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This study was conducted to investigate the effects of herbs and humic acid supplementation on Dry Matter, Organic Matter, Crude Protein, and Crude Fibre digestibility of local goats. Twenty-four growing female goats were randomly allocated in completely randomized design experiments with 4 treatments and 6 replications. The 4 treatments were the addition of herbs with No humid acid (T-0), Herbs + 2 g humid acid/goat (T-1), Herbs + 4 g humid acid/goat (T-2), and Herbs + 6 g humid acid/goat (T-3). The herbs used were a mix of Melastoma malabatrichum, Andrographis paniculata, Curcuma longa, and Nigella sativa. All goats were given the same amount of Tofu waste, fermented Palm Oil Sludge, and grasses. Feed offer, feed residue, fecal output, and digestibility were measured during a 7-day measurement period, with an adaptation period of 3 weeks. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance followed by Duncan's post-hoc test. Results showed no difference among all treatments on the intake of dry matter intake and organic matter, crude protein, and crude fiber. ADG and DMI/metabolic body weight of T-1 were significantly higher than that of the other treatments. The addition of herbs and humic acid tended to increase dry matter intake per metabolic body weight and increased significantly (P

Background: The development of functional food with local ingredients of black soybeans and brown rice in the form of cream soup as emergency food is important. These foods have high nutritional content for nutritional preparedness efforts in disaster and health crises. Objective: This study aims to determine the acceptability and nutritional value of three types of cream soup (original flavor, mushroom, and vegetable onion). Methods: There were 236 panelists from 3 provinces (West Java, Yogyakarta, and East Java) for the sensory acceptability test. Nutritional value is measured with HPLC, AAS, or Gravimetric methods according to AOAC (Association of Official Analytical Chemists). Result: The best results for the acceptability of the overall parameter of cream soup in 3 flavors of original (6.6±2.3), mushroom (6.7±2.3), and vegetable onion (7.2±2.4) were in the provinces of West Java. The highest nutritional value of the 3 cream soup variants is found in the mushroom variant with nutritional values of energy (418.14 kcal), protein (12.75 gr), fat (12.65 gr), fiber (15.76 gr), and sodium (1,608 g). Conclusion: The best acceptable product in terms of color, aroma, texture, and taste was the vegetable onion cream soup variant. One portion of cream soup can meet daily energy requirements of 21.5%.

Contraception or anti-conception is an action that can be taken to prevent pregnancy. Birth control pills are an example of a popular hormonal contraceptive in Indonesia. The Contraceptive Prevalence Rate (CPR) or the level of contraceptive device users in Indonesia continues to increase from year to year from 57% in 1997, then based on the Demographic Survey in 2020, it reached 61.78% usage. Apart from the benefits, contraception certainly has several side effects, one of which is changes in body weight. The aimed of this study was to determine the relationship between the use of contraceptive pills with the changes in of acceptors’ body weight at the Umbulharjo I Community Health Center. Research was conducted using quantitative research methods with an analytical survey design using a cross-sectional approach. The sampling technique used in this research was accidental sampling using minimum data, namely 30 samples. Statistical analysis using the paired samples correlation test shows a significance value of 0.00, 0.000

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic disease characterized by insulin resistance and hyperglycemia. T2DM is a serious public health problem with increasing prevalence throughout the world. In Indonesia, the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus is estimated at 10,3%. This study aims to determine the characteristics of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients at Puskesmas Sanden. This research is a descriptive observational study with a cross sectional approach. Data was collected from medical records of patients with T2DM at Puskesmas Sanden. Data were collected from medical records of T2DM patients in Puskesmas Sanden. A total of 96 respondents fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The majority of T2DM patients were female (56.3%) and aged 51-65 years (51.0%). Hypertension was the most common comorbidity (63.0%). Many patients experienced complications such as nephropathy diabetic (4.0%), ophtalmic disease (9.0%), neuropathy diabetic (13.0%) and vascular disease (17.0%). T2DM is a serious disease with a high prevalence and can cause dangerous complications.

The increasing number of students at Nusa Putra University will lead to high water demand. The research objective was to plan the use of rainwater as an alternative source and design a rainwater harvesting tank. A quantitative descriptive method was used for data collection and analysis. With 1671 students 130 daily staff and a garden of 267.82 m2, efficient water management is necessary. Rainfall data from Ciraden Post for the past 10 years was used. The results showed a rainwater tank capacity of 300 m3 with a total rainwater storage of 1144.82 m3. This tank meets 23% of the toilet and garden water needs every month. The tank is designed using red bricks with a size of 15 m long, 5 m wide, and 4 m high. This research highlights the importance of rainwater utilization in addressing water needs in the campus environment.

The increasing number of students at Nusa Putra University will lead to high water demand. The research objective was to plan the use of rainwater as an alternative source and design a rainwater harvesting tank. A quantitative descriptive method was used for data collection and analysis. With 1671 students 130 daily staff and a garden of 267.82 m2, efficient water management is necessary. Rainfall data from Ciraden Post for the past 10 years was used. The results showed a rainwater tank capacity of 300 m3 with a total rainwater storage of 1144.82 m3. This tank meets 23% of the toilet and garden water needs every month. The tank is designed using red bricks with a size of 15 m long, 5 m wide, and 4 m high. This research highlights the importance of rainwater utilization in addressing water needs in the campus environment.

