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Apigenin-7-O-(4′′-feruloyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside (1) were isolated from the methanol extract of aerial part of Echinops gracilis, together with apigenin-7-O-(4′′-trans-p-hydroxycinnamoyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside (2) and apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (3). Compound (1) previously displayed antioxidant and antibacterial activity. The present study aims at evaluating the antiproliferative potential of flavonoids, isolated from the aerial part of E. gracilis O. Hoffm. The effect of compounds (1), (2) and (3) on the viability of HeLa cells was determined by the method of 3-(4,5-dimethythiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay at different concentrations. The ability of compounds to induce the cell death was evaluated by using acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EtBr) staining. Compound (1) induced an effective change in the cell viability of HeLa cells with IC50 concentration value of 27.36 µgmL-1. Induction of cell death alteration in cell morphology and cancer cell population was observed in cells treated with compound (1), which makes it behave as a potent synergistic antiproliferative agent against HeLa cells.

The research focuses on identifying and characterizing the occurrence of episodes of meteorological droughts in the Puno region in Perú, in order to determine the economic impact of this climatic phenomenon on agricultural activities in the region. From the use of the standardized rainfall index for 12 months (SPI-12) for the period 1981-2019, the occurrence, magnitude, persistence and spatial evolution of drought events in the area were determined, determining that the events that occurred in the years 1982/83, 1989/90 and 1991/92, escalated to levels of severe drought and extreme drought, mainly in the extreme south of the region, which corresponds to the provinces of El Collao, Yunguyo and Chucuito. For the determination of the impact of droughts on agriculture in the region, the records of losses of cultivated areas corresponding to the period 1997-2017 administered by the competent authority were used, finding the non-existence of a direct correlation between the presence of meteorological droughts and the economic losses in production, due to the fact that said information has a general character, not discriminating the different climatic phenomena that generate economic losses in the agriculture sector, therefore, they are not adequate to estimate the economic impact of droughts in the Puno region.

The analyses of monopile foundations have been heavily based on the p-y response curves (to represent lateral soil resistances) published by API RP 2GEO (2011) and DNV (2013), which are proven reliable and applicable for piles with smaller diameters that were normally used for jacket structures in the offshore industry. However, concerns have been raised about the validity of semi-empirical p-y criteria for large-diameter piles. Wind turbine monopiles have a significantly larger diameter and smaller length to diameter ratio than typical piles used for offshore structures. The ratio of the length to the diameter for a monopile typically is also significantly smaller than those used in the API load tests. Therefore, the response of a monopile may be more like a rigid rotation, with components of resistance mobilized at the tip and axially along the sides as it rotates. This behaviour is in contrast to long slender piles that respond to lateral loading in bending rather than rotation. The objective of this paper is to analyze the factors that may contribute to the apparent conservatism in the current design practice for large-diameter monopile foundations and to provide improved solutions on how to analyze and design the large-diameter monopiles for offshore wind turbine using the p-y method.

This paper presents an overview of time reckoning in several domains of Maya language and culture, as observed in the Sierra region of Yucatan in the last decades of the twentieth century. It demonstrates that multiple systems of temporal reckoning and orientation co-operate in the traditional domains of daily practice, and it attempts to formulate principles by which different systems are combined in actional frameworks It is argued that most cyclicity in contemporary Yucatec Maya is derivative of natural or social processes and that in rituals it results from the translation of spatial arrays into temporal sequences. The paper tracks the varieties of cyclic and spiral time measurement in several domains, where different units and levels of temporal measurement and different rhythms are observed: 1) the field of co-presence in which utterances are performed, including deictic time; 2) the diurnal cycle and its actional correlates; 3) the agricultural cycles, the forest life cycle and the labor they imply; 4) domestic space whose time involves in addition the age and generational relations among co-residents; 5) ritual time in Yucatec shamanic practice, which is given special attention. Ritual practices display the most dramatic cyclicity, compounded by sedimentation, deictic time, historical time and cosmological space. Their chronometric dimensions are so elaborate that rituals can be considered a time machine. Viewed from practice, there is no single modality of Maya time, but a diachronic synchronization of multiple temporal streams which produces time as the variable product of tzol reproduction and meyah ‘work.’

The Nature of Science (NOS), a description of how science works, is considered as an important element in the school science curriculum but one that is rarely included in instruction. We present a method whereby nine general NOS aspects can each be illustrated with examples from the history of biology, chemistry, geology, and physics. The entire set of examples, linked to the general NOS aspects, provides an immediate instructional resource that teachers can use to teach science content and NOS.

This study is an attempt to document the problematic nature of an intermediary linguistic system, the lingua franca used by the scientific community, on the production and impact of science from the broad area beyond the inner circle of native English speakers. To this end, a random cross-sectional sample (n=5) of current English-language articles from top-ranked journals in the Brazil-based metapublisher Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) was examined for grammatical issues, especially nominative group construction. In the studied sample, varying and in some cases elevated levels of L1 interference were found, indicating that on the best collective level, there are proficiency problems with the lingua franca, that these problems are not evenly distributed and that systematic language management yielded vastly different language quality outcomes.

