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This article analyzes the difference between deep filtration technology and surface filtration technology. The author studied the specific application of deep filtration technology in clarification of fermentation broth, pyrogen removal filtration, small molecule purification, product purification and separation, and purification of macromolecules. This article analyzes the common problems during the application of deep filtration technology. The author puts forward suggestions to improve the resource sharing mechanism, standardize the management of filtering research institutions, increase research on new technologies, and do a good job of comprehensive training of personnel. The purpose of this article is to deepen people’s understanding of deep filtration technology and promote the healthy economic development of the biopharmaceutical industry.

Blood typing is a critical test in many medical procedures, especially for blood transfusion. Incompatible red blood cells (RBCs) in transfusion might result in intravascular hemolysis and even cause recipients death. The test result of blood typing can be determined by observing the agglutination of RBCs. In this study, a microfluidic blood typing chip with interdigitated electrodes is presented. ZnO nanowires were synthesized on the interdigitated electrodes so that voltammetry measurement was employed to determine the test results of blood typing. The experimental results show that the discrimination between agglutination and non-agglutination was obvious and successful determinations of RBC agglutinations in blood typing tests were achieved by means of voltammetry measurement.

The objective of this study was to investigate the content of heavy metals (Arsenic, Lead, Chromium and Mercury) in raw milk of Tangshan. Samples were obtained directly from dairy farms in Tangshan City. A total of 55 raw milk samples were collected in 2012, a total of 150 raw milk samples and 150 in 2013 and 2014 respectively. All the samples were analyzed by ICP-MS (Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry) method-based on China National Standard. In general, heavy metals (Arsenic, Lead, Chromium and Mercury) of raw milk in Tangshan were relatively safe for people’s health because none of those heavy metals (Arsenic, Lead, Chromium and Mercury) contents exceeded the Maximum Limit set by China.

According to the PHC pipe pile design of Xinwan Plaza, Huaiyuan, Anhui and pile test results of static sounding method and experience method using the ultimate bearing capacity of single pile are calculated, considering the effect of soil plug the influence of vertical ultimate bearing capacity of single pile, and the formula for calculating the lateral resistance and end resistance, static sounding method and the correction formula to calculate the bearing capacity calculated results was coincident with the results of test pile. Combining with the project of Xinwan Plaza, Huaiyuan, Anhui, through the static load test, a study of the load transfer mechanism of PHC pipe pile, analyzes the vertical load, the change rule of the settlement of pile body and pile and the use of finite difference software FLAC3D simulation of the PHC pipe pile static load test, the simulation results agreed with the measured load-settlement curve.

Automatic ground vehicle detection based on SAR imagery is one of the important military applications of SAR. A region-based generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT) method is proposed in this paper, and this method combines the GLRT detection theory and image segmentation technology. First, the SAR imagery is roughly segmented as land clutter region and potential target region through the split and merge procedure often used for processing the original images. Then, based on the segmentation results, the reasonable statistical models for the data in the two regions are built respectively. Finally, with the knowledge of statistical characteristics of clutter and target, GLRT detection method is applied to the each pixel in the potential target region to obtain more accurate detection results. Experimental results based on real SAR data show that the proposed method can effectively detect the ground vehicle targets from the land clutter with excellent accuracy and speed.

With the rapid growth of the Chinese coffee market over the past few decades, a number of excellent coffee brands have emerged, and market competition is becoming increasingly fierce. Understanding the pricing strategies of major players becomes crucial, especially for new brands entering the market. This paper discusses the pricing strategies Luckin Coffee adopted, the cost analysis of its products in the competitive coffee market in China, and its pricing strategies. According to the combination of qualitative and quantitative analysis, the result shows that Luckin Coffee uses a unique pricing strategy that is relatively cheaper than other brands. This is essential for attracting young and price-sensitive consumer groups. By introducing frequent discounts, Luckin Coffee successfully differentiates itself from other traditional coffee chains, thus enlarging its market share at a dramatic speed. This paper also points out the challenges Luckin Coffee faces when it offers competitive prices while remaining profitable, and how its innovative business model helps it ease this problem.

The steel tubular-sheet pile wharf is widely used in deep-water wharves abroad due to its construction convenience, adaptability to complex geology, and cost-effectiveness. However, understanding the complex interaction between steel pipe piles, steel sheet piles, and soil in this structure is still in the research stage. China lacks sufficient knowledge about the force characteristics of this structure, particularly in terms of earth pressure theory. Therefore, it is essential to conduct research to improve the calculation of earth pressure in this structure. Based on on-site monitoring data from a 100,000-ton steel tubular-sheet pile wharf, it was observed that the soil pressure on the front wall increases nonlinearly with depth but decreases beyond a certain excavation depth range. This study compares and analyzes results from theoretical formula calculations, numerical simulations, and on-site monitoring data of soil pressure, proposing correction parameters for earth pressure calculation. Based on this analysis, correction parameters for earth pressure calculation within the excavation depth range are proposed. Parameters for soil pressure calculation above the excavation depth range are adjusted, considering a cement mixing pile cohesion of 60 kPa and an internal friction angle of 18°, which better aligns with the actual conditions of this structure.

