violence in a foster family; the desire to live in a substitute family. The monitoring was carried out among 76 foster children being brought up in substitute families of the Azov city and the Azov district of the Rostov region and accompanied by the Azov Child Care Centre. The results obtained are of great importance for specialists of support services for substitute families, as well as researchers whose scientific interest is focused on studying substitute family care in Russia. The research has been carried out within the framework of the Ministry of General and Vocational Education order of the Rostov Region No. 747 of 28 July 2022 “On measures to assess the level of comfort of a child’s stay in a substitute family”.

This study focuses on exploring novel ingredients for the production of safe, high-quality alcoholic beverages and enhancing the processes involved in fermenting beverages. These efforts aim to support local community development initiatives targeting food security, food sovereignty, and small businesses. The article presents the technology for producing distillates from vegetative raw materials, integrating digital technologies for quality control across all manufacturing stages. Distillates were obtained using the “Minispirtzavod Simpl 2018 set “Authentic” equipment, featuring remote control capabilities and a built-in Wi-Fi module. The quality of distillates derived from various vegetable raw materials, including grapes, apples, wheat, and birch sap, was evaluated through organoleptic analysis, assessing appearance, aroma, and taste. Gas chromatography was employed to determine the content of ethyl alcohol, furfural, methyl alcohol, aldehydes, ethers, and fusel alcohol in the distillates. The resulting distillates contained 40.9% to 43.5% vol.% ethanol and exhibited distinct aromatic profiles and flavors based on the vegetative raw material used. This diversity offers opportunities to expand the range of alcoholic products available.

Currently, remote sensing techniques assist in various environmental applications and facilitate observation and spatial analysis. Machine learning algorithms allow researchers to find dependencies in satellite data and vegetation cover properties. One of the significant tasks for ecological assessment is associated with estimating forest characteristics and monitoring changes over time. In contrast to the general computer vision domain, remote sensing data and forestry measurements have their own specific requirements and necessitate tailored approaches that involve processing multispectral satellite data, creating feature spaces, and selecting training samples. In this study, we focus on extracting primary forest characteristics, including forest species groups, height, basal area, and timber stock. We utilise Sentinel-2 multispectral data to develop a machine learning-based solution for vast and remote territories. Timber stock is calculated using empirical formulas based on measurements of forest species groups, height, and basal area. These intermediate forest parameters are estimated using individually trained machine learning algorithms for each parameter. As a case study, we examine the Sakhalin region (Russia), which encompasses several forestries with varying vegetation properties. In Nevelskoye forestry, we achieved a mean absolute error (MAE) of 1.6m for height, 0.084 for basal area, and 47.8 m3/ha for timber stock. The results obtained demonstrate promise for further integrating artificial intelligencebased solutions into forestry decision-making processes and natural resources management.

This work studies the main parameters of the major river zones in ten large cities in Russia in terms of their potential to form a blue-green corridor and its efficiency and integrity, which are essential for creating a more sustainable urban environment. We used several indicators to evaluate these aspects, like the green infrastructure availability of river zones, vegetation fragmentation, intactness of the unsealed 200-m riverside line and a functional structure of river zones. The integrated assessment revealed that river zones actually form a blue-green corridors only in two cities, Omsk and Krasnoyarsk. These two blue-green corridors, as well as the potential corridors of Nizhny Novgorod, Ufa and Irkutsk, can be considered the most effective ones. On the contrary, in Kazan, Rostov-on- Don and Khabarovsk, river zones least of all resemble corridors. In the remaining cities, river zones have an insignificantly fragmented vegetation, so they can be probably turned into blue-green corridors if numerous former industrial zones along the river will be transformed into new green elements, and if the existing infrastructure will get more vegetation.

