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With the development and progress of society and colleges and universities and higher research requirements, College English teachers’ research anxiety and pressure is increasing day by day. In this paper, the self-compiled survey with questionnaires and interviews of college English teachers’ research anxiety were used to investigate the research anxiety of college English teachers in one city in China, and the statistical software SPSS 19 was conducted for the survey and data analysis to find out both the subjective and objective factors leading to their research anxiety, and propose solutions for college English teachers to adapt and resolve their research anxiety: 1)to create conditions for college English teachers to improve their research ability; 2)improve the university research assessment system to make it more scientific and humanistic; 3)college English teachers’ own adjustments on their research efforts.

This paper analyzes the application of game theory in live streaming sales from three models: prisoner’s dilemma, British auction, and Nash equilibrium. Firstly, using the prisoner’s dilemma to analyze cooperation and competition in live streaming sales, using charts to analyze that competition appears to be the optimal strategy, but cooperation is more common. In the process of signing contracts with internet celebrities, the company also used English auctions for analysis. During the bidding process, it is necessary to avoid the curse of the winner, maintain fairness in competition, and reduce the minimum bidding increment. Finally, the application of Nash equilibrium was explored to find the balance of interests between sellers and buyers, while meeting their expectations. Overall, this research provides valuable insights into strategic decision-making in e-commerce, enhancing understanding of the interplay between influencers and brands and guiding them towards mutually beneficial outcomes in the evolving market of live-streaming commerce.

This research aimed to investigate teachers’ perceptions of inclusive education, with the understanding that the sociocultural backdrop to inclusive education is crucial to ensure its efficiency. Interpretivist paradigm was adopted, and qualitative study design was used. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews with six Chinese school teachers from various mainstream schools that provided inclusive education. It was found that respondents believed that inclusive education results in development of social skills of the students. It was also found that inclusive education helps autistic children interacting with others, shunning their inhibitions, and making friends. The results also confirmed challenges of inclusive education wherein respondents listed several attitudinal and behavioural challenges associated with social stigma and bullying, and difficulty in schools.

When facing increasingly complex and fast-changing strategic situation, powerful strategic management system is crucial for large-scale power grid enterprises to ensure scientific decision-making, coordinated action and efficient management. This paper analyzes the new strategic management situation of large-scale power grid enterprises under the background of the integrated development of digital revolution and energy revolution. Based on the new situaiton, this paper carries out the demand analysis of the optimization of strategic management mechanism for power grid enterprises, and puts forward the core content of the strategic closed-loop management mechanism optimization. The mechanism optimization will ensure the forward-looking of power grid enterprises’ strategy formulation under the background of digital transformation. Additionally, the mechanism optimization will promote accurate identification of changes, scientific response and effective prevention of strategic risks.

Combined sewer overflow (CSO) pollution is the main factor that plagues the water environment in the area with combined sewer system in most cities of China. This paper analyzed CSO pollution, and reviewed the measures to solve CSO pollution and the latest research progress. The problems of traditional river interception projects were analyzed, and optimization and improvement ideas were proposed. Finally, a combined optimization scheme of source reduction-process control-end storage was proposed to control CSO pollution, which could provide reference for urban CSO pollution control in China.

The reclaimed water produced by sewage treatment plants can be reused for many purposes, which has gradually been paid great attention. However, its pricing mechanism has not been well established especially in China, which has brought certain restrictions on the wide application of reclaimed water. Therefore, this paper attempts to analyze the current situation of domestic reclaimed water pricing, combined with the research and analysis of reclaimed water production costs and related industry profits, and gives the recommended reclaimed water pricing. Taking the reclaimed water reuse project in Ningbo, China as an example, the cost and profit are analyzed by season. The recommended price in non-winter is 0.3833 yuan/ton, and the recommended price in winter is 0.4283 yuan/ton. This study may provide some reference for the improvement of the pricing mechanism of reclaimed water, thus contributing to the wide application of reclaimed water.

Biological co-metabolism is an economical and efficient technique for treating refractory organic matter, and in recent years, it has been widely used in the treatment of chlorophenol-containing wastewater. It has been found that many conditions affect the bio co-metabolism efficiency, such as the carbon source type, carbon source content, microorganism types, and environmental factors. The carbon source concentration experiment showed that when the dosage ratio of sodium acetate to black aniline powder was 1:2, the degradation rate of black aniline powder was 82%, and the removal rate was 92.9%. When tetrachlorophenol increased from 210 mg/L to 2100 mg/L, the tetrachlorophenol was increased in the effluent, and the microorganism's activity was inhibited. Besides, the sedimentation performance of activated sludge was also damaged. The temperature test showed that the removed 4-chlorophenol was as high as 2100 mg/L at 35 °C, and the apparent 4-chlorophenol residue in the effluent could be detected at 20 °C. Therefore, by appropriately controlling the external operating conditions of the reactor, the co-metabolism of refractory organic such as chlorophenols can be achieved.

In the face of the “ 3 0- 6 0” target, the task of carbon emission reduction in China is particularly arduous. Due to factors such as energy resource endowment and economic and industrial structure, there are large spatial differences in carbon emission levels among regions in China. As a representative region of t h e traditional energy industrial structure, the huge energy consumption of the industrial sector in the central region has caused a large amount of carbon emissions. Based on the MRIO model, this paper measures the embodied carbon emissions of trade and the amount of carbon emissions that the regions should bear in 2012 and 2017 for the eight major regions in China. We found that there is large difference in carbon emissions among the eight regions in China, with the central region ranking first in the country, and this difference is also manifested in the provinces of the central region. In addition, under the producer responsibility principle, the problem of carbon leakage between developed and less developed regions is becoming more prominent, with the central and western regions acting as a “ pollution haven” . Further, to rationalize the carbon emission responsibilities of each region, this paper proposes a shared responsibility scheme and compares it with the producer and consumer responsibility systems. This paper is of practical and theoretical reference significance for the scientific delineation of carbon emission reduction responsibilities and the effective promotion of the overall carbon peaking goal.

Iron release from water supply network affects water quality safety. To investigate the change of microbial community structure and its effect on iron release in water supply pipes under leakage condition, the research was carried out based on the pilot platform used in actual water supply system. Microbial community structure was analyzed using high-throughput sequencing and the total iron index was measured by atomic flame absorption spectroscopy. The results showed that Proteobacteria had a large competitive advantage in the laminar flow rate, the average relative content increased more than 60%. At the level of class, the relative content of Alphaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, Betaproteobacteria increased larger than others. When the velocity was close to the critical flow rate, the microbial community was gradually stabilized. The total iron concentration decreased with the increase of flow rates, when the flow rate was 40% of the critical flow rate, the total iron concentration tended to be stable, and the promotion of total iron release was mainly iron-oxidizing bacteria and sulfate reducing bacteria, and the inhibition effect was mainly nitrate reducing bacteria. It has important reference significance for further controlling the microbial community and iron release in the water at the end of the pipe network.

Emerging contaminants in water have attracted more and more attention from scholars and the public. Various technologies have been gradually studied and applied to remove emerging contaminants in water, including adsorption technology based on carbon materials, membrane separation technology, advanced oxidation technology and constructed wetland. In this paper, the research progress of these technologies is reviewed, especially for photocatalysis, a promising technology, which is analyzed in detail. Immobilization is an important means for photocatalytic technology to be applied in engineering. In this paper, four existing immobilization methods of photocatalytic materials are analyzed, and the existing research is prospected. More in-depth research is urgently needed, and exploratory research aimed at application is encouraged. This study can provide some ideas and reference for the treatment of emerging contaminants in water.