Red dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) has bioactive compounds such as phenols, flavonoids, and betacyanin that can work as active ingredients for sunscreen. The purposes of this study were to determine the SPF value and physical characteristics of red dragon fruit flesh extract cream. The concentrations of red dragon fruit extract used were 0.07% (F1), 0.14% (F2) and 0.28% (F3). SPF value of this cream determine by UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Evaluation of the physical characteristics of the cream includes organoleptic characteristics, homogeneity, pH, physical stability, spread diameter, adhesiveness, and cream type. The results show there was a difference in SPF values in the group given the extract. F1 has the highest SPF value, namely 1.291 ± 0.007. The evaluation of physical characteristics produced a good cream preparation that met the requirements of the physical characteristics of the cream.

This study aims to explain the relationship between Muhammadiyah and the Indonesian Government in the efforts to realize peace for the Rohingya conflict. Further, the study explain the tidal tide between Muhammadiyah and the Indonesian Government in realizing peace for the Rohingya in Rakhine, mainly concern to peace diplomacy strategies. The Indonesian government emphasized silent diplomacy as a strategy for ethnic Rohingya conflict resolution. This is very reasonable because ASEAN still adheres to the principle of non-intervention. Muhammadiyah, in a statement, strongly rejected silent diplomacy, arguing that the absence of political pressure from Indonesia to Myanmar to stop the genocide. Using Faith-based Diplomacy approach, the main argument of this study is that although the interests of Muhammadiyah (religious organization) and Indonesia (government) are the same namely the realization of peace, but with the differences in the views of diplomacy (instrument) strategy exerts the difference in the meaning of the results of peace diplomacy itself.

One of the many advantages of chitosan obtained from the shells of mud crabs is that it acts as an antibiotic against acne. This study set out to determine chitosan’s characteristic properties that were taken from Scylla sp shells, the nanoparticle’s dimension, and the optimal chitosan nanoparticle concentration to stop the growth of acne-causing Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis. A descriptive approach is used in this research methodology to evaluate the chitosan’s quality and antibacterial efficacy. Chitosan nanoparticles at varying concentrations (0.20%, 0.25%, 0.50%, 1%, and 1.25%) are included as the only independent factor, and changes are examined within a 95% confidence interval. The positive control is ampicillin, while the negative control is acetic acid. A Particle Size Analyzer (PSA) was used to analyze the chitosan nanoparticles’ dimensions, and the results showed that they were 47.04 nm. At different doses, chitosan nanoparticles’ inhibitory effect on the growth of S. aureus and S. epidermidis was assessed. Both S. aureus and S. epidermidis growth were effectively inhibited at a concentration of 0.50 percent. The chitosan nanoparticle activity in this investigation fell within the moderate to strong range.

Dumai City is one of the cities in Riau Province, Indonesia, located in the coastal area. As an industrial and trade city, the fisheries sector in Dumai City is under intense pressure due to this marine activity. On the other hand, Dumai City has the second highest Human Development Index (HDI) value in Riau Province after Pekanbaru City. The high HDI status of Dumai City makes it attractive to study whether it is directly proportional to the HDI value of the fishermen community and its socioeconomic sustainability status. The survey method was used in this study. This study aims to analyze the sustainability status of Dumai City’s fisheries from social and economic aspects by considering HDI indicators in health, education, and economic aspects. This study uses two analysis methods: the calculation of HDI and sustainability status using Rapfish. The HDI value of the Dumai City fishermen community is 69,35. These results show that the condition of the Dumai fishermen community is still relatively low when measured by the HDI indicator. If examined based on sustainability analysis, the social and economic aspects of the Dumai City fishermen community are 39,56, with a less sustainable status.

Drying is one of the crucial stages in processing coffee cherries into ready-to-use coffee beans. The drying process aims to reduce the moisture content in coffee beans so as to prevent mold growth and maintain the quality of coffee beans. The development of a coffee cherry dryer is very important to obtain superior quality coffee beans in a shorter time. Currently, Menoreh coffee farmers in the Menoreh Hills of Kulon Progo Regency generally carry out the drying process naturally by sun-drying. On the other hand, this method requires a longer time of up to several weeks, which can cause unpleasant odors and a decrease in the quality of coffee beans. This study aims to determine the drying characteristics of Menoreh coffee using a microwave to improve the quality and efficiency of Menoreh coffee production. The microwave drying method was chosen as an alternative to optimize the drying process of Menoreh coffee. This study used the microwave drying method for 30 minutes with two temperature variations, 90 and 100°C at 800 W. The results showed that more effective drying was achieved using the microwave method with 800 W power at 100°C. In addition, the reduction in moisture content obtained after the drying process at 90 and 100°C was 40.9645% and 45.0231%, respectively.

Clove leaves are waste products from clove plantations in Kulon Progo, Yogyakarta. Most clove utilization is limited to the buds, while clove leaves have the potential to be a source of essential oil. Essential oil from clove leaves can be extracted using steam-water distillation. One factor influencing the characteristics of clove leaf essential oil production is the variation in material size. In this study, essential oil extraction was conducted using the steam-water distillation method with different clove leaf sizes, namely 2 cm, 3 cm, 4 cm, and 5 cm. The differences in clove leaf size were intended to determine the most suitable leaf size for extraction using the steam-water distillation method. This study showed that a clove leaf size of 2 cm produced a volume and yield of clove leaf oil of 53.5 ml and 5.45%, respectively. The density value of clove leaf oil obtained from this study was 1.019 grams/mL. The clove leaf oil produced was clear yellowish and had the characteristic aroma of clove oil. These criteria meet SNI 06-2378-2006 for clove leaf oil.