Abstract: The interface between English, i.e., the international language of science, and the Brazilian scientific community can be seen as both a burden and an opportunity. While individual researchers deal with foreign-language literature and mediators in the authorship process such as translators of varying quality and increasingly-demanding journal editors, larger-scale organizations such as scientific journals struggle to define language and editorial policy in the face of pressing visibility and funding needs. The development and expansion of regional databases, especially SciELO, a non-profit electronic metapublisher for scientific journals, have brought a measure of direction and cohesion to the Brazilian approach to this question. This article presents an analysis of an interview with a Brazilian researcher, a doctoral candidate in Physical Therapy, and compares her answers with statements from the current coordinator of SciELO in a preliminary attempt to find common norms, postures and attitudes at work on different levels of the scientific community. The results were that, besides funding and visibility problems, bilingualism was seen as both a necessity and an opportunity without discarding the validity of Portuguese. There was a fundamental and mutual desire to see Brazil increase in international scientific standing. Keywords: English, Lingua franca, Scientific publishing, SciELO. EXAMEN DEL IMPACTO DEL INGLÉS EN LA PUBLICACIÓN CIENTÍFICA BRASILEÑA: EXPLORACIÓN INICIAL Resumen: La interfaz entre el Inglés, es decir, el idioma internacional de la ciencia, y la comunidad científica brasileña puede ser vista a la vez como una carga y como una oportunidad. Mientras que los investigadores tienen que ocuparse de literatura en lengua extranjera y de los mediadores en el proceso de autoría, tales como traductores de diversa calidad, editores de revistas cada vez más exigentes, organizaciones de mayor envergadura, tales como las revistas científicas luchan por definir el lenguaje y la política editorial con miras a presionar la visibilidad y subsanar las necesidades de financiación. El desarrollo y la expansión de las bases de datos regionales, especialmente SciELO, un metapublisher electrónico sin ánimo de lucro para revistas científicas, han traído una medida de sentido y cohesión para la aproximación de Brasil a este respecto. En este artículo se presenta un análisis de una entrevista con una investigadora brasileña, doctorante en Fisioterapia, y compara sus respuestas con las declaraciones de la actual coordinadora de SciELO, en un intento preliminar por encontrar normas comunes, posturas y actitudes en el trabajo en los diferentes niveles de la comunidad científica. Los resultados fueron que, además de los problemas de financiación y visibilidad, el bilingüismo era visto como una necesidad y una oportunidad sin descartar la validez del portugués. Había un deseo fundamental y común por ver a Brasil mejorar su posición científica internacional. Palabras clave: Inglés, Lengua franca, publicaciones científicas, SciELO. ANALYSE DE L'IMPACT DE L'ANGLAIS SUR LA PUBLICATION SCIENTIFIQUE BRÉSILIENNE: UNE PREMIÈRE EXPLORATION Résumé : L'interface entre l'anglais, langue internationale de la science et de la communauté scientifique brésilienne, peut être vu à la fois de manière favorable et non favorable. Les chercheurs doivent faire face à la littérature en langue étrangère et à des médiateurs dans le processus autorial, tels que les traducteurs de qualité variable, des rédacteurs de revues de plus en plus exigeantes, à plus grande échelle des organisations telles que les revues scientifiques peinent à définir les politiques de langue et d'édition cherchant à augmenter la visibilité et à ressoudre les problèmes de financement. Le développement et l'expansion des bases de données régionales, SciELO particulièrement, un metapublisher à but non lucratif au service de revues scientifiques électroniques, ont apporté une mesure d'orientation et de la cohésion pour l'approche du Brésil à cette question. Cet article présente une analyse d'un entretien avec une chercheuse brésilienne, candidate au doctorat en physiothérapie, et compare ses réponses avec les déclarations de l'actuel coordinateur de SciELO dans une première tentative de trouver des normes communes, des postures et des atitudes de travail sur les différents niveaux de la communauté scientifique. Les résultats ont montré que, outre les problèmes de financement et de visibilité, le bilinguisme a été perçue comme une nécessité et une opportunité sans laisser de còté la validité du portugais. Il y avait un désir mutuel et commun de voir le Brésil consolider sa réputation scientifique internationale. Mots clés : anglais, Lingua franca, publications scientifiques, ScIELO. Resumo: A interface entre o inglês, ou seja, a língua internacional da ciência, e a comunidade científica brasileira pode ser vista tanto como um peso quanto como uma oportunidade. Enquanto pesquisadores lidam individualmente com a literatura em língua estrangeira e com mediadores no processo autoral, tais como tradutores de qualidade variável e editores de periódicos cada vez mais exigentes, organizações de grande porte tais como revistas científicas se esforçam para definir políticas linguísticas e editoriais em face das necessidades prementes de visibilidade e fundos. O desenvolvimento e expansão de bancos de dados regionais, especialmente o SciELO, um metapublisher eletrônico de revistas científicas sem fins lucrativos, trouxe certa direção e coesão para a abordagem brasileira desta questão. Este artigo apresenta a análise de uma entrevista com uma pesquisadora brasileira, uma doutoranda da área de Fisioterapia, e compara as respostas dela com declarações do coordenador atual do SciELO, em uma tentativa preliminar de encontrar normas, posturas, e atitudes comuns presentes em diferentes níveis da comunidade científica. Os resultados foram que, além de problemas de financiamento e visibilidade, o biliguismo foi visto tanto como necessidade quanto como oportunidade, sem descartar a validade do português. Houve um desejo fundamental e mútuo de ver o Brasil crescer em sua posição científica internacional. Palavras chave: Inglês, Lingua franca, Publicação científica, SciELO.