Chlorophenol wastewater belongs to highly toxic industrial wastewater, which can cause serious harm to the environment and human health if not treated effectively. The current treatment methods for chlorophenol wastewater are divided into physical, chemical, and biological methods. The physical adsorption experiment found that the monodisperse magnetic nano-column was prepared by the solvothermal method, which could remove 91.5% of pentachlorophenol within 30 mins. More than 90% of chlorophenol can be extracted using an ionic liquid as an extractant. When the chlorophenol reaches 15 g/L, the extraction rate only slightly decreases. CaO and SiO2 can achieve 99.0% 2,4,6-trichlorophenol in 6 hours as ball milling materials by physical and chemical methods. The electrochemical reduction test found that using Pd/Py SDBS/Ti as the cathode, 2-chlorophenol, 4-chlorophenol, and 3-chlorophenol could be reduced and dechlorinated, in which 100 mg/L of 2-chlorophenol could be completely degraded within 60 minutes. The biochemical index BOD5/COD of wastewater is less than 0.3 if the biological treatment technology based on co-metabolism is adopted to realize the chlorophenol treatment. In treating chlorophenol wastewater, the application scenario should be fully considered to achieve the best treatment effect of chlorophenol wastewater.

Urban runoff pollution has become one of the important limiting factors hindering the continuous improvement of water environment. In the process of drainage system reconstruction, the evaluation of interception pipeline for the collection and storage efficiency of initial rainwater is an important work. Therefore, this study uses the analytic hierarchy process to establish an evaluation system and method containing 4 first-level indicators and 10 second-level indicators to evaluate the comprehensive efficiency of the interception pipeline for initial rainwater collection and storage. Taking the interception pipeline in a drainage system in Shanghai as a case study, the established evaluation method was adopted to evaluate it, and the comprehensive indexes under the rainfall return periods of 0.5 year, 1 year, 3 years and 5 years were calculated. The results indicated that the evaluation method could be well applied to the effectiveness evaluation of intercepting pipelines in drainage systems, and could provide technical support for the planning and design of urban runoff pollution control projects in the future.

The integration of industry and education has become an important way for universities to cultivate new engineering talents. The cooperation to create “university-enterprise” alliances can improve the collaborative education mechanism of multiple subjects by building a bridge of communication for the new engineering, which is an important means of integration of industry and education. This study of “university-enterprise” new engineering collaborative education with multiple subjects analyzes the collaborative education mode and its implementation path for China-ASEAN new engineering cooperative education of multiple subjects from the perspective of discipline professional construction and industrial transformation and upgrading, discipline professional group and industrial agglomeration development, and the effect of the ability of multiple subjects.

The construction of “Internet of Things+X” compound characteristic course cluster is an important link in the development of new engineering subjects in vocational normal education. This paper analyzes the mechanism of the “Internet of Things+X” composite course cluster, and puts forward the construction idea of “Internet of Things+X” compound characteristic course cluster, including the condensation of the characteristics of the course cluster based on specific industries, the integration of the four chains of “training objectives - course content - professional ability - teacher training ability”, and the introduction of composite characteristic course resources. Then it puts forward some suggestions on the construction of compound characteristic course cluster in vocational normal colleges.

The rapid industrialization process has brought about explosive growth in the types of chemicals and the widespread and extensive usage of chemicals. These chemicals enter into the aquatic environment with their application in industry and daily life, posing a security threat to natural water bodies and public health. It is necessary and urgent to carry out risk assessment of these new pollutants or micro-pollutants in water. Therefore, this paper reviewed the research progress and development direction of health risk assessment and ecological risk assessment of emerging contaminants in aquatic environment, and prospected the research and application in China. This paper proposes that it is necessary to deeply study the public health effects, environmental effects and migration and transformation characteristics of these emerging contaminants in water, and to understand their toxicological effects, so as to establish a sound risk assessment benchmark and method as soon as possible to help water resources management and water security.

Currently, the treatment of point source pollution has been basically com-pleted, and the development of non-point source pollution(NPP) has become a new threat to natural water. Unlike point source pollution, NPP is much more complex than point source pollution in terms of treatment difficulty and treatment measures. Therefore, NPP has gradually become the focus of researchers’ attention. This paper mainly reviews the current research status on the governance of NPP, precisely urban source and agricultural source pollution governance. In addition, the article reviews the treatment measures of NPP at the present stage, from source treatment, process blocking and end-of-pipe treatment. This thesis provides a more comprehensive overview of NPP treatment measures, which can provide a reference for further research and development of engineering practices on NPP.

The Yangtze River protection is an important environmental protection strategy for China, and the quality and efficiency of the sewage system is also one of the environmental protection actions that China is working hard to implement in recent years. As the first batch of pilot cities for the protection of the Yangtze River, Wuhu City has significantly improved its sewage system through a series of comprehensive sewage system improvement engineering measures. This paper briefly described the general situation and measures of the sewage system renovation project in the CD area of Wuhu City, and based on the systematic thinking of “source-network-plant-river”, the performance of improving the quality and efficiency of the sewage system was evaluated. With the implementation of the sewage system remediation project, the water quality at the source and discharge outlet as well as the water quantity of sewage collected had been greatly improved. The sewage collection volume had been increased from 10,000 m3/d to 42,000 m3/d and the COD concentration of the influent has increased significantly. The introduction and analysis of this project may provide some reference for other similar sewage system remediation projects in China and other countries and regions.

In order to effectively reduce the psychological anxiety of subway passengers in the fire state and improve the effect of fire emergency management, the fire anxiety status of passengers of different genders was counted, based on the fire state-trait anxiety questionnaire. The questionnaire and mathematical statistics were used to discuss the influence of different time periods after the intervention of on-site drills on the psychological anxiety level of passengers. Results: Before the field exercise, the overall fire anxiety level of the sample was in the normal range ; After on-site exercise, female fire anxiety level decreased, but still did not eliminate anxiety, and the effect of male education is not obvious ; After one hour of on-site training, the overall scores of fire anxiety of the samples were reduced; One day after the on-site exercise, women’s psychological anxiety scores began to improve, and men’s psychological anxiety continued to improve. Conclusion: On the whole, on-site drills are effective. After one day of on-site drills, the intervention effect basically disappears. However, on-site drills have a significant effect on eliminating the tension in the face of subway fires, and there are significant differences in these aspects of characteristics between people of different genders in the face of subway fires.

As modern society gradually penetrates into the era of big data, digital economy becomes an important field. Citizens’ information data is rapidly passed in the tripartite field of economy, government and individuals, and citizens’ privacy leakage is serious. The article will take Learning Pass leaked information, township bank red code, etc. as examples to study the result and impact of personal privacy leakage, the conflict and balance between digital sharing and personal privacy, how to work together to protect personal privacy, personal privacy related protection policies, etc. Through questionnaire survey, data crawling, and XXXX model, etc. to analyze data, the article will research on the digital economy on personal privacy, and propose protection countermeasures, so that individual citizens can be more vigilant, relevant fields can comply with relevant norms, improve relevant literacy, reduce personal privacy leakage, and make data sharing and personal privacy present a balanced state.