This study aimed to explore the integration of mangroves into a polyculture system involving various fish species, including milkfish (Chanos chanos), tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus), and tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) in Langensari, Subang, West Java and assess water quality and analyze heavy metal content in mangrove root sediments. Observations were conducted at two observation stations, namely: Station1, in a residential pond (ST-1) and Station-2 in the estuary area (ST-2). Water quality and heavy metal content taken from root sediments were measured using AA-7000, Shimadzu® atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). At Station-1 (ST-1), three dominant mangrove species were found, namely R. stylosa, A. marina, and B. gymnorhiza. While in ST-2, A. marina and S. caseolaris were found. Water quality parameters, Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), pH, and heavy metals Cu, Cd, and Pb were conducted to assess the effectiveness of the roots’ ability to precipitate pollutants. Water quality test results showed that A. marina roots were more effective at precipitating heavy metals than R. stylosa roots in both locations. A. marina showed higher levels of Cu, Cd, and Pb than R. stylosa.

A ship grounding on coral reefs can cause severe physical and biological damage, including coral dislodgement and removal, skeleton destruction, sediment erosion, and loss of three-dimensional complexity. The event of a ship grounding in Karimunjawa National Park caused live coral degradation of 100% and massive damage to foliose and branched coral. The total loss of hard coral biodiversity reached 261,274 colonies in an area of ±2687.87 square meters. This destruction has reduced the biodiversity of coral reefs, necessitating urgent conservation and restoration efforts in the affected area. The specific data provided, such as variations in population and density, helps provide a comprehensive understanding of the ecological damage caused by the ship grounding.

This study aims to find out how the physical and mechanical properties of banana tree frond fibers are strengthened by a polyester matrix with various variations of fiber fractions. The study began by making three types of specimens with differences in volume fractions, namely 6% fiber + 94% matrix, 9% fiber + 91% matrix and 12% fiber + 88% matrix with the hand lay – up method. The results of making composites are carried out physical properties testing in the form of density testing, water absorption and thick development and mechanical testing with tensile tests. The results of the physical properties test show that the average density value of each volume fraction variation is above the JIS A509 – 2003 standard. The water absorption value and the thick development of the three fraction variations are still below the maximum limit. While in mechanical properties testing, the highest tensile strength value was obtained at a volume fraction of 12% fiber + 88% matrix with an average tensile strength value of 37.28 MPa.

Ciujung watershed is located in Banten province, Indonesia. The Ciujung watershed is one of the watersheds that have a significant area coverage, such as Serang, Lebak, and the eastern part of Pandeglang. These areas are developing both in terms of population growth and infrastructure. Therefore, a more in-depth study of the Ciujung watershed, namely morphometric studies, is needed to optimize the utilization of the river's renewable natural resources and mitigate potential flood hazards in the watershed area. The method used is remote sensing based on DEMNAS satellite data using QGis software. The parameters analyzed were watershed shape, watershed area, river branch ratio, and river density. The results show that the Ciujung watershed is divided into 14 sub-watersheds. In general, the sub-watersheds have a bird feather shape, and some are radial and parallel, which causes some research areas to be very at risk of flooding. From the condition of river branching, most areas are unaffected by deformation. A small part of the deformed area occurs in the middle area of the Ciujung watershed. This is interpreted to be related to tectonic activity. The drainage density shows that the Ciujung watershed is based on resistant rocks and materials, so it is easily eroded and causes siltation of the river in the downstream area, which can trigger flooding.

An analysis of the power requirements of the peanut harvesting machine was carried out to determine the type and size of tractor power that will be used. A tractor with a self-propelled motor will distribute traction power to the peanut harvesting implement on the peanut digger unit (digger), the peanut plant shaker/shake unit and the pod reversing unit with peanut plants (inverter). Field performance results obtained by a digging machine with a 90 HP four-wheeled tractor with a working width of 120 cm, depth of 11.6 cm, working capacity of 3,27 hours/ha (0,31 ha/hours), field working efficiency of 72.05%, fuel oil usage of 6.95 liters/ ha, and power for harvesting peanuts of 9.2916 hp. The operational costs of a peanut harvesting machine is IDR 134,331 per ha. By using a (general) rental rate of IDR 175,000 per ha, a rental profit 0f IDR 33,951 per hais obtained with the BEP of the peanut harvesting machine having to work for 865.66 hours per year or 1,731 ha per year with a B/C ratio of 1,07966 at 10% interest and 1.06187 with 16% interest and IRR of 40,12%.

SS400 and ASTM A36 a low-carbon steel materials that are used in the industry in the connection process to create materials according to the design. The aim of this research is to review the mechanical properties that occur in low-carbon steel materials in the MIG and TIG welding process with current variations and provide advice on low-carbon steel in welding. The materials used are ASTM A 36 and SS 304 steel. MIG welding uses a plate with a thickness of 6mm and uses AWS A5.18 ER 705-6 electrode diameter of 1.2mm. TIG welding uses a cylinder with a diameter of 6mm. The method of this review reported the tensile strength of low-carbon steel ASTM A36 with current variations of 150, 155, and 160A for MIG. Current variations of SS304 low-carbon steel are 80, 100, and 120A for TIG. The result of tensile strength with the MIG process produces the highest average current of 150 A of 354.92MPa. The results of tensile strength TIG process for 100A of 1007.31 MPa. The suggestion of this review is in MIG welding a greater current is required to obtain a high tensile strength value than the current required for TIG welding on low-carbon steel ASTM A 36 with a carbon content of 0.29% C and on SS304 with a carbon content of 0.042% - 0.07% C. Welding for stainless steel material can be used on TIG welding to get maximum tensile strength values. For ASTM A36 steel materials, MIG welding can be an option.