The aim of research was to observe and to describe biodestructions of fabrics that usually used inside a home, to estimate the destruction (total number of destruction “N” and destruction index “K”). The samples of fabrics were placed into a thermostat in sterile Petri dishes on moistened sterile filter paper in order to stimulate the microflora occurred on fibers. Incubation carried out in a thermostat at a +24-28 °C, humidity of 90-100% and exposed for 8 month. The samples examined with a microscope. As a result of the study of fiber’s damage, the types of damage were identified as follow: layering, fretting, mottling, fouling, spotting, swelling, granular disintegration, delamination, thinning, and damage of the fiber wall. Initially the most destructed was detected sample of natural silk and hemp according to the highest value of destruction index K. However, after 8 months of exposure, this sample turned out to be the most resistant to biodegradation. The data obtained based on the evaluation of the biostability of fabrics made from various textile fibers showed that the usage of natural silk, hemp and polyester able to supply textile with resistance to biodegradation by spontaneous microflora.

Green infrastructure (GI) and ecosystem services (ES) improve the quality of urban life and aid city’s sustainable development. During the Soviet period, GI was an important part of spatial planning. Today, many post-Soviet cities face the problem of its deterioration due to the rapid economic growth and subsequent urban sprawl. Moscow is an exceptional case of a European city that both inherits features of central planning and integrates modern methods of greening. This paper aims to define the role of urban expansion in GI and ES transformation in Moscow during the last 25 years. Our method is based on combining spatial data on land-use from Open Street Map and Atlas of Urban Expansion, and reclassified Landsat images. The research revealed that the most important for ES provision land categories have gradually shrunk, especially in old Moscow, where the share of built-up area has increased by 18%. Considering the results, we stress that recent GI development mostly concerns small GI elements that do not provide regulating or supporting ES, while large GI massifs continue to deteriorate, thus resulting in a misbalance of urban ES provision.

Si presenta di seguito la traduzione italiana del capitolo "Iosif Brodskij" del volume di Oleg Ivanovič Fedotov Sonet [Sonetto] (2011). Nel capitolo vengono analizzati soprattutto i cosiddetti «sonetti sciolti» (cholostye sonety) di Brodskij, cioè i testi intitolati dall’autore come sonetti (o avvicinabili ai sonetti per altri motivi) ma composti in versi liberi. Fedotov individua 10 testi dotati di queste caratteristiche e riconosce in essi un ciclo poetico unitario sulla base di tratti formali e tematici. This is the Italian translation of the chapter "Iosif Brodskij" of the book Sonet by Oleg Ivanovič Fedotov.

Recensiamo l’edizione russa dei saggi del critico lette- rario Dmitrij Mirskij, O literature i iskusstve. Stat’i i recen- zii 1922-1937, a cura di O.A.Korostelev e M.V. Efimov, trad. russa di M.V. Efimov, introduzio- ne di Gerald S. Smith, Moskva: Novoe literaturnoe obozrenie, 2014.

The purpose of the study: to identify the pedagogical conditions for patriotic education of future teachers in a university. Object of study: educational system of a university. Subject of research: patriotic education of future teachers in a university. In accordance with the purpose of the study, the following tasks were set: to identify the main theoretical aspects of patriotic education of future teachers and its features; to characterize the forms, methods and means conducive to patriotic education of future teachers; to identify pedagogical conditions for patriotic education of future teachers; to develop components for patriotic education of future teachers on the basis of the analysis of scientific literature. In this study, the following research methods were used: analysis, synthesis, analogy, abstraction, the study of psychological and pedagogical literature, questionnaires. The theoretical significance of the work is to comprehend and theoretically revise the problems devoted to patriotic education of future teachers in a university. The essence of patriotic education of young people in modern conditions is presented, which is understood as the formation of a patriotic consciousness (responsible attitude to nature, to oneself, as a whole with nature and society, to the world around and to the Motherland; focus on the value aspect of the formation of patriotism); patriotic behavior (activation of the activity aspect of future teachers), and patriotic feelings. The components of patriotic education are presented: motivational, cognitive, emotional, and activity components. It is concluded that the relevance of this problem is quite acute, and it is necessary to strengthen attention on patriotic education of youth. A survey conducted to study the level of patriotism of future teachers showed that negative qualities such as negativity towards modern political systems; negative attitude to their country; the desire of youth to leave Russia and live in Europe and the USA; highly developed individualism, egoism; disrespect for the older generation prevail in the minds of young people.