Based on the analysis of the multi-mode data of ship mechatronics and the new human-computer interaction regulations for safety driving, a new safety driving regulation based on multi-mode data is put forward. The new regulations for ship safe driving use mechanical and electrical data to form small-world data interconnection. Artificial intelligence and human-computer interaction operation information are used to integrate and communicate, and human-computer interaction data are incorporated to standardize driving behavior to integrate historical driving data, and finally, the standardized automatic self-driving is formed. The new human-computer interaction regulations formed by the safe driving system make it possible to solve and optimize the ship safe driving mode.

Based on the analysis of the causes of ship accidents, the development prospect and development direction of ship intelligent safe driving, the artificial intelligence safety prediction and intervention model is put forward. This model solves the problem of ship intelligent safety prediction by using intelligent analysis technology and network technology, and promotes the development of ship intelligence and ship safety navigation technology. Additionally, it expands the channels of obtaining information, connects the ship's mechanical and electrical equipment, collects, stores and analyzes the data reasonably, and constructs the intelligent analysis and processing platform of ship small-world data processing to implement intelligent intervention. What is impressive is that it makes ship navigation safer, more economical, more reasonable and optimized, and accelerates the development of ship artificial intelligence safe navigation.

Introduction: Surveillance of childhood cancer incidence trends can inform etiologic research, policy and programs. This study presents the first population-based report on demographic and geographic variations in incidence trends of detailed pediatric diagnostic groups in Canada. Methods: The Canadian Cancer Registry data were used to calculate annual age-standardized incidence rates (ASIRs) from 1992 to 2010 among children less than 15 years of age by sex, age and region for the 12 main diagnostic groups and selected subgroups of the International Classification of Childhood Cancer (ICCC), 3rd edition. Temporal trends were examined by annual percent changes (APCs) using Joinpoint regression. Results: The ASIRs of childhood cancer among males increased by 0.5% (95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.2–0.9) annually from 1992 to 2010, whereas incidence among females increased by 3.2% (CI = 0.4–6.2) annually since 2004 after an initial stabilization. The largest overall increase was observed in children aged 1–4 years (APC = 0.9%, CI = 0.4–1.3). By region, the overall rates increased the most in Ontario from 2006 to 2010 (APC = 5.9%, CI = 1.9–10.1), and increased non-significantly in the other regions from 1992 to 2010. Average annual ASIRs for all cancers combined from 2006 to 2010 were lower in the Prairies (149.4 per million) and higher in Ontario (170.1 per million). The ASIRs increased for leukemias, melanoma, carcinoma, thyroid cancer, ependymomas and hepatoblastoma for all ages, and neuroblastoma in 1–4 year olds. Astrocytoma decreased in 10–14 year olds (APC = −2.1%, CI = −3.7 to −0.5), and among males (APC = −2.4%, CI = −4.6 to −0.2) and females (APC = −3.7%, CI = −5.8 to −1.6) in Ontario over the study period. Conclusion: Increasing incidence trends for all cancers and selected malignancies are consistent with those reported in other developed countries, and may reflect the changes in demographics and etiological exposures, and artefacts of changes in cancer coding, diagnosis and reporting. Significant decreasing trend for astrocytoma in late childhood was observed for the first time.

Introduction : La surveillance des tendances de l’incidence du cancer chez les enfants peut éclairer la recherche, les politiques et les programmes en matière d’étiologie. Cette étude donne lieu au premier rapport sur les variations démographiques et géographiques des tendances de l’incidence de groupes diagnostiques détaillés chez les enfants de la population générale au Canada. Méthodologie : Les données du Registre canadien du cancer ont servi à calculer les taux d’incidence normalisés selon l’âge (TINA) annuels de 1992 à 2010 chez les enfants de moins de 15 ans selon le sexe, l’âge et la région pour les 12 principaux groupes et certains sous-groupes diagnostiques de la 3e édition de la Classification internationale du cancer chez les enfants (CICE). Les tendances temporelles ont été examinées à partir des variations annuelles en pourcentage (VAP) au moyen d’une régression Joinpoint. Résultats : Les TINA annuels du cancer chez les enfants ont augmenté de 0,5 % (intervalle de confiance [IC] à 95 % = 0,2 à 0,9) chez les garçons chaque année entre 1992 et 2010, tandis que l’incidence chez les filles a augmenté de 3,2 % (IC = 0,4 à 6,2) chaque année depuis 2004 après une stabilisation initiale. L’augmentation globale la plus importante a été observée chez les enfants de 1 à 4 ans (VAP = 0,9 %, IC = 0,4 à 1,3). Par région, c’est en Ontario entre 2006 et 2010 que les taux globaux ont le plus augmenté (VAP = 5,9 %, IC = 1,9 à 10,1) et ils ont augmenté de façon non significative dans les autres régions entre 1992 et 2010. On a mesuré en 2006-2010 les TINA annuels moyens de tous les cancers confondus les plus faibles dans les Prairies (149,4 pour 1 million) et les plus élevés en Ontario (170,1 pour 1 million). Les TINA des leucémies, du mélanome, des carcinomes, du cancer de la thyroïde, des épendymomes et de l’hépatoblastome ont augmenté dans tous les groupes d’âge, et les TINA du neuroblastome ont augmenté chez les enfants de 1 à 4 ans. L’incidence de l’astrocytome a diminué chez les enfants de 10 à 14 ans (VAP = −2,1 %, IC = −3,7 à −0,5) ainsi que chez les garçons (VAP = −2,4 %, IC = −4,6 à −0,2) et les filles (VAP = −3,7 %, IC = −5,8 à −1,6) en Ontario au cours de la période étudiée. Conclusion : Les tendances à la hausse de l’incidence de tous les cancers confondus et de certaines tumeurs malignes correspondent aux tendances signalées dans d’autres pays développés. Elles sont explicables par des variations démographiques, par des variations de l’exposition aux facteurs étiologiques ou par des changements apportés aux méthodes de codification, de diagnostic et de déclaration du cancer. Une baisse significative de la tendance de l’astrocytome chez les 10 à 14 ans a été observée pour la première fois.

In order to improve the quantitative evaluation ability of industrial and commercial management on promoting economic growth, the design method of quantitative evaluation model of industrial and commercial management on promoting economic growth based on hierarchical constraints is proposed. the descriptive statistical analysis method to realize big data fusion mining for quantitative evaluation of business administration’s promotion to economic growth is used, and a hierarchical constraint parameter analysis model to realize node deployment model design of hierarchical constraint parameter analysis model is designed, fuzzy control and adaptive feature parameter identification are realized in the process of quantitative evaluation of industrial and commercial administration’s promotion to economic growth. Convergence control is realized in the process of quantitative evaluation based on pattern recognition and association distributed fusion. Fuzzy degree identification and optimization prediction of quantitative evaluation of industrial and commercial administration’s promotion to economic growth are realized in hierarchical constraint parameter analysis model. The simulation results show that the output accuracy and system stability of the quantitative evaluation of the promotion of business administration to economic growth are good.

A two-step Lagrangian particle tracing method was used to simulate the particle movement in convective diffusion. Firstly, the flow field distribution was given by finite difference method. Secondly convective diffusion was simulated by particle tracing method. Jet current through centre slit in the static flow and turbulent flow as well as the side discharge of pollutant were simulated as case study. In this paper, finite difference method is used to solve fluid velocity field distribution, and particle tracking method is used to solve convection-diffusion equation. The result shows that the data produced by particle tracing method is reasonable and the method is stable. This method can be applied to the calculation of the convective diffusion of pollutant and spread to other problems.

