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The article reveals the features of the payment infrastructure of cross-border trade between China and Russia on the background of geopolitical risks. The authors emphasize the importance of organization and mechanisms of mutual payments between the two states. The risks of using international payment and clearing systems for Russia and China are noted. The development of national payment systems and national systems of financial information transmission in these countries are analyzed. The role and the transformation of traditional forms of payment mechanisms in Russian-Chinese cross-border settlements are defined. The purpose of the article is to perform system analysis and evaluate existing payment schemes today in trade between Russia and China. Methods. In this research methods of logistical and statistical analysis were used, which helped identify key trends, individual problems and prospects from this perspective. Results. Due to the global economy fragmentation and increased international competition, a fundamental reorientation of approaches to the organization of international trade settlements takes place as a factor of reducing the vulnerabilities of foreign economic activity. Novelty. The authors have systematized in details various ways of Russian-Chinese cross-border settlements, using elements of national payment systems that influence intercountry trade turnover, reducing global threats to national economies.

Power sector decarbonization is currently seen as a necessary condition of sustainable development in the modern world. options of resources-rich economies. Energy modeling is an effective measure to elaborate long-term decarbonisation policies. However, energy modeling evidence available for resources-rich economies remain up to the date limited, especially in part of realistic representation of the power system operation. We apply open code and open data approach to fill this gap considering a case study for Kazakhstan power system. The modeling input datasets have been validated against independent data sources with a satisfactory result. The simulation outputs are plausible both in terms reproducing the main features of the “pragmatic” scenario and in providing useful insights for the implementation of net-zero pathways. Renewable energy sources have been found to be economically viable even under the considered “pragmatic” scenario with quite conservative assumptions. Existing coal generation has been shown to dominate the investments costs hampering implementation of renewable power. A role of the power interconnection has been demonstrated for an economically optimal generation mix and a level of marginal electricity costs across the country. The results are intended to support energy transition implementation in the resources-rich economies under realistic technological assumptions.

The paper discusses the purpose of formation of spiritual and moral values in young generation when taking martial arts classes, including karate. It is noted that patriotic upbringing should play an integral role in physical development and fitness of the athletes. The paper explains the meaning of socially important cultural values in martial arts practice and looks into spiritual and moral development to prevent breaking social norms of conduct among adolescents. Person-centred approach is of vital importance for spiritual and moral education, since it draws on the athletes’ motivation. The person-centred approach emphasises the autonomy, emotional component, moral and ethical development of the trainees. A particular focus is given to the problem of moral guidance and the lack of patriotism among the students of educational institutions. Mass media fail to pay due attention to the patriotic upbringing what results in the absence of generation-bridging and weaker patriotic feelings among children. There are not many schools that run military-patriotic classes. Hence, spiritual and moral education works for effective development of patriotism among martial arts athletes.

This article analyzes the systemic issues of personnel education in higher education, reveals their causes and consequences. Qualitative and quantitative characteristics of university graduates are one of the conditions for the state economic development. The goals and objectives of higher education should meet the needs of the state, industries, regions, and business. The lack of strong signals from consumers of educational services creates an imbalance between the higher education system and the market requirements and results in the conservatism of higher education. In this context, the purpose of this article is to develop a conceptual model for assessing the contribution of higher education to the national economy as one of the drivers of its transformation. The need to optimize the professional structure of education, with reference to the potential and prospects of the national economy, is emphasized. Research methods involve analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, system and logical methods. The study result is a model that takes into account a number of indicators of employer satisfaction in university graduates, as well as indicators of regional and industrial security of specific professionals with higher education. An effective motivation for employers to take a more active part in the organization of higher education is the system of educational loans. The state’s management of the credit sphere creates opportunities for consumers of educational services to direct financial flows primarily to education in priority specialties. The effectiveness of this tool requires ensuring its accessibility to employers and differentiating interest rates.