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Geophysical flows impacting a flexible barrier can create complex flows and solid-fluid-structure interactions, which are challenging to quantify and characterize towards a unified description. Here, we examine the common physical laws of multiphase, multiway interactions during debris flows, debris avalanches and rock avalanches against a flexible barrier system using a coupled computational fluid dynamics and discrete element (CFD-DEM) method. This model captures essential physics observed in experiments and fields. The bi-linear, positive correlations are found between peak impact load and Fr or maximum barrier deflection, with inflection points due to the transitions from trapezoid- to triangle-shaped dead zones. Our findings quantitatively elucidate how flow materials (wet versus dry) and impact dynamics (slow versus fast) control the patterns of the identified bi-linear correlations. This work offers a physics-based reference and insights for improving widely-used impact solutions for geophysical flows against flexible barriers.

With the development of new generation Internet technology, Digital Object Architecture (DOA)/Handle system plays an important role in industrial system. The development and technical characteristics of DOA/Handle technology is studied in this paper. Then function architecture of distributed data acquisition system based on DOA/Handle technology is proposed. Through the detailed design of the functions and characteristics of the architecture, the core functions such as distributed data acquisition, distributed data management, data security sharing, and data security governance are realized in the industrial Internet environment. At the end of the paper, the typical scenarios of this architecture are summarized, and a prospect of the application prospect of DOA/Handle technology is introduced.