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An update on the prevalence of antibiotic resistance in extended-spectrum β-lactamase among urinary strains of Klebsiella spp. isolated from in-come and out-come patients at University Hospital, Mahdia (Tunisia).A retrospective survey was made over a period of twelve months (year 2009). It focused on 3564 patients with urinary tract infection confirmed by the Laboratory of Microbiology in the University Hospital, Mahdia.Klebsiella spp. was involved in 5.5% (198/3564) of all cases of urinary tract infections identified. Klebsiella pneumoniae accounted for 94.9% of all Klebsiella (5.1% for Klebsiella oxytoca). The frequency of Klebsiella spp. resistance to fluoroquinolones was 19.2% and to third generation cephalosporins was 22.7%. Forty strains of Klebsiella spp. producing extended-spectrum β-lactamase witch corresponds to 20.2% of all the Klebsiella. The extended-spectrum β-lactamase strains with resistance to fluoroquinolones were 67.5% (27/40) or 13.6% of all klebsiella (27/198). No strain was resistant to imipenem. The 27 strains multiresistant (ESBL+FQ resistance) are likely to be carriers of plasmids encoding the ESBL and resistance to fluoroquinolones.the resistance of Enterobacteriaceae, including Klebsiella spp, to fluoroquinolones has become a concern both in hospital in community medicine. The advent of this resistance mechanism involves a more rational use of fluoroquinolones, especially as first-line treatment of urinary tract infections.

A field survey was undertaken, to determine epidemiological, clinical and biological data on Ovine Caseous Lymphadenitis disease in 54 flocks originated from Sfax area in Tunisia. The mean morbidity rate of the cutaneous form was 5.1%. This form affected sheep over 3 months and under 2 years old. On the other hand, the mean morbidity rate of the visceral form, encountered in abattoirs, was 11.02%. The clinical aspect of the superficial (or cutaneous) form was often corresponding to one abscess, located particularly in the lymphatic nodes of the animal's head; while visceral (or internal) form of the disease was represented by the presence of a unique abscess found in the pulmonary lymphatic nodes. The macroscopic aspect of lesions showed that the size of abscess was comprised between 4 and 10 cm in diameter. At the cut, colour of the pus was white yellowish to yellow greyish with a fluid or a thick aspect like onion peels; pus was microscopic. Lesions were characterised by a fibrous shell, a pyogenic membrane and a necrotic center. Bacteriological research revealed that Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis was the pathogen the most frequently isolated, followed by Staphylococcus aureus subsp anaerobius which was particularly found in sheep aged between 3 months and 2 years old.

Not available, Le biocarbone est un biofiltre aéré utilise dans l'épuration des eaux usées ayant des grains de biodagéne comme support. La flore bactérienne fixée sur ce support a été isolée, identifiée et son activité hydrolytique mesurée. Des souches ayant des activités importantes ont été sélectionnées et ont été marquées par résistance à certains antibiotiques et substrats suicides. Ce marquage a permis de suivre l'implantation et l'évolution de ces souches sur le support. L'étude de la régulation des activités protéasiques et lipasiques chez une des souches sélectionnées (serratia marcescens 532 s) a été effectuée, ainsi que l'étude de la régulation du métabolisme carbone de klebsiella oxytoca (sélectionnée à partir du filtre). Cette bactérie présente un métabolisme branché dont nous avons étudié les flux carbonés en fonction du pourcentage de saturation du milieu de culture en oxygène ainsi que de la concentration en sulfate