In 2019 the National Standardization Agency (BSN) issued the latest Indonesian National Standard (SNI), namely SNI 1726:2019 concerning Procedures for Planning Earthquake Resistance for Building Structures and No Buildings. SNI 1726:2019 is a revision of SNI 1726:2012. The purpose of this study was to determine the percentage of displacement ratio in tall buildings between using SNI for Planning Procedures for Earthquake Resistance for Building Structures and Building Structures SNI 1726:2012 and SNI 1726:2019. The method used in this research is data analysis using numerical methods. Data analysis by analyzing steel building structures and modeling steel building designs using SAP2000. The results of the analysis show that the comparison of drift between floors in buildings using SNI 2012 and SNI 2019 is not very significant and is still within the allowable deviation limits.

Macroalgae are primary producers supporting marine ecosystems by providing food and oxygen. Industrially, they are valuable as raw materials or additives in products such as pharmaceuticals, health supplements, cosmetics, food and animal feed. The aim of this research is to know the nutritional composition of two species of macroalgae from Mamburit Island, including proximate, vitamin, and dietary fiber. The content of carbohydrate of Sargassum sp. and Padina sp. was 73.5 % and 66. 8 %. Moisture, ash, fat and protein content of Sargassum were 8.5 %, 2.6 %, 0.5 % and 4.3 %, and the content of moisture, ash, fat and protein from Padina were 9.7 %, 2.9 %, 0.6 %, and 4.3 %. Vitamin C and dietary fiber content were 1.5 mg/100g and 10.3 % of Sargassum sp., 2,5 mg/100g and 15.5 % of Padina sp. These findings highlight the potential of these macroalgae as nutrient rich resources.

Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan Muhammadiyah 2 Turi Sleman has a photovoltaic system that powers the computer room. However, since 2022, the system has not been working correctly. This paper aims to restore the photovoltaic system’s functionality. The activities include checking the condition of the system’s components and taking corrective actions. During the inspection, it was found that the solar module was not installed outdoors, and the battery’s performance had decreased, showing a voltage of only 11.95 V. The solar module had been installed outdoors correctly. Performance tests revealed that the system can produce electrical energy, with the solar module generating an average open circuit voltage of 23.32 V in sunny weather. The battery repair resulted in an average voltage of 12.23 V. The photovoltaic system now functions as a power supply for the computer room.

This study explores the observation that many companies, particularly small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), do not recognize plants as biological assets requiring recognition in their financial statements. SME One Home Farm, a small company involved in organic farming, has not yet recorded olive trees as biological assets in its financial reports. The aim of this research is to analyze the accounting treatment of biological assets at SME One Home Farm, including the recognition, measurement, presentation, and disclosure processes in accordance with PSAK 69, and to compare the conditions before and after the implementation of proper accounting for biological assets. The results indicate that SME One Home Farm has not accounted for the value of its biological assets due to limited accounting knowledge and has only focused on recording sales and minor cash expenditures without considering the value of the plants. As a result, the financial statements do not fully reflect the contribution of biological assets, leading to an increased risk of unforeseen losses. In summary, SME One Home Farm has not met the PSAK No. 69 requirements in its financial reporting concerning the management of biological assets.

This study analyzes the return and volatility spillover between oil-gold and oil-Bitcoin pairs before and after the COVID-19 pandemic using the Dynamic Conditional Correlation Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (DCC-GARCH) model. The data used in this research consists of daily returns of oil, gold, and Bitcoin from January 2018 to December 2021 to understand volatility dynamics. The data period is divided into two phases: before and after theCOVID-19 pandemic. The analysis results show no significant volatility spillover between oil andgold. The relationship between oil and Bitcoin points to volatility spillover, although not following an identical pattern. The absence of volatility spillover indicates that markets or assets are more independent of each other. This reduces the interdependence between markets, making it more challenging to predict market movements based on the behavior of other markets.

Rehabilitation is an integrated recovery program for individuals with drug abuse disorders. However, addiction is a chronic and relapsing condition. This study aims to explore how the implementation of rehabilitation programs can prevent relapse in individuals recovering from drug abuse. A systematic literature review methodology was employed in this study. Relevant literature was identified through electronic searches of valid databases using keywords related to drug rehabilitation and relapse prevention. The articles were retrieved and screened using the Watase UAKE website. Databases including MDPI, Frontiers Media, ScienceDirect, Elsevier, SAGE, OAMJMS, Mary Ann Liebert, BMC, Routledge, Springer, Emerald Insight, EASA, and Informa Healthcare were systematically searched using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), excluding meta-analysis, to obtain empirical studies published between 2014 and 2024. Out of the 489 articles collected, 27 were included in the analysis. The results showed that the successful implementation of drug rehabilitation programs is influenced by various factors, including intrinsic motivation, social support, and fulfillment of psychological needs during the rehabilitation process. Rehabilitation programs can shift clients’ perspectives, enabling a better understanding of life’s values and meaning. This is essential for relapse prevention after rehabilitation. Additionally, relapse prevention programs play a critical role in enhancing the effectiveness of rehabilitation efforts. While many factors contribute to relapse, therapeutic interventions are important for predicting retention in therapeutic communities for substance abuse treatment.

