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The batik industry in Kampoeng Batik Laweyan drives entrepreneurs to improve company performance for sustainability and competitiveness. SMEs can boost productivity, assessing overall performance and guiding sustainable improvements. Besides economic benefits, batik production poses environmental challenges through waste disposal. Green productivity aims to enhance productivity and environmental performance simultaneously. Research on SMEs like Batik Anugrah Purnama and Batik Tunaruntum shows productivity gains in January 2019: 172% and 610%. Material management strategies, such as reusing leftover wax and switching to gas for the lorod process, contributed to productivity enhancements. Consequently, productivity rose to 206% and 664%. Post-liquid waste treatment, Environmental Performance Indicator (EPI) indices improved from -1.415, -3.285 to 0.032, -0.77.

Learning activities underwent policy changes during the Covid-19 pandemic were carried out online and offline. During the Covid-19 pandemic, there were many ways that universities did to keep learning going, such as implementing online learning and online learning. Practical learning experiences changes in the teaching and learning process system due to university policies. This study aims to measure the level of mental workload and the level of student fatigue during online and offline practicums and to determine the relationship between mental workload and fatigue level. The methods used in this research are the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) and Subjective Self Rating Test (SSRT) methods. The results showed that the level of mental workload of students was in the high classification with the NASA-TLX dimensions of effort, mental needs, and performance. The level of student fatigue is in the moderate classification with part of the SSRT, namely the weakening of activities. The results of the correlation test show that there is a relationship between mental workload and student fatigue levels with a positive direction of relationship.

Paddy is one of the main food-crop commodities in Indonesia. The main problem in paddy cultivation in Paser Regency is good water quality for plants. Water is the main requirement for paddy plants to grow and develop. Water quality to meet the needs of paddy plants is a very important factor. pH H2O, TDS (Total Dissolve Solid) and EC (Electrical Conductivity) are some of the water parameters used as a reference in determining land suitability for paddy plants. The purpose of this research is to spatially analyse the water parameters (pH H2O, TDS and EC) for the water needs of paddy plants in Paser Regency. Determination of sample points using stratified random sampling method and parameter measurements are carried out directly in the field in the irrigation area. Interpolation analysis used the IDW (Inverse Distance Weighted) method with a power weight of 2. RMSE values from the interpolation results for pH H2O 0.0001, TDS 0.1695 and EC 0.0003. The results of the interpolation of several parameters are then analysed by overlay to determine the spatial relationship between parameters. The results of the analysis show that the average values in Paser Regency are pH H2O 6.13, TDS 478.64 ppm and EC 0.82 mS/cm. The area of pH H2O (6.5-8.4) suitable for paddy plants is 391447.87 ha, TDS (

Indonesia has governed smuggling crime in the provisions of Articles 102, 102A and 102B of Law Number 17 of 2006 about the Amendment to Law Number 10 of 1995 about customs. To lower the smuggling rate, sanction reformulation is required in the attempt of recovering the state’s financial loss and/or being partial to the state’s financial interest. Criminal sanction of smuggling is led to the attempt of recovering the state’s loss rather than sentencing imprisonment. This research aimed to find out and to analyze the reason why the reform of smuggling crime investigation system needs to be done. This study was a non-doctrinal law research; techniques of collecting data used were interview, document study, and Focus Group Discussion; data analysis was conducted using an interactive model of analysis. The result of research showed that the factors encouraging the reform of smuggling crime investigation system to be done were legal substance related to regulations about prohibited and restricted products and imprisonment criminal sanction that were ineffective, with elaborate legal structure or bureaucracy and executorial function imposed to the investigators constituting Civil Servant Officials in Directorate General of Customs, and legal culture, in which the main actor had never been found, people’s livelihood source coming from smuggling, and low support among institutions to smuggling crime overcoming.