In modern production, the precision and the importance of rotating machinery is higher and higher in the direction of large-scale, high speed and automation development, so that the traditional fault diagnosis methods are insufficient to deal with massive, multi-source and high-dimensional data, cannot meet the requirements of security and reliability. Therefore, several typical deep learning models are briefly introduced at first and the application of deep learning in fault diagnosis of rotor system, gear box and rolling bearing in recent years is studied and analyzed based on its strong feature extraction ability and advantages of clustering analysis. Finally, the advantages and disadvantages of deep learning model are summarized and the fault diagnosis methods of rotating machinery are summarized and prospected based on engineering practice.

In the wave of informatization, the data generated by enterprise operations has increased rapidly, prompting the intelligent development of enterprise warehousing systems. In the development of BI warehousing systems, the application of big data technology can promote the rapid development of business intelligence warehousing systems. The application of big data technology in the BI warehousing system can improve the service quality of the data intelligence of the warehousing system. Based on data, it provides support for corresponding decision-making, thereby improving the enterprise data management system. Therefore, this article mainly conducts research and analysis on the construction of BI warehousing system under the application of big data technology, and aims to provide a certain reference value for similar events in the future through a detailed explanation of the current situation of BI warehousing system construction and big data technology application.

A simple mathematical model is proposed to account for emissions of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) from three-layer building materials. The model considers both the diffusion within three layer building materials and the mass transfer resistance through the air boundary layer. A general solution method based on Laplace transform is presented. Compared to other models capable of accounting for emissions of VOCs from multi layer building materials, the present model is fully analytical instead of being numerical. The present model was validated by the experimental data from the specially designed test. The results indicated that there was a good agreement between the model predictions and the experimental data. It can also be seen from calculation that model ignoring the boundary layer resistance cannot fully reflect the real situation.

The functional differences between state-owned capital investment companies and production-oriented state-owned enterprises determine the need to reconstruct the performance evaluation system of state-owned capital specialized operation. Based on the goal of specialized operation of state-owned capital, this paper puts forward the ideas and principles of selecting performance indicators, and constructs the evaluation index system.

The judgment of flow pattern in the wellbore of a liquid-producing gas well is very important to the judgment of its liquid-carrying capacity in the production process. Through mathematical fitting of duns- ROS flow pattern of vertical well, Gould flow pattern of inclined well and Goiver flow pattern of horizontal well, the different flow pattern is fitted into 3, 4 and 4 curves respectively, and divided into 9, 10 and 20 regions respectively. The division standard among different regions is given, optimized parameters are selected, and a VB software is edited. The results show that the software fitting effect is accurate, and can be well applied to the actual flow pattern judgment.

This paper puts forward some thoughts on the fine management of power transmission and transformation engineering construction with the help of three-dimensional technology, and discusses the installation, quality acceptance and construction organization deepening application of steel components in power transmission and transformation engineering construction.The physical 3D model is established by scanning technology, and the accuracy of machining components is checked by comparing the design model with the physical model. The construction process is simulated by the three-dimensional engineering management platform, and the problems existing in the actual construction are found, and the optimization of the construction organization design is carried out through the platform.

This article introduces environmentally-friendly metal-enclosed switchgear, and comprehensively summarizes the development status, technical characteristics, technical difficulties and development trends of solid-insulated ring network cabinets and environmentally-friendly gas-insulated switch cabinets. The development status of solid insulated ring network cabinets and environmentallyfriendly gas insulated switch cabinets are reviewed, and their technical characteristics are summarized in terms of volume, structure, maintainability, safety and environmental adaptability. Focus on the analysis and study of the technical difficulties of solid insulated ring network cabinets and environmentally friendly gas insulated switch cabinets, and pointed out the partial discharge control of the surface of the insulating parts, the strengthening of the sealing, the cost control, the recycling and utilization of epoxy resin, the optimization of insulation, and the breaking capacity. The guarantee of the quality, the selection and recovery of mixed gas are their future development trends. It provides a useful reference for the development and improvement of environmentally-friendly metal-enclosed switchgear.

It is very important to calculate the critical liquid-carrying flow for gas well.In this paper, an ellipsoid droplet model is established. By analyzing the droplet force in the inclined well and comprehensively considering the droplet drag force, gravity force, friction force, buoyancy force and supporting force, the general formula for calculating the critical liquid carrying flow is obtained. By using the reasonable formula of gas-liquid interfacial tension and The Formula of Weber number, the critical liquid carrying flow of gas well is verified.

At present, multiphase flow productivity calculation requires many parameters, and most of them only consider oil and gas two-phase flow, which is complicated and limited. Therefore, a reasonable productivity formula of condensate gas reservoir with producing water is needed. The three-zone model of condensate gas reservoirs is generally applied to the physical model for inferring productivity. On this basis, an improved model is established, which includes that different seepage characteristics are considered for different zones. Moreover, the effects of inclined angle and water production on gas wells are regarded as pseudo-skin factors and additional-skin factors. In addition, Zone I considers the effects of high-speed nonDarcy effect(HSND), starting pressure gradient, stress sensitivity, inclined angle and water production; Zone II is the same way excepting starting pressure gradient and stress sensitivity ; Zone III only considers the effects of inclined angle and water production. As a result, a productivity equation with multiple factors for condensate gas wells is established. Through analysing cases and influences in H gas reservoir X1 well, the HSND, starting pressure gradient, stress sensitivity and water production have a negative impact on gas well productivity, but the inclined angle is opposite. Founded that the starting pressure gradient impacts on productivity is less than the HSND because of the limited radius of Zone I; the impact of the HSND on productivity increases with the decreasing of bottom hole pressure; the impact of water production on gas well productivity is much higher. When the angle is over 60°, the effect of gas

In the preparation of gas production plan and the study of gas well proration we often judge the fluid carrying capacity of gas well by the critical fluid carrying rate of the gas well, and then adjust the production plan. At present, spherical droplet model and ellipsoidal droplet model are often used to calculate the fluid flow in gas Wells, but the spherical cap droplet model has not been concerned by relevant scholars. Therefore, we studied the application range of spherical cap droplet model, established relevant mechanical expressions, and finally obtained the formula for calculating the minimum critical liquid carrying rate of spherical cap droplet model. The results show that the spherical cap droplet model cannot be ignored in the conventional droplet model and has a wide range of applications. At the same time, the model is validated by combining with gas Wells of H gas reservoir, and the model has good applicability.

There is a lack of effective liaison between pelagic island microgrids, leading to inflexible transmission of energy between islands. However, the interconnection mode by submarine cables is not economical due to the long distances between islands. Therefore, an energy supply mode based on allelectric vessels is proposed in this paper. The framework and working principle of the mode are first introduced. A two-stage optimization model is established considering the coordinated operation of island microgrid and the swapping plan of all-electric vessels. The simulation results show that the proposed transmission mode can reduce overall costs and the proposed scheduling strategy can promote renewable energy consumption and reduce operation costs.