The aim of research was to characterize epiphyte micromycetes observed on variable cotton fibers accessions, to estimate the range of fiber destruction and select cotton, which were the most resistant to fungus damage. The accessions of differently colored Upland Cotton varieties (Gossypium hirsutum L.) evaluated: eleven cotton of natural green, twelve – of brown and eleven of conventional white color. Cotton plants have been grown in Sothern Federal District, RF. The fiber samples for the study were placed into a thermostat in sterile Petri dishes on moistened filter paper in order to stimulate the development of mycelium or sporulation of fungi naturally occurred on fibers. Incubation carried out in a thermostat at a +24-28 °C, humidity of 90-100% and exposed for 28 days. The samples examined with a microscope or binocular magnifier. Aspergillus ustus (Bainier), A. fumigatus Fresen., A. niger v. Tiegh., A. flavus Link, Penicillium aurantiogriseum Dierckx, P. notatum Westling, Rhizopus nigricans Ehrenb. and Alternaria alternata (Fuier) Keissler were detected. Compared with exposed white, accession of green and brown colors were significantly resistant to fungus. The mean of destruction (K) of white cotton varied up to 0.95, but colored accessions not exceeded 0.3 (initial destruction of the surface, not affecting internal fiber’s structure).

The study examines the problem associated with the fact that features of dehumanization are largely manifested in modern society and in education. There is a loss of spiritual and moral values, a rejection of a worldview based on justice, a lack of attention and respect for a person is increasingly manifested, and his life and morality are being devalued. The leading role in forming the moral image of the younger generation should belong to the general educational organization, teachers and educators. In accordance with this, the goal of the study was set: to identify the level of humanization of pedagogical activity in modern sociocultural conditions. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were set and solved: on the basis of a comparative historical and pedagogical analysis of scientific literature, trace the genesis of the concept of “humanism”; characterize the humanistic foundations of modern education; consider conceptual approaches to the humanization of education; determine the pedagogical conditions for the practical implementation of the humanistic paradigm in the professional activities of university teachers, school teachers and educators. Based on the results of a survey of junior students and their inclusion in project activities to study the heritage of humanist teachers of the XIX-XX centuries, conclusions are drawn that the values of their future professional activities can be formed in the course of studying pedagogy. When carrying out educational projects that have a humanistic orientation, future teachers develop a humanistic consciousness, reorient from material values to spiritual ones, and the personality of the future teacher is humanized.

Recensiamo l’edizione italiana, curata da Massimo Bonafin, del libro di Eleazar Moiseevič Meletinskij Poetica storica della novella. Trad. Laura Sestri. Macerata: eum, 2014.

Recensiamo il libro di Igor’ Šajtanov Komparativistika i/ili poètika. Anglijskie sjužety glazami istoričeskoj poètiki [Comparatistica e/o poetica. Intrecci inglesi agli occhi della poetica storica]. Moskva: RGGU, 2010.

Si presenta di seguito la traduzione del saggio di Ol’ga Vladimirovna Slivickaja Il sistema ottico dell’Anna Karenina: approcci al tema della modernità dell’antropologia tostoiana, in pubblicazione a giugno 2012 nel “Jasnopoljanskij Sbornik” n. 26. Il saggio è dedicato alla foca- lizzazione nel romanzo di Tolstoj Anna Karenina, con particolare attenzione a come il cambiamento del punto di vista influenzi la rappresentazione dei personaggi. Viene in- dagata l’ottica della distanza da cui si osservano gli eroi tolstoiani: un’ottica che varia in base ai particolari scopi comunicativi delle diverse parti del romanzo.