Mangroves could potentially contribute to global climate change adaptation and mitigation by absorbing carbon with large amounts and storing it in the sediment and biomass for a long time. The purpose of this study is to estimate the potential stock of carbon and sequestration in conserved and rehabilitated mangroves. It was conducted at four locations including Biduk-Biduk, Karimunjawa, Pati, and Indramayu. The allometric equations method was used to calculate the potency of carbon stock and sequestration in the mangrove. Results show that mangroves in conservation areas have higher carbon stock and sequestration than mangroves in rehabilitated areas. Mangrove in Karimunjawa has higher diversity but the total carbon stock are lower than Biduk- biduk which has total carbon storage of 1,266,997.73 Mg C which potentially absorb 4.65 t CO2e. Total carbon stock in Pati and Indramayu (rehabilitated mangroves) ranged from 2,878.31 to 43,885.63 Mg C which potentially absorb 0.01 to 0.16 t CO2e. Regression analysis showed a positive correlation between mangrove density and carbon stock in conserved and rehabilitated mangroves. The results show that conserved mangroves are more effective in absorbing and storing carbon than rehabilitated mangroves. Monitoring of rehabilitated mangroves is important to maintain and enhance carbon absorption and storage.

Village-owned enterprises (BUMDes) are institutions within the village government that focus on the economic sector to grow and develop the village economy. The mandate of the Village Law makes BUMDes the main driver of the village economy. A growing village economy is expected to be a stimulus for national economic growth. This research aims to describe how innovations made by BUMDes in Bintan Regency in improving the village economy. The BUMDes that are the focus of this research are BUMDes with advanced categories in Bintan Regency, Riau Islands Province consisting of BUMDes Mitra Perdana Teluk Sasah Village, BUMDes Anugerah Ekang, Ekang Anculai Village and BUMDes Maju Bersama Teluk Bakau Village, Bintan Regency. This research used a descriptive qualitative approach. The results of this study found that BUMDes have innovated in increasing their income through the addition of business units through partnership programs with third parties. This partnership program succeeded in increasing production and expanding the market so as to increase income for BUMDes and directly impacted on Village Original Income (PADes).

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive impairment and neuronal death. The pathophysiology of AD includes cholinergic nerve damage, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and misfolding of amyloid-beta protein (Aβ). Current AD drug development focuses on a single target, whereas the AD mechanism is multifactorial, originating from the Aβ cascade, so intervention in Aβ is necessary. Flavonoid compounds are known to have many neuroprotective activities. Quercetin, an easily found flavonoid, can be used against AD. This research aimed to evaluate quercetin’s neuroprotective effect in inhibiting AD progression. In the in-vitro test, quercetin was assessed for its impact on inhibiting monomeric Aβ1-42 aggregation and inducing the disintegration of Aβ1-42 fibrils. Quercetin was also evaluated for its toxicity on differentiated human cholinergic cells (SH-SY5Y). Next, the neuroprotective effect of quercetin was tested in the same cells as Aβ1-42 induction. In-silico methods (Molecular docking and Molecular dynamics) were carried out to explain the molecular mechanism of drug action. In addition, druglikeness and ADMET parameters of flavonoids were predicted using SwissADME and pKCSM software. Quercetin is known to have a dual effect as an inhibitor of monomeric Aβ1-42 aggregation and a disintegrator of Aβ1-42 fibrils at concentrations of 10 µM – 200 µM. In molecular docking analysis, it is known that quercetin can bind to the hydrophobic part of Aβ1-42. Tests using molecular dynamics increasingly confirm that quercetin can disrupt the stability of Aβ1-42. In cell culture tests, quercetin was found to have a neuroprotective effect at an effective dose of 1-10 µM. ADMET parameters can also predict Quercetin and fulfill the Lipinski-Veber rule for predicting drug-likeness parameters. Quercetin has the potential to be developed as an anti-Alzheimer’s drug candidate with multi-target activity in the Aβ cascade.

Critical thinking and collaboration skills are part of the 21st century skills that need to be trained in learning at the university level. This research focused on developing a project-based laboratory rotation blended learning (PjLRBL) model to train students’ critical thinking and collaboration. Development was carried out using the ADDIE model. The resulting model products were lesson plans, digital module, critical thinking, and collaboration skills assessment tools. Experts’ validation result of the entire product obtained valid criteria. The products were implemented in the course on Basic Physics 1, Science Education Study Program especially on projectile motion topic. At the implementation stage, the critical thinking skills of student obtained results of 12.00% low, 40.00% moderate, and 48.00% high. Then, the collaboration skills of student obtained results of 6.00% low, 36.00% moderate, and 56.00% high. Based on these results, the PjLRBL can be an offer to be applied to the higher education to train students’ critical thinking and collaboration skills.

This research seeks to develop tourism potential and reduce economic inequality in Semoyo Village, Patuk District, Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta tourism area in order to develop this area as a tourism destination. The challenge in Semoyo Tourism Village is that there is no comprehensive spatial planning and the tourism packaging is not yet appealing. The concept for the development of Semoyo Tourism Village employs a spatial planning approach and elements of Community-Based Green and Edu Tourism development, namely attraction, accessibility, amenities, and ancillary.

Clove is one of the leading and potential commodities of the plantation in Madigondo. Currently, the community earns the economic advantage of clove plantation only from the buds. However, other parts of the clove plant have varied potential utilization. For instance, the abundant clove leaves are a valuable and potential source of essential oil. The community considered clove leaves as plantation waste due to a lack of knowledge on further clove leaves processing. The isolation of essential oil from clove leaves can be conducted by applying hydrodistillation. In this research, the hydrodistillation of clove leaves was conducted to characterize the essential oil of clove leaves as well as to investigate the production potency of clove leaves essential oil. The research was also conducted to determine the production rate and capacity of the hydrodistillation of clove leaves. The research shows that the optimum duration of the clove leaves hydrodistillation is 90 minutes. The yield of clove leaves hydrodistillation is 5.4%. The obtained essential oil of clove leaves has to have a density of 1.019 gram/mL and a typical odor of clove oil with a bright and yellow color. Those criteria meet the SNI 06-2387-2006 for oil of clove leaves.