Wind energy, as renewable energy, is critical in targeting carbon neutrality or net zero emissions in order to address global climate change. Compared with onshore wind turbines, offshore wind turbines enjoy generally higher wind speed, thus producing more electric energy. However, the harsh marine environment, including high winds, wave-induced vibrations and and sea and rain corrosion and erosion, can lead to structural damage, reduced operational efficiency and increased maintenance cost. This paper presents a novel Internet of Things (IoT) platform for structural health monitoring (SHM) of the offshore wind turbine’s key component, the wind turbine blades. This research focuses on developing a comprehensive, real-time monitoring system that utilises advanced sensor networks, edge computing, and advanced predictive algorithms to strengthen on-time maintenance of turbine blades, while avoiding unnecessary and costly regular maintenance.

Field-Assisted Sintering Technology (FAST), an advanced consolidation technique, was employed to synthesise low-temperature thermoelectric n-type Bi2Te2.7Se0.3 for energy harvesting applications. A systematic investigation of sintering parameters, including pressure, temperature, holding time, and heating rates, was conducted to optimise the material’s properties. Post-sintering characterisation encompassed measurements of relative density, thermal conductivity, electrical resistivity, and Seebeck coefficient. Factor analysis revealed the hierarchical influence of sintering variables, with temperature emerging as the most critical parameter, followed by pressure and holding time. The study successfully identified optimal FAST sintering conditions for Bi2Te2.7Se0.3, resulting in enhanced thermoelectric properties. This research demonstrates the efficacy of FAST in producing high-quality, low-temperature thermoelectric materials and provides valuable insights into the relationship between processing parameters and material performance.

Industrial CNC milling machine is huge in volume, complex in structure, poor in system openness and expensive in price, which increases the cost of training relevant professional and technical personnel in enterprises and schools, and restricts the further development of CNC milling machine. In order to solve this problem, based on the existing domestic CNC milling machine and previous research results, this paper designs a teaching type micro CNC milling machine with high integration, low cost, convenient handling, simple structure and high flexibility, and carries out processing experiments on the micro CNC milling machine. The experimental results show that when the spindle speed is 5000 r/min, the feed rate is 2000 mm/min and the engraving cutter is 1 mm, the machining error of the teaching type micro CNC milling machine is 0.1 ~ 0.2 mm, can well reflect the shape of the object to be processed, can meet the students' understanding and learning of CNC machine tools, and meet the needs of carving enthusiasts, in order to make contributions to the further development of CNC milling machines in China.

Asphalt is a black, thermoplastic, hydrocarbon material extracted from crude oil and widely used in road construction all over the world. In order to meet the requirements of construction technology, asphalt always needs to be heated to flow state in the process of mixing and paving, during which a large amount of asphalt fume is released. Asphalt fume is a complex mixtures of inorganic compound gases, volatile organic compounds and particulate matter, which poses a serious threat to the natural environment and the health of practitioners. In order to solve this problem, researchers have developed different types of fume-suppressant. In this literature review, the properties, mechanisms and effects of all kinds of commonly used fumesuppressants were discussed in detail. Finally, the problems existing in the development of asphalt fumesuppressant and corresponding improvement considerations were pointed out.

Amines widely exist in nature, wherein some of cyclic amines have crucially biological and physiological activities. They are also the basic blocks for the syntheses of important intermediates, raw materials or fine chemicals such as pharmaceuticals, pesticides and dyes. Amine synthesis by photocatalytic amination of phthalimide and olefins using porphyrin iron (III) or phthalocyanine iron(II) as photosensitizer was investigated in this paper. The results showed that the reactions selectively developed C-N addition and generated a series of compounds containing benzazepine structure with the highest yield of 99.0% at 30 °C. The scope of substrates was further examined and the results demonstrated that the reaction was effective to various olefins, especially to aliphatic olefins. In addition, the influence of the light source was further investigated. The simple, low-power, insect trap lamp (6 W, 365 nm) was used as the light source for the reaction, and a high yield of 95.0% was obtained. Therefore, the inspiring results provide a green and efficient method for the synthesis of compounds containing benzazepine structure.

According to the analysis of the status quo about applying the beauty of traditional culture to ceramic design, this paper explores the development of ceramic ornamentation, as well as the value shown by traditional culture in modern ceramic ornamental design. This paper attaches importance to the application and methods employed for the application of traditional culture to modern ceramic ornamental design.

In this paper, a novel tracking algorithm based on the cooperative operation of online appearance model and typical tracking in contiguous frames is proposed. First of all, to achieve satisfactory performances in challenging scenes, we focus on establishing a robust discriminative tracking model with linear Support Vector Machine (SVM) and use the particle filter for localization. Intended to fit the particle filter, the outputs of SVM classifier are mapped into probabilities with a sigmoid function so that the posterior of candidate samples is estimated. Then, the tracking loop starts with median flow method and the coordinated operation of the two trackers is mediated by the maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimate for the target probability of negative samples, which is defined during the sigmoid fit. Lastly, for the purpose of model update, we sum up the optimal SVM using a prototype set with the predefined budget, and the classifier is updated on both the prototype set and the updated data from the tracking results every few frames. A number of comparative experiments are conducted on real video sequences and both qualitative and quantitative evaluations demonstrate a robust and precise performance of our method.

The safety of Cyber-physical system(CPS) is up to its behavior, and it is a key property for CPS to be applied in critical application fields. A method for CPS behavior modeling and safety verification is put forward in this paper. The behavior model of CPS is described by extended hybrid system description language(EHYSDEL). The formal definition of hybrid program(HP) is given, and the behavior model is transformed to HP based on the definition. The safety of CPS is verified by inputting the HP to KeYmarea. The advantage of the approach is that it models CPS intuitively and verify it’s safety strictly avoiding the state space explosion