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Résumé Les indications des traitements délivrés en conditions stéréotaxiques connaissent, à l’heure actuelle, un développement considérable devant l’émergence de nouvelles indications. Les conditions de réalisation de ces traitements sont multiples. L’étape initiale est essentielle, elle concerne la validité de l’indication au regard du niveau de preuve grâce auquel elle est proposée en réunion de concertation multidisciplinaire. Ces techniques émergentes ne bénéficient pas d’évaluation à long terme pouvant être considérée comme définitives pour les traitements extracrâniens, d’une part, de leur efficacité et, d’autre part, des seuils de tolérance des tissus sains. C’est dire la priorité qui doit être offerte aux patients de bénéficier des études cliniques prospectives, indépendantes, validées par un conseil scientifique indépendant, encadrées dans un programme d’assurance de qualité pertinent et multicentrique qui favorise la connaissance et la sélection des indications. La Société française de radiothérapie oncologique (SFRO) prépare dans son guide des procédures la description des conditions de réalisation de ces traitements et elle collabore avec tous les acteurs institutionnels à la rédaction de guide de pratique qui permettront d’offrir le cadre estimé prérequis indispensable à tous, patients et professionnels de la radiothérapie. Indications of treatment by stereotactic body radiotherapy are dramatically increasing due to new potential indications. The conditions associated with the treatment delivery are multiple. The first step of the process is crucial. It is related to the validation of the indication proposed during the multidisciplinary meeting as regard the evidence-based proof of the concept. These emerging techniques mainly extracranial stereotactic body irradiation do not benefit from long-term evaluation in terms of efficiency as well as normal tissue late toxicities. Priority should be given to prospective independent clinical trials, validated by an independent scientific committee, performed under a relevant and well dedicated multicentric quality assurance program aiming to improve knowledge and selection of indications. The SFRO is still working with others professionals on the definition of the conditions for the implementation of such treatments and actively collaborates with the authorities to define the appropriate conditions to preserve the quality of the treatment delivery under these specific conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Indications of treatment by stereotactic body radiotherapy are dramatically increasing due to new potential indications. The conditions associated with the treatment delivery are multiple. The first step of the process is crucial. It is related to the validation of the indication proposed during the multidisciplinary meeting as regard the evidence-based proof of the concept. These emerging techniques mainly extracranial stereotactic body irradiation do not benefit from long-term evaluation in terms of efficiency as well as normal tissue late toxicities. Priority should be given to prospective independent clinical trials, validated by an independent scientific committee, performed under a relevant and well dedicated multicentric quality assurance program aiming to improve knowledge and selection of indications. The SFRO is still working with others professionals on the definition of the conditions for the implementation of such treatments and actively collaborates with the authorities to define the appropriate conditions to preserve the quality of the treatment delivery under these specific conditions., (Copyright © 2014 Société française de radiothérapie oncologique (SFRO). Published by Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved.)