Indonesia as an archipelagic country is prone to damage to coral reefs. The grounding of ships on coral reefs has resulted in severe physical and biological damage. The grounding of ships on coral reefs has resulted in severe physical and biological damage, including the uprooting and crashing of coral skeletons, dislodgment and displacement of sediment, and loss of three-dimensional complexity. Most of the damage was devastating. The purpose of this study is to identify levels of damage and impact of shipgrounding to coral reefs in Indonesian waters. The research method in this study uses the Line Intercept Transect (LIT) and underwater photo transect (UPT) to measurement of the level of damage and its impact. The result of this study is profile of coral reefs that were predominantly hit by ships was a patch reef (67%) and and mostly occurred due to human error (78%). This research found some types of damage in the form of a trajectory, mounds, propeller, partials, and dispersals. There has been a very significant change in the bottom substrate of the waters both by large, medium, and small vessels. The average live hard coral cover in affected area from 42.70 ± 5.26%, changing to no live coral, it is mean the mortality of live coral cover reached 100%. And rubble coverage increased from 11.19±6.10% to 61±18.41%. Increasing of rubble is an important concern because it causes acute damage to coral reefs, the same as coral damage caused by fishing bombs and destructive fishing.

The state is an actor responsible for protecting all its citizens, in accordance with the mandate of the Constitution. However, cases of sexual violence against children in Karimun District continue to increase from 2020-2022, the victims are children who are still in elementary school and the perpetrator is a person who is very close to the victim. This research aims to find out the role of the state through Population Control, Family Planning, Women Empowerment and Child Protection Departments (DPPKBP3A) in handling sexual violence against children in Karimun District. The type of research used is qualitative descriptive research through interviews, observation and documentation. The research results show that the hope of the victim’s family is to free the victim from the trauma they have experienced, and this hope is in line with what is intended by the state.. The victim’s family gave a positive view of what DPPKBP3A was doing in dealing with acts of sexual violence against children. DPPKBP3A is not optimal in carrying out its role due to several factors, namely lack of human resources, natural factors and also victims who have difficulty providing information.

The implementation of Community Service is the result of collaboration between the Communication Studies Faculty Universitas Mercu Buana and Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), with SMKN 60 in West Jakarta. The Theme of Community Service Activities is Campaign of Prevent Stunting and Remember WASH. This activity purpose to increase student knowledge and awareness about environmental and impact of Stunting for the health. The Community Service activities will be carried out in the form of socialization with selected topics. In order for problem solving to be in accordance with the analysis of the situation and problems of the partners above, it can be implemented and achieve the objectives, then this activity uses socialisation method. Findings – This Socialization is expected to inspire and bring change to community, especially student at SMKN 60 Jakarta so that they have knowledge and awareness about impact of stunting for the health. Based on the results of the implementation evaluation, the average participant stated that this activity was useful (66%), increased knowledge (64%), could solve problems (66%), increased competence (70%) and creativity (66%), could change behavior in the right direction. positive (58%); can apply it to family, friends and relatives (68%), can lead to joining useful communities (70%).

Vannamei shrimp farming usually encounters bacterial invasions. The bacteria’s attacks make the vannamei shrimp unable to be treated. Therefore, farmers must prevent the attacks by increasing their immunity. In this research, the researchers observed the immune response ability of the shrimp using the phagocytic activity of Litopenaeus vannameii as an indicator. The researchers prepared paederia flour, a mixture of commercial shrimp feed, and various formulations, starting from 0%, 10%, 20%, 40%, and 80%. The researchers determined the phagocytic activity of the mixture of Vibrio alginoliticus bacteria cells in shrimp blood. The researchers observed the phagocytosis of vannameii shrimp at 0, 10, 20, and 30 days. The results showed no significant effects of the applied treatment on phagocytosis activity. The sig-value is 0.067, with a significant confidence level of 5. The highest phagocytic activity in the treatment of Paederia addition was 40%, with the number of macrophage cells found in the phagocyte bacterial cell Vibrio alginoliticus at 41.29%.

Robusta coffee is a leading export commodity in Lampung Province. Coffee farmers face the problem of high coffee price fluctuations. During the harvest season, the price of coffee will decrease, so farmers are advised to adopt a system of delay selling. This study aims to analyze the system of selling coffee by farmers and to analyze the determinants of coffee farmers’ decisions to delay selling coffee. The research was conducted in West Lampung Regency in November-December 2022. The sub-districts of Way Tenong, Air Hitam, and Batu Brak were purposively selected as research locations. The number of samples is 190 coffee farmers taken by random sampling. Data were analyzed using binary logistic regression. The results showed that 26.84% of the farmers applied a system of delayed selling. Farmers stored coffee in the form of dry coffee fruit to delay selling between 1-10 months after the coffee fruit has dried. With a delayed selling system, farmers got a higher selling price. The determinants of a farmer’s decision to delay selling coffee are farming experience, education level, coffee production, coffee price, household income, and number of family members.

For the purpose of giving credit, financial institutions conduct analysis. The credit limit must be changed based on the customer’s capacity to pay. A crucial task that must be completed is determining the limit by looking at a lot of factors, particularly the financial one, which includes cooperatives that provide microloans. One of them, Koperasi Simpan Pinjam dan Pembiayaan Syariah Kebajikan Ikamatabagsel Sejahtera (KSPPS KIS), does not strictly rely the determination of the credit limit on analysis, which causes credit issues to continue to arise. The percentage of cooperative consumers with the biggest current credit status has a minimum limit of IDR 2,200,000, with a duration of less than 50 weeks, according to the findings of an analysis utilizing the CART method and data from 173 customers of the KIS Cooperative. This section serves as a gauge for the credit limit’s size at the time of analysis. This demonstrates that a time of less than 50 weeks will result in a lower level of non-current credit status than a period of more than 50 weeks and other variables such as the ratio of expenses, the value of costs, and income. Future studies should be able to include more variables that cooperatives can evaluate when deciding credit limits.

