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A two-node model for thermal characteristics and a dynamic model of High Altitude Super Pressure Balloon (HASPB) during ascending process are established. The thermal performance of HASPB during ascending process is analyzed. Several simulations are conducted under the same conditions with the real flight test. Results show that supercool phenomenon occurs during ascending caused by free expansion of gas, and the value is about 10-15 K. Once the balloon reaches the design height and becomes over-pressured, the temperature of balloon rises rapidly, and this adjustment process lasts for about 10 minutes. The real flight test to 20000 m validates the reliability of the two-node model.