Horizontal Wells are often used to develop condensate gas reservoirs. When there is edge water in the gas reservoir, it will have a negative impact on the production of natural gas. Therefore, reasonable prediction of its water breakthrough time is of great significance for the efficient development of condensate gas reservoirs.At present, the prediction model of water breakthrough time in horizontal Wells of condensate gas reservoir is not perfect, and there are mainly problems such as incomplete consideration of retrograde condensate pollution and inaccurate determination of horizontal well seepage model. Based on the ellipsoidal horizontal well seepage model, considering the advance of edge water to the bottom of the well and condensate oil to formation, the advance of edge water is divided into two processes. The time when the first water molecule reaches the bottom of the well when the edge water tongue enters is deduced, that is, the time of edge water breakthrough in condensate gas reservoir.The calculation results show that the relative error of water breakthrough time considering retrograde condensate pollution is less than that without consideration, with a higher accuracy. The example error is less than 2%, which can be effectively applied to the development of edge water gas reservoir.

For a better guidance of production, a combination of drill stem testing (DST), regional statistical method and pseudo steady-state seepage theory model was used to analyze the productivity of N gas reservoir in light of the complex geological features of the low-permeability thick-layer. Firstly, the DST method was used to test the N gas reservoir. And then the binomial pseudo-pressure method, binomial pressure square method and exponential method were used to interpret the test data of DST of this formation. Finally, the binomial pseudo-pressure interpretation method was used and the results showed that only the productivity of H3b layer was successfully tested of the four. The H3a, H4b and H5a layers are ultra-low pore and permeability gas reservoirs and the productivity of these layers can’t be explained by the available data due to the short testing time and a non-stationary state of testing pressure and quantity, resulting in the failure of the test. The productivity of the main layers were estimated and forecasted by the regional statistical method and the theoretical model of pseudo steady-state seepage, taking the arithmetic average value of the regional statistical method and the theoretical formula as the final value of absolute open flow rates(AOF). The final calculation results are as follows: the AOF of main gas layers H3a, H3b, H4b and H5a in N gas field is 31.30×104m3/d, 388.92×104m3/d, 20.82×104m3/d and 30.80×104m3/d, respectively. This method may sheds light on verifying and calculating the productivity of gas wells and determining the reasonable production allocation of gas wells.

This article starts with the thought of Taiji, and analyzes the related contents of Taiji elements. The visual guidance sequence in packaging design was analyzed through the analysis of the human eye’s visual guidance mode. This paper probes into the symbolic elements of the shape and composition of Taiji graphics, and obtains the concrete practice way of Taiji thought and visual guidance in packaging design, by combining the traditional Chinese Taiji thought with the modern visual conduction theory, a new way of modern packaging design is obtained.