Coronavirus disease 19 is currently a global health threat. Viral spread prevention is essential as a feasible intervention strategy. The aim of this study was to determine the level of community knowledge, attitude, and perception towards Covid-19 in Aceh province. An electronic questionnaire was shared with 1,058 participants in the Covid-19 seminars organized by IMANI-PROKAMI Aceh Chapter (Islamic Medical Association and Network of Indonesia - Perhimpunan Profesi Kesehatan Muslim Indonesia), which were held between August 30th to Sept 20th, 2020. The questionnaire collected demographic data as well as data related to knowledge, perception, and attitude towards Covid-19 prevention. There were 1,058 survey participants, 841 (79.5%) of them were women, 366 (34.6%) were between 26 and 35 of age, 705 (66.6%) had a college degree and 540 (51.0%) were government employees. Most of participants had good knowledge and attitude about Covid-19 and its prevention. However, 44.1% of participants believed that the virus was created in research laboratories, as a result of conspiration (35.4%), and related to political issues (20%). They doubted the accuracy of Covid-19 diagnostic test (52.5%) and effectiveness of vaccines (28.2%). The results show multiple cases of misinformation around Covid19. Therefore, stakeholders need to counteract the community misperception towards disease by a transparent and strategic collaboration between society, government, and media, to increase positive perception, attitude, and practice of the community toward Covid19’s prevention.

Background: Mucosal ulceration in the oral cavity is very common, especially ulcerations caused by trauma, which are commonly referred to as traumatic ulcers. Based on existing research, turmeric contains active substances in the form of curcumin and flavonoids to accelerate the wound healing process. The wound healing process is a very complex process consisting of 4 phases, namely hemostatic, inflammatory, proliferative, and remodeling phases. Macrophages will also release growth factor TNF alpha which triggers new tissue, after the inflammatory phase. Methods: This study was an experimental study using a randomized post-test only control group design with test animals of Ratus Novergicus. In this study, there were 9 groups, namely the control group, the 0.1% triamcinolone acetonide treatment group, and the turmeric extract nanoliposome gel group, each was given with 3 time series, namely the 3rd, 5th and 7th day. Then IHK preparations were made to see TNF alpha. Results: One way ANOVA test showed differences in TNF Alpha between the control group, the Triamcinolone acetonide, and nanoliposome gel group. TNF alpha shows a deflation amount from day 3, 5 and 7. Nanoliposome group treatment on day 7 had the lowest amount. It can be concluded that the nanoliposome gel of turmeric extract (Curcuma longa L.) has an effect on decreased TNF alpha levels. The decrease of tnf alpha numbers indicates that the inflammatory phase is over and continues to the proliferative and remodeling phase. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, nanoliposome turmeric extract gel (Curcuma longa L.) has an effect decreased on TNF alpha levels.

Humans have to adapt to the rapid change in technology. The oscillation occurs in all existing sectors, including the education sector. For instance, grammar, which was previously avoided, has now started to be noticed by students due to the development of technology. One of the technologies used in education is Padlet. Padlet is an application that is very easy to use and requires no special training. In contrast with most areas of Indonesia, which are already literate with the technology, in Papua, even though many students’ own laptops and smartphones, the teacher used the technology only for administrative purposes, not for supporting student learners. Hence, this research focuses on students' interest in using Padlet in grammar classes. This study was a qualitative research design, and the data was collected using a questionnaire and interview. The questionnaire and interview results showed that students showed a positive interest in learning English grammar using Padlet.

Oryzias marmoratus is one of the ornamental aquarium fish species that live endemic to Towuti Lake, South of Sulawesi, Indonesia. However, the fish has been categorized as near threatened by IUCN. A current report showed the fish could be cultivated. This research aims to improve the reproduction quality in cultivation by using artificial feed containing Spirulina (A=0, B=3, and C=6) % dry weight. The study was conducted with two replications using an aquarium (80 x 40 x 40 cm) for 40 days (October-December 2020) at Research Center for Limnology-LIPI. Each aquarium contains 21 broodstock (female: male = 2:1). Observation parameters are the total number of spawning/ToS (time), ovulated eggs number/OEN, fertilization ability/FA (%), hatching ability/HA (%), number of larvae/NoL, the egg of incubation time/EIT (day), survival of larvae seven days old after hatching/SR7 (%). Based on descriptive analysis, the use of feed C (containing 6% Spirulina) produced the highest values of ToS, OEN, %HA, NoL, and SR7 (%) were ten times; 89 eggs; 89 larvae, 100%; and 98.89±3.51% respectively. Spirulina could increase the reproduction viability and is presumed to enhance feed efficiency of Oryzias marmoratus, but the optimum levels have not been obtained.

RESUMO: O objetivo do artigo foi inter-relacionar as práticas administrativas e pedagógicas identificadas em escolas municipais do ensino fundamental que possam contribuir para o desempenho dos alunos na Prova Brasil. Para tanto, foi aplicada uma metodologia na qual são utilizadas as abordagens qualitativa e quantitativa de forma integrada e colaborativa para se estudar a eficiência escolar. Primeiramente, é aplicada a Análise Envoltória de Dados, que, por seu caráter quantitativo, classifica as escolas em eficientes e ineficientes em relação ao grupo estudado. Na segunda etapa, qualitativa, são realizados estudos de múltiplos casos nessas escolas, visando compreender seus processos internos. Espera-se, com os resultados, poder contribuir para o alinhamento das práticas que visem auxiliar no desempenho dos alunos, na gestão escolar e, sobretudo, proporcionar melhorias na qualidade da educação.

