1. Personality profiles in adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
- Author
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Patrick Baud, Roland Hasler, Rosetta Nicastro, Stefano Ardu, Nicolas Golay, Jean-Michel Aubry, Nader Perroud, Julien Zimmermann, Panteleimon Giannakopoulos, Paco Boris Prada, and François Herrmann
- Subjects
Persistence (psychology) ,Adult ,Male ,Character ,Personality Inventory ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Impulsiveness ,Poison control ,Affect (psychology) ,behavioral disciplines and activities ,03 medical and health sciences ,ddc:616.89 ,0302 clinical medicine ,mental disorders ,medicine ,Personality ,Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ,ADHD ,Humans ,Attention ,Temperament ,media_common ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Hyperactivity ,030227 psychiatry ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity ,TCI ,ddc:618.97 ,Temperament and Character Inventory ,Female ,Personality Assessment Inventory ,Psychology ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Clinical psychology ,Research Article - Abstract
Background Previous studies suggested that the presence of ADHD in children and young adolescents may affect the development of personality. Whether or not the persistence of ADHD in adult life is associated with distinct personality patterns is still matter for debate. To address this issue, we compared the profiles of the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) that assesses personality dimensions in 119 adults ADHD and 403 controls. Methods ANCOVA were used to examine group differences (controls vs. ADHD and ADHD inattentive type vs. ADHD combined + hyperactive/impulsive types) in Temperaments and Characters. Partial correlation coefficients were used to assess correlation between TCI and expression and severity of symptoms of ADHD. Results High novelty seeking (NS), harm avoidance (HA) and self-transcendence (ST) scores as well as low self-directedness (SD) and cooperativeness (C) scores were associated with ADHD diagnosis. Low SD was the strongest personality trait associated with adult ADHD. Cases with the ADHD inattentive type showed higher HA and lower SD scores compared to the combined and hyperactive/impulsive types. High HA scores correlated with inattention symptoms whereas high NS and ST scores were related to hyperactive symptoms. Finally low SD and high NS were associated with increased ADHD severity. Conclusions Distinct temperaments were associated with inattentive versus hyperactive/impulsive symptoms supporting the heterogeneous nature of the disorder.
- Published
- 2016