Dans cette monographie, nous présentons, pour 1983 à 2032, un historique et des projections du nombre de nouveaux cas et des taux d'incidence du cancer pour le Canada, à l'exception des cancers de la peau autres que le mélanome (c.-à -d. les carcinomes basocellulaire et spinocellulaire). Ces renseignements visent à faciliter la planification stratégique et l'affectation de ressources et d'infrastructures pour assurer la prestation future de soins de santé et de mesures de lutte contre le cancer. Évolution projetée des taux d'incidence de cancer : De 2003-2007 à 2028-2032, les taux d'incidence normalisés selon l'âge (TINA) pour l'ensemble des cancers devraient diminuer de 5 % pour les Canadiens, passant de 464,8 à 443,2 pour 100 000 habitants, et augmenter de 4 % pour les Canadiennes, passant de 358,3 à 371,0 pour 100 000 habitants. La diminution globale des taux de cancer chez les hommes sera le résultat de la baisse des taux de cancer du poumon chez les hommes de 65 ans et plus et des taux de cancer de la prostate chez les hommes de 75 ans et plus. L'augmentation globale des taux de cancer chez les femmes correspond à la hausse prévue des taux de cancer du poumon chez les femmes de 65 ans et plus. Elle représente également la hausse prévue des cas de cancer de l'utérus, de la thyroïde, du sein (chez les femmes de moins de 45 ans), du rein et du pancréas ainsi que des cas de leucémie et de mélanome. Parmi les changements les plus importants dans les TINA projetés sur un horizon de 25 ans, mentionnons une augmentation du nombre de cas de cancer de la thyroïde (55 % chez les hommes et 65 % chez les femmes) et de cancer du foie chez les hommes (43 %), et une diminution du nombre de cas de cancer du larynx (47 % chez les hommes et 59 % chez les femmes), de cancer du poumon chez les hommes (34 %) et de cancer de l'estomac (30 % chez les hommes et 24 % chez les femmes). Le taux d'incidence du cancer du poumon chez les femmes devrait continuer d'augmenter de 2 % entre 2003-2007 et 2008-2012, puis commencer à fléchir de 18 % au cours des 20 dernières années de projection. De tous les cancers féminins, on s'attend à ce que l'incidence du cancer du sein soit celle qui change le moins (une hausse de moins de 1 %). L'évolution prévue des taux pour le cancer colorectal est inférieure aux médianes pour l'ensemble des cancers, avec une diminution de 6 %, tant chez les hommes que chez les femmes, durant toute la période de projection. En ce qui concerne le cancer de la prostate, si la prévalence du dépistage se stabilise à l'avenir, les taux devraient demeurer stables. Augmentation prévue du nombre de nouveaux cas de cancer : Au Canada, on prévoit que le nombre annuel de nouveaux cas de cancer augmentera de 84 % chez les hommes, passant de 80 800 en 2003-2007 à 148 400 en 2028-2032, et de 74 % chez les femmes, passant de 74 200 à 128 800. Facteurs des variations dans les cas de cancer : La principale raison de la hausse du nombre de tous les cas de cancer nouvellement diagnostiqués sera le vieillissement de la population canadienne, et dans une moindre mesure la croissance démographique. Les variations du risque de cancer constitueront une composante relativement mineure de la hausse prévue du nombre de nouveaux cas. Les interventions préventives peuvent grandement influencer les taux d'incidence futurs de certains types de cancer. Cancers les plus courants : Les cancers les plus courants chez les hommes — cancers de la prostate, du poumon et de la vessie, cancer colorectal et lymphome non hodgkinien — devraient demeurer inchangés entre 2003-2007 et 2028-2032, mais on prévoit que le cancer colorectal remplacera le cancer du poumon au deuxième rang des cancers les plus fréquemment diagnostiqués d'ici 2028-2032. Chez les femmes, les cancers du sein, du poumon, de l'utérus ainsi que le cancer colorectal sont les quatre principaux cancers pour lesquels de nouveaux cas seront enregistrés au cours de ces deux périodes. Toutefois, le cancer de la thyroïde prendra la place du lymphome non hodgkinien en tant que cinquième cancer en importance d'ici 2028-2032. Incidence selon la zone géographique : Au Canada, le taux d'incidence suit un gradient géographique est-ouest. On prévoit que les taux d'incidence les plus élevés pour la plupart des cancers se situeront dans l'est du Canada (région de l'Atlantique [Nouveau-Brunswick, Île-du-Prince-édouard, Nouvelle-écosse et Terre-Neuve-et-Labrador], Québec ou Ontario), tant chez les hommes que chez les femmes. Même si on prévoit que la Colombie-Britannique continuera d'afficher les taux d'incidence les plus faibles pour la majorité des cancers chez les deux sexes, cette province continuera toutefois de connaître les taux les plus élevés de cancer de l'oesophage chez les femmes, de cancer du foie chez les deux sexes et de cancer du testicule. La région de l'Atlantique devrait enregistrer les taux les plus faibles pour les cancers du sein, de l'utérus et de l'ovaire chez les femmes, et pour le cancer du foie et la leucémie chez les deux sexes. Inversement, on prévoit que cette région connaîtra des taux d'incidence élevés chez les hommes pour environ la moitié des cancers étudiés. Pour tous les cancers combinés, les taux d'incidence les plus élevés devraient demeurer pour les hommes dans la région de l'Atlantique et pour les femmes au Québec dans 15 ans, mais en Ontario par la suite. Les taux d'incidence les plus faibles pour tous les cancers combinés seront en Colombie-Britannique. Les différences interrégionales sont plus importantes chez les hommes que chez les femmes, peut-être en raison des variations dans le dosage de l'antigène prostatique spécifique (APS, pour la détection du cancer de la prostate) et des facteurs de risque. Tant chez les hommes que chez les femmes, les taux d'incidence du cancer colorectal demeureront les plus élevés dans la région de l'Atlantique et les plus faibles en Colombie-Britannique. On prévoit que les taux d'incidence du cancer du poumon seront les plus élevés au Québec et les plus faibles en Ontario et en Colombie-Britannique pour les deux sexes. Les taux régionaux similaires de cancer du sein chez les femmes devraient persister. On s'attend à ce que les taux considérablement plus faibles de cancer de la prostate au Québec le demeurent, tout comme les taux élevés dans la région de l'Atlantique. Incidence selon le sexe et l'âge : Le cancer est plus fréquent chez les hommes que chez les femmes, sauf chez les moins de 55 ans. Le taux d'incidence global du cancer chez les hommes de 65 ans et plus diminue et continuera de diminuer. La baisse des taux de cancer du poumon chez les hommes de 65 ans et plus, attribuable au recul du tabagisme, et la baisse des taux de cancer de la prostate chez les hommes de 75 ans et plus ont contribué à la diminution globale dans cette tranche d'âge. Chez les femmes de 65 ans et plus, les taux relativement stables découlent principalement d'une hausse de l'incidence du cancer du poumon compensée par des baisses de l'incidence pour les autres sièges de cancers. Cette tendance stable devrait se poursuivre. On peut s'attendre à ce que les efforts ciblés de prévention du cancer et les besoins particuliers pour des services de soins de santé varient à différents points de la trajectoire de l'âge, pour les hommes comme pour les femmes. Cancers liés au tabagisme : Entre 2003-2007 et 2028-2032, on prévoit des réductions considérables du risque en ce qui concerne les principaux cancers liés au tabagisme au Canada, et ce, malgré des réductions relativement faibles ou un ralentissement retardé chez les femmes. Les écarts entre les hommes et les femmes concernant les prévisions de ces tendances de l'incidence reflètent le déclin de la prévalence du tabagisme, qui a eu lieu 20 ans plus tôt chez les hommes. Compte tenu de cet écart de 20 ans ou plus entre le recul du tabagisme et la diminution ultérieure de l'incidence de cancer, les taux d'incidence chez les femmes commenceront probablement à chuter de façon plus accentuée à long terme. Cependant, l'incidence devrait augmenter dans le même temps pour les cancers non liés au tabagisme. Cancers associés à un excédent de poids et à la sédentarité : Au cours de la période de projection de 25 ans, on estime que les taux d'incidence des cancers associés à un excédent de poids et à la sédentarité augmenteront de 0,6 à 16 % pour, en ordre décroissant, les cancers de l'utérus, du rein, du pancréas, du sein chez la femme et de l'oesophage chez l'homme. Les taux d'incidence devraient fléchir de 2 à 6 % pour le cancer colorectal et le cancer de l'oesophage chez la femme. La prévalence accrue de l'obésité au Canada contribuerait aux tendances à la hausse de l'incidence. Cancers les plus courants associés à des infections : Entre 2003-2007 et 2028-2032, on s'attend à une escalade des taux d'incidence du cancer du foie, presque trois fois plus rapide chez les hommes que chez les femmes (43 % contre 15 %), tandis que les taux de cancer de l'estomac et de cancer du col de l'utérus continueront de fléchir de 20 à 30 %. La tendance à la hausse constante de l'incidence du cancer du foie est peut-être liée à l'augmentation constatée par le passé et à l'incidence élevée actuelle de l'infection par le virus de l'hépatite C (VHC), au vieillissement de la population déjà infectée et à l'augmentation de l'immigration issue de zones où les facteurs de risque comme le virus de l'hépatite B (VHB) sont prévalents. La diminution constante de l'incidence du cancer de l'estomac peut s'expliquer par l'adoption d'un mode de vie plus sain, en particulier la baisse du tabagisme et un changement des habitudes alimentaires, ainsi que par une amélioration des techniques de reconnaissance et de traitement de l'infection à Helicobacter pylori. La tendance persistante à la baisse des taux de cancer du col de l'utérus est surtout attribuable au dépistage auprès de la population générale par le test de Papanicolaou (Pap) et au traitement efficace des lésions précancéreuses détectées au dépistage. La vaccination des enfants d'âge scolaire contre le virus du papillome humain (VPH) devrait réduire davantage l'incidence de cancer du col de l'utérus. Répercussions pour les stratégies de lutte contre le cancer : On s'attend à ce que le vieillissement et la croissance de la population mènent à une hausse progressive et appréciable du nombre total de nouveaux cas de cancer au Canada au cours des 25 prochaines années. Par conséquent, le présent rapport préconise un renforcement des stratégies de lutte contre le cancer et l'allocation de ressources suffisantes pour répondre aux besoins futurs en matière de soins de santé et pour réduire le fardeau du cancer au Canada. Même si on prévoit une diminution des taux d'incidence pour de nombreux cancers, on estime que les taux de certains cancers, par exemple ceux de la thyroïde, du foie, de l'utérus, du pancréas, du rein et la leucémie, connaîtront une augmentation. Des recherches étiologiques supplémentaires sont nécessaires pour mieux comprendre les facteurs de risque et orienter les efforts de prévention. Cette monographie souligne l'importance de prévenir le cancer par divers moyens : réduction du tabagisme, promotion d'une alimentation saine, de l'activité physique et de la gestion du poids, meilleure participation au dépistage du cancer et augmentation de la couverture vaccinale contre le virus du papillome humain (VPH). Les incidences des changements à venir dans nos profils démographiques et les tendances relatives au cancer devraient être prises en compte par l'ensemble des activités de lutte contre le cancer, que ce soit la recherche et la surveillance, la prévention et la détection précoce, le traitement ou les soins médicaux, psychosociaux et palliatifs.