Most of the seismic damage of existing traditional buildings is due to the absence of practical beam and column structures as the main reinforcement of the building. While a masonry wall as a structural component is commonly negligible due to their relatively low strength in contributing to the frame structure. As a result, when the earthquake struck, the building collapsed, and the ruins of building elements hit the occupants seriously and caused many deaths. This paper presents the results of preliminary research on the experimental investigation of interlocking concrete block for the masonry wall applied to non-engineered earthquake-resistant buildings. The interlocking between concrete blocks is expected to contribute to the strength of the masonry wall in resisting the loads, either in-plane or out-of-plane directions. The novelty of this type of concrete block lies in the uniqueness of the interlocking shape, making it effective in withstanding the earthquake load. This research focuses on the testing of interlocking concrete block units in withstanding loads in the direction and perpendicular to the field and equipped with testing the compressive strength of the wall and diagonal shear strength. The results produce interlocking models of concrete block contribute to better strength than ordinary clay bricks for the masonry wall.

Water quality, particularly coastal areas, is systematically tropogenic. The decline in water quality is caused by industrial waste pollution, soil erosion carried by the river, and the depletion of mangrove areas. The decrease of water quality can affect the fishery cultivation activities that exist in the region. It also affects the quality of the cultivated fish. Fish cultivated in ponds with poor water quality can be harmful to the health of the people who consume the fish. One effort to manage the feasibility of pond waters is by identifying the quality. The purpose of this research is to know the profile of pond water quality and to know the diversity potential of aquaculture. Based on the nature of the problem this research is a field research, while the purpose of this study is descriptive and explanatory research. The method used in this research is research by using survey method. Aquatic profile results are essential to improve the quality and quantity of Fisheries, especially in diversifying fisheries.

A certificate is an important document that its validity must be ascertained. Fraud over the originality of this document demands a high level of security to ensure that this document is genuine. The Digital Certificate Legalization system (DCL) can regulate and guarantee the mechanism of document validity procedure. By implementing AES and QR Code algorithm, the information contained in the photo-scan of the certificate can be authenticated. The results of the scan are encrypted by using the legalized code in AES Algorithm. The code will be translated using the QR Code and matched to the data contained in the server system. The system will confirm whether the certificate is original or not. In order to test the system, black box testing is applied for functionality check; capacity testing in terms of execution time and memory load of benchmark testing are also examined for system performance measurement. Finally, user response testing is conducted to identify the user acceptance towards the system. As the result, the implementation of AES and QR Code algorithm provides good performance, efficient, light, and fast execution responses (less than one second and less than one megabyte) in a legalized certification checking system.

The accurate information about generation quantities of waste generated is a fundamental prerequisite for the successful implementation of any infectious waste management plan. The objectives of this study were to determine the quantity of generation rate and proportion of hospital infectious waste at Bandung region, Indonesia. The generation and proportion of infectious waste data were collected by using direct sampling method from 7 hospitals, which was completed for three days continuously in hospitals inpatient installation. Afterwards, average generation and proportion were determined in comparison to certain important organizational and functional factors, such as the number of beds, bed coverage, the value of infectious waste management and handling, accreditation status, waste handler status, ownership status, the different of type and the class of hospital. The way that source of infectious wastes, generated from hospitals, vary by functional factors, was also illustrated and the most important influenced factors were identified. Generated infectious hospital wastes vary from 0.22 to 1.26 kg/patient/day. Proportion infectious hospital wastes also vary from 8, 88% to 47, 37%..

The practices and ways of humans interact with the environment will affect the sustainability of the society life. The achievement of a sustainability in a community in a certain place can be measured from the condition of balance of three important aspects which are ecological, social and spiritual aspects. Each region has a different level of sustainability. The purpose of this research is to analyze the sustainability level of the community resettlement from the Mount Sinabung eruption. The research was carried out in the Karos Siosar Relocation Area of North Sumatra. The Community Sustainability Assessment (CSA) method introduced by the Global Ecovillage Network/GEN is used to analyze its level of sustainability. The results of the research show that of the total value of each aspect is 523 which means showing a good start towards sustainability. However, when viewed from each aspect, the ecological aspect with a low value is 139 when compared to the other two aspects and shows the need for action in achieving sustainability. The social aspect obtained 208 values and spiritual aspects obtained 176 values, which shows that the people in the Siosar relocation area showed a good start towards sustainability.

The growth of electricity demand will increase 56.8% in 10 years. Meanwhile, the fulfillment of electricity in Indonesia is dominated by coal. The amount of electricity growth has not balanced yet by the amount of electricity supply. It causes the electricity deficit in some areas, especially at the peak load period. One of the areas that often have electrical power deficit is East Kalimantan, although the province is one of the biggest coal mining areas in Indonesia. The mining activities give several impacts in environmental damages especially in the ex-coal mining land which has not been well managed. The impact includes an irreversible change of landscape and huge craters caused by open mining activities. In this study, an analysis is conducted for utilization of ex-coal mining land in Kutai Kartanegara as a reservoir of energy storage system type Pumped Hydroelectric Storage (PSH). The analysis provides a comparison of three variations of the piping line system. The study uses the spatial data in the form of Digital Elevation Model (DEM) to calculate the time of starting operation system, expected generated energy, required energy for power plant operation and the efficiency of the system. This study compares some criteria based on three variations of the piping line system and the effect on the efficiency of the system.