Il saggio indaga l’antropologia culturale in Un eroe del nostro tempo di Lermontov a confronto con i romanzi di Tolstoj. L’analisi della novella Maksim Maksimyč permette di scoprire nella contrapposizione di Pečorin e Maksim Maksimyč il tema del conflitto culturale tra un uomo eccezionale e un «uomo semplice» e, in una visione più ampia, tra l’intelligencija e il popolo. Tale conflitto, irrisolto nel romanzo di Lermontov ad eccezione del tema del fatalismo comune a tutti i personaggi, verrà sanato nella figura di Pierre Bezuchov di Guerra e pace. In conclusione, si riafferma il duplice ruolo di Lermontov come antesignano di Tolstoj ma anche artista autonomo dalle scelte artistiche non inferiori ma radicalmente diverse da quelle tolstoiane.

Recensiamo qui i seguenti volumi: Daniil Charms, Sobranije sočinenij v dvuch tomach [Raccolta di opere in due tomi], a cura di Vladimir Vesterman, Moskva, AST e Zebra E, 2010; Daniil Charms, Sobranije sočinenij v trëch tomach [Raccolta di opere in tre tomi], a cura di Valerij Sažin, Sankt-Peterburg, Azbuka, 2011; Aleksandr Vvedenskij, Vsë [Tutto], a cura di Anna Gerasimova, OGI, Moskva, 2010.

L’articolo indaga l’antropologia letteraria di Tolstoj, che vede l’uomo come carattere stabile ma, in questa stabilità, anche soggetto a mutamenti. Utilizzando diversi concetti della critica letteraria e della psicanalisi (dalle idee di M. L. Gasparov sui due approcci alla letteratura, filosofico e filologico, all’immagine di S. Frank che paragona il subconscio umano a una profonda «miniera», dal concetto di «acte gratuit» di W. H. Auden a quello di «epifania» di J. Joyce e U. Eco) e soffermandosi sull’esempio dell’episodio di Guerra e pace di Pierre a Borodino, l’autrice mostra come lo scrittore sia capace di dotare i personaggi dei suoi grandi romanzi tanto di una psicologia della profondità, quanto di una psicologia dell’altezza.

Il libro Recensiamo il saggio di William Nickell The Death of Tolstoy: Russia on the Eve, Astapovo Station, Cornell University Press, Ithaca - London, 2010.

Review of D. LeBlanc, Donald. Slavic Sins of the Flesh: Food, Sex, and Carnal Appetite in Nineteenth-century Russian fiction, Durham: University of New Hampshire Press, 2009. Print.

Рецензируется книга Галины А. Космолинской Русский Бертольдо. Судьба итальянского комического романа в России XVIII века: рукописи, издания, читатели. Москва: Новое литературное обозрение, 2011.

The Digital Revolution had a significant impact on the sphere of circulation in general, and on trade in particular. The use of online marketing communication tools allows vendors to target their offers and select information or marketing messages based on the individual interests and behavior of consumers. Analyze the impact of digitalization on the marketing activities of trading companies. As a result, the author's approach to the digitalization of trading companies has been developed. This involves the construction and adaptation of the marketing structure in trading companies, which depends on the range of consumer values. The direction for further scientific research by the authors involves studying the impact of marketing tools on the digital processes of trading companies.

The paper is devoted to the modification of the dynamic behavior model of a flat orthotropic element under shock and vibrational impacts. The impacts were caused by solid cylindrical body for the case of ballastless railway construction. The suggested model allows simulating the element deformation in the upper structure of the ballast-free design track. The propagation of elastic waves moving with finite speeds, orthotropic properties of the foundation slab, which allow optimally selecting rod reinforcement are taken into account. The obtained analytical and graphical results make it possible to assess the influence of properties of the reinforced concrete slab, the underframe speed, the presence of defects in wheel sets or rail bars, as well as the characteristics of the technical content of the track section.