In this monograph, we present historical and projected cancer incidence frequencies and rates for Canada, excluding non-melanoma skin cancers (i.e. basal and squamous carcinomas), in 1983 to 2032. The information is intended to help in planning strategy and allocating resources and infrastructure for future cancer control and health care. Projected changes in cancer incidence rates: From 2003-2007 to 2028-2032, the agestandardized incidence rates (ASIRs) for all cancers combined are predicted to decrease in Canadian males by 5%, from 464.8 to 443.2 per 100 000 population, and increase in Canadian females by 4%, from 358.3 to 371.0 per 100 000. The overall decrease in cancer rates in males will be driven by the decrease in lung cancer rates in men aged 65Endnote * or older and in prostate cancer rates in men aged 75 or older. The overall increase in cancer rates in females reflects the predicted rise in lung cancer rates in women aged 65 or older. The increase also represents the expected increase in cancers of the uterus, thyroid, breast (in females under 45), leukemia, pancreas, kidney and melanoma. The largest changes in ASIRs projected over the 25-year forecasting horizon are increases in thyroid cancer (55% in males and 65% in females) and liver cancer in males (43%) and decreases in larynx cancer (47% in males and 59% in females), lung cancer in males (34%) and stomach cancer (30% in males and 24% in females). The incidence rate of lung cancer in females is projected to continue to rise by 2% from 2003-2007 to 2008-2012 and then start to decrease in the last 20 projection years, by 18%. Breast cancer incidence is expected to change the least (an increase of less than 1%) of all cancers in females. The predicted changes in the rates for colorectal cancer are below the medians in all cancers, with a decrease of 6% for both males and females during the entire projection period. The rates for prostate cancer are projected to be stable, based on an assumption of future stabilization in the prevalence of screening. New cancer cases to rise: The annual number of new cancer cases is predicted to increase by 84% in Canadian males, from 80 800 in 2003-2007 to 148 400 in 2028-2032, and by 74% in Canadian females, from 74 200 to 128 800. Drivers of the changes in cancer cases: The primary reason for the increase in the number of all newly diagnosed cancer cases will be the aging of the Canadian population and, to a lesser extent, the increase in population size. Changes in the risk of cancer will constitute a relatively small component of the projected increase in new cases. Preventive interventions can have a strong influence on future incidence rates for individual cancer types. Most common cancers: The most common new cancers in males--prostate, colorectal, lung and bladder cancers, and non-Hodgkin lymphoma--are projected to remain the same from 2003-2007 to 2028-2032, but colorectal cancer is predicted to outrank lung cancer as the second most frequently diagnosed cancer by 2028-2032. For females, breast, lung, colorectal and uterine cancers figure as the top 4 most common incident cancers in both periods. However, thyroid cancer will overtake non-Hodgkin lymphoma as the fifth most common cancer by 2028-2032. Incidence by geographical region: There is an east-west gradient in incidence across Canada. The highest incidence rates for most cancers are projected to be in eastern Canada (Atlantic region [New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island, Nova Scotia, and Newfoundland and Labrador], Quebec or Ontario) for both males and females. While British Columbia is projected to continue to have the lowest incidence rates for the majority of cancers in both sexes, this province will also continue to experience the highest rates for esophageal cancer in females, liver cancer in both sexes and testis cancer. The Atlantic region is projected to have the lowest incidence rates for cancers of the breast, uterus and ovary in females, and for liver cancer and leukemia in both sexes. In contrast, this region is projected to experience elevated incidence rates in males for about half the cancers studied. The incidence rates for all cancers combined are projected to continue to be highest for males in the Atlantic region and for females in Quebec in 15 years but in Ontario thereafter, and lowest in British Columbia. The inter-regional differences are larger in males than in females, possibly due to variations in prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing (for prostate cancer) and risk factors. In both males and females, colorectal cancer incidence rates will remain highest in the Atlantic region and lowest in British Columbia. Lung cancer incidence rates are projected to be highest in Quebec and lowest in Ontario and British Columbia for both sexes. The similar regional rates of breast cancer in females are expected to persist. The significantly lowest rates of prostate cancer in Quebec are projected to continue, as are the elevated rates in the Atlantic region. Incidence by sex and age: Cancer is more common in males than in females except in those aged under 55. The overall cancer incidence rate in men aged 65 or older has been falling and will continue to do so. The decrease in lung cancer rates in men aged 65 or older from decreased tobacco use and the decrease in prostate cancer rates in men aged 75 or older have contributed to the overall decrease in this age range. In women aged 65 or older, the relatively stable rate is primarily the result of an increase in lung cancer incidence offset by decreases in incidence for the other cancer sites. This stable trend is projected to continue. Targeted cancer prevention efforts and specific needs for health care services can be expected to vary at different points in the age continuum for males and females. Smoking-related cancers: Between 2003-2007 and 2028-2032, substantial risk reductions are projected for major common tobacco-related cancers in Canada, even with relatively lower reductions or delayed downturn trends in females. The differences between males and females in the predicted incidence trends of these cancers mirror the historical pattern of reductions in smoking prevalence that took place in males 20 years earlier than in females. Given the lag of 20 years or more between the reduction in smoking and subsequent decrease in cancer incidence, the incidence rates in females will likely begin to drop more noticeably over the longer term. By comparison, the risk of cancer incidence is forecast to increase for non-tobacco-related cancers. Cancers associated with excess weight and physical inactivity: Over the 25-year projection period, the incidence rates for cancers associated with excess weight and physical inactivity are estimated to increase by 0.6% to 16% for cancers of the uterus, kidney, pancreas, female breast and male esophagus, in descending order. Incidence rates are expected to decrease by 2% to 6% for colorectal and female esophageal cancer. Increased obesity prevalence in Canada may contribute to the increased incidence trends. Most common infection-associated cancers: From 2003-2007 to 2028-2032, the incidence rates of liver cancer are expected to escalate almost 3 times faster in males than in females (43% vs. 15%), while the rate of stomach and cervical cancer will continue to decrease by 20% to 30%. The ongoing increasing trend of liver cancer incidence is possibly linked to the historical increase and continued high incidence in hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, the aging of the previously infected population, and increasing immigration from areas where risk factors such as hepatitis B virus (HBV) are prevalent. The persisting decrease in incidence of stomach cancer may be explained by improved healthy behaviours, such as decreased smoking and changes in diet, and increased recognition and treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection. The continuing downward trend in the rates of cervical cancer is mainly attributable to general population screening with the Papanicolaou (Pap) test and successful treatment of screening-detected premalignant lesions. The immunization of school-aged children with the vaccine for human papilloma virus (HPV) is anticipated to further reduce the incidence of cervical cancer. Implications for cancer control strategies: The projected aging and growth of the population are expected to lead to a progressive and significant increase in the total number of new cancer cases in Canada over the next 25 years. Consequently, this report indicates the need to continue to strengthen cancer control strategies and leverage resources to meet future health care requirements and reduce the burden of cancer in Canada. Although incidence rates are projected to decrease for many cancers, the rates for some cancers, for example, thyroid, liver, uterus, pancreas, kidney and leukemia, are estimated to increase. Additional etiological research is needed to better understand risk factors and guide prevention efforts. This monograph underscores the importance of cancer prevention by curbing smoking; promoting healthy eating, physical activity and weight management; enhancing uptake of cancer screening; and increasing coverage of HPV vaccination. The implication of future changes in our demographic profiles and cancer trends should be addressed from the full spectrum of cancer control, including research and surveillance, prevention and early detection, treatment, and psychosocial, palliative and medical care.