This article appeared in Industrial and Labor Relations Review, following an early 1949 meeting at Princeton University between William Foote Whyte (1914-2000) and John Thomas Dunlop (1914-2003) to debate an industrial relations analysis framework, this being a heavily studied topic in the United States at the time. The controversy between a leader of the “human relations” school of thought that was on the rise at the time, and one of the main figures in the field of industrial relations, revealed the two directions between which US industrial relations’ theoretical development was hesitating. The main question was whether industrial relations constituted a natural extension of a framework for analysing human relations with a view towards improving understanding how unions and managements interact – or whether they had other theoretical or methodological foundations capable specifically of measuring how context and economic, social, political and technical conditions influence what happens inside a company. The debate nourrished thinking about different categories of reflection and action while augmenting understanding of collective bargaining’s increasing decentalisation towards companies.

La contabilidad a través de su historia ha construido conocimiento a partir de reflexiones sobre conceptos teóricos y prácticos que se consolidaron como paradigmas, según la clasificación de Ahmed Belkaoui, debido a sus características, intereses, métodos y otra serie de elementos propios de esta forma de aproximación a la ciencia. En este escrito se hace un breve estudio y clasificación de dos paradigmas existentes en contabilidad, el de la ganancia líquida, dividido en los enfoques: a) antropológico inductivo y b) deductivo de la ganancia líquida y realizada, y el paradigma de la utilidad de la información para la toma de decisiones dividido en: a) enfoque de los modelos de decisión y la capacidad predictiva, b) enfoque del comportamiento agregado del mercado, c) enfoque del inversor individual y, d) enfoque del valor económico de la información; al igual que una reseña, en términos de Vicente Pina Martínez, de los "paradigmas emergentes". Finalmente se formulan algunas inquietudes acerca del carácter paradigmático de las nuevas investigaciones y los nuevos campos de aplicación de la contabilidad.

La interfaz entre el Inglés, es decir, el idioma internacional de la ciencia, y la comunidad científica brasileña puede ser vista a la vez como una carga y como una oportunidad. Mientras que los investigadores tienen que ocuparse de literatura en lengua extranjera y de los mediadores en el proceso de autoría, tales como traductores de diversa calidad, editores de revistas cada vez más exigentes, organizaciones de mayor envergadura, tales como las revistas científicas luchan por definir el lenguaje y la política editorial con miras a presionar la visibilidad y subsanar las necesidades de financiación. El desarrollo y la expansión de las bases de datos regionales, especialmente SciELO, un metapublisher electrónico sin ánimo de lucro para revistas científicas, han traído una medida de sentido y cohesión para la aproximación de Brasil a este respecto. En este artículo se presenta un análisis de una entrevista con una investigadora brasileña, doctorante en Fisioterapia, y compara sus respuestas con las declaraciones de la actual coordinadora de SciELO, en un intento preliminar por encontrar normas comunes, posturas y actitudes en el trabajo en los diferentes niveles de la comunidad científica. Los resultados fueron que, además de los problemas de financiación y visibilidad, el bilingüismo era visto como una necesidad y una oportunidad sin descartar la validez del portugués. Había un deseo fundamental y común por ver a Brasil mejorar su posición científica internacional.

The author draws on his long-time intimate experience as a senior executive and advisor of the Canadian bishops' conference to recount how the bishops set about implementing their new vision [...]

Libraries and academic disciplines are experiencing a major transformation to the digital era. A challenge for libraries is to adapt and coordinate their transformation with differing rates and types of changes in teaching, research, and scholarly communication among the disciplines they serve. This paper argues libraries need to acknowledge the diversity of knowledge systems and adopt a strategy that requires collaboration between libraries and multiple communities of knowing in the development and provision of heterogeneous services.

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The nutrition transition model attributes the prevalence of overweight and obesity, linked to higher rates of morbidity and mortality, to a uniform and inexorable process in which rural societies, such as the Andean indigenous communities, abandon traditional diets and agricultural practices. However, an unexpected encounter during a nutritional intervention provides clues to question this model. Through a decade-long qualitative research review in the central highlands of Ecuador and subsequent interviews with community leaders, we found information that suggests that agri-food transformations are heterogeneous, shaped by historical, geographical, and sociocultural circumstances. Several Andean indigenous families blend pre-Columbian, colonial, and contemporary practices with a revalued identity, revitalizing agroecosystems, and traditional diets. This approach reflects resilience, resistance, and circularity in the preservation of indigenous agri-food systems; community mobilization rooted in Andean sociocultural structures and suggests sociocultural transformations that acknowledge the past to walk into the future.