Chinese kitchen environment is usually hot and humid in summer and cold in winter, while housewife spends considerable time there. This investigation developed a new ventilation system for Chinese kitchens to improve thermal comfort level. To assess the thermal performance of the ventilation system, 32 cooks were asked to prepare the same dishes in the kitchen with or without the system in summer in Changsha, China. The assessment was carried out by subjective questionnaire survey on thermal sensation vote (TSV) and objective on-site measurements of the indoor air temperature and cook’s skin temperature. The indoor air temperature was measured at different locations in the kitchen. The skin temperature was measured at 18 body parts of the cooks. The results show that the thermal environment in the kitchen was non-uniform and local thermal sensation had a great influence on the whole body sensation. Without the new ventilation system, the cooks complained that the hottest parts were thorax, head and face areas. Reasonably good correlation existed between the cooks’ skin temperatures and their thermal sensation votes. The increase of cooks’ skin temperature with the ventilation system was lower than that without the ventilation system. TSV was improved with the new ventilation system.

Thermal environment in residential kitchen in China is transient and non-uniform and with strong radiation asymmetry from gas stove. Due to the complexity of kitchen thermal environment, it is not sure if previous thermal comfort models can accurately predict the thermal comfort in residential kitchens. In order to evaluate if existing thermal comfort models can be applied for Chinese kitchens, this investigation conducted human subject tests for 20 cooks when preparing dishes in a kitchen. The study measured skin temperatures of the cooks and environmental parameters and used questionnaires to obtain their thermal sensation votes at the same time. The actual thermal sensation votes were compared with the predicted ones by four thermal comfort models: predicted mean vote (PMV) model, dynamic thermal sensation (DTS) model, the University of California at Berkeley (UCB) model, and the transient outdoor thermal comfort model from Lai et al. The results showed that all the models could predict the trend of the thermal sensations but with errors. The PMV model overpredicted the thermal sensations. The UCB and Lai’s models showed a slower change in thermal sensation votes (TSV) after turning on the stove. The DTS model was more accurate than the others in predicting the mean thermal sensation, but with a large variation in predicting individual thermal sensation votes. A better thermal comfort model should be developed for Chinese residential kitchens.

Although the battery surface temperature is commonly measured, the core temperature of a cell may be much higher hence more critical than the surface temperature. The core temperature of a battery, though usually unmeasured in commercial applications, can be estimated by an observer, based on a lumped-parameter battery thermal model and the measurement of the current and the surface temperature. Even with a closed loop observer based on the measured surface temperature, the accuracy of the core temperature estimation depends on the model parameters. For such purpose, an online parameterization methodology and an adaptive observer are designed for a cylindrical battery. The single cell thermal model is then scaled up to create a battery cluster model to investigate the temperature pattern of the cluster. The modeled thermal interconnections between cells include cell to cell heat conduction and convection to the surrounding coolant flow. An observability analysis is performed on the cluster before designing a closed loop observer for the pack. Based on the analysis, guidelines for determining the minimum number of required sensors and their exact locations are derived that guarantee the observability of all temperature states. Bien que la température de surface d’une batterie soit généralement mesurée, la température interne d’une cellule peut être beaucoup plus élevée donc plus critique que la température de surface. La température interne d’une batterie, pourtant normalement non mesurée dans les applications commerciales, peut être évaluée par un observateur, sur la base d’un modèle thermique de batterie à constantes localisées et à partir de la mesure du courant et de la température de surface. Même avec un observateur en boucle fermée basé sur la température de surface mesurée, la précision de l’estimation de la température interne dépend des constantes du modèle. Dans cette optique, une méthodologie de paramétrage en ligne et un observateur adaptatif sont conçus pour une batterie cylindrique. Le modèle thermique à une seule cellule est ensuite agrandi afin de créer un modèle de cluster de batteries dans le but d’étudier le schéma de température du cluster. Les interconnexions thermiques modélisées entre les cellules incluent la conduction de chaleur de cellule à cellule et la convection au flux du liquide de refroidissement environnant. Une analyse d’observabilité est effectuée sur le cluster avant la conception, pour le pack, d’un observateur en boucle fermée. Sur la base de l’analyse, les lignes directrices permettant la détermination du nombre minimal de sondes requises et leurs positionnements exacts sont déduites permettant d’assurer l’observabilité de tous les états thermiques.

Sea Radar is an important technical measure for protecting national maritime resources and island sovereignty. The calculation of sea target velocity and course is important to monitor and track sea targets for sea radar, for calculation precision is directly related to the tracking effect of sea target. This paper systematically studies the problem on calculation of sea target velocity and course for sea radar, explicates the relevant technical principles, proposes effective algorithms for calculating sea target velocity and course based on multi-frame accumulative information, and gives a corresponding solution suitable for the scenario of sea target maneuvering. Finally, based on comparison analysis of real radar data and Automatic Identification System (AIS) data, we verify the precision of our algorithms.

This research aims to study learning environment, and let the learning environment become smart. Swarm intelligence, cloud computing, and active Ultra-High Frequency RFID were used on it. We built friendly human-computer-interface software for users to use as pad phone. The Extensible Markup Language (XML) and C sharp language were used in this research. If the users begin to search, the kernel safety learning system automatically communicates with other RFID readers by agents, and the agents can search the closer camera for users. This study’s result has successfully implemented to Chin-Huo educational organization, and it would be helpful for the paterfamilias to hold all situations about their children at Chin-Huo educational organization. Paterfamilias can understand their children’s learning, going to Chin-Huo and leaving Chin-Huo through personal computers, or notebooks simultaneously or asynchronously by the computer-mediated communication. That will be great help in the grip of whole after-school remedial education, teaching and learning situation.

The three-dimensional (3D) radar can detect 3D information of air targets, including range, azimuth and height. It is considered as an important equipment of the air defense detection system in various countries. The precision of target height measurement is the key challenge in radar detection due to the influences of the complex background environment of air targets. This paper considers the background knowledge during target detection. By using the background knowledge of radar position meteorological parameters and multi-dimensional radar position RAG maps etc., this paper proposes an integrated software processing method to improve the precision of target height measurement for 3D radar and designs a height confidence evaluation model to improve the fusion precision of height information in the superior command unit of the radar.

Mevalonate pyrophosphate decarboxylase (MVD) plays important roles in triterpenoid biosynthesis via the mevalonate pathway. A novel MVD gene was isolated and identified in Antrodia cinnamomea (Ac-mvd). The full-length cDNA contained an open reading frame with a length of 1,209 bp and encoded a 402-amino acid polypeptide with a molecular mass of 43.3 kDa and a theoretical pI of 8.23. As incubation time was prolonged for 28 days, the triterpenoid content in the mycelium gradually increased and reached 39.192 ± 2.025 mg/g; the triterpenoid content of the fruiting body grew in the hay of Cinnamomum kanehirae (ACFB-CK), was 49.391 ± 2.675 mg/g, which was significantly different from other samples (P < 0.05). qRT-PCR revealed that the highest expression levels of Ac-mvd in the mycelium of Antrodia cinnamomea were detected on the 7th day. The expression levels gradually decreased as culture time was extended from 14 days to 42 days.

Polydopamine/cobalt hexacyanoferrate (PDA-CoHCF) composite films on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) have been electropolymerized by using cyclic voltammetry. The composite films were electrochemically activated in a potassium hydroxide solution and were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM) measurements. The electrochemical activation could cause some changes of composite membrane interface structure and improve the electrochemical performance of the corresponding modified electrode in a phosphate buffer solution containing dopamine. The PDA-CoHCF film modified glassy carbon electrode could response dopamine sensitively in cyclic voltammetry measurements for electrochemical oxidation and reduction. The linear response slope and regression coefficient is 1.546 μA/μM and 0.985, respectively, in the concentration range from 2.0 μM to 10 μM dopamine.