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The article deals with the issues of improving the productivity and quality of drilling holes. The results of systematization and introduced into production methods of drilling with changing cutting modes during insertion and entry of the drill, grinding of descending chips and removal of it and the cutting zone are developed, tool materials, coolant compositions are promising, cutting modes are optimal, a mathematical model of the influence of modes and methods of drilling on hole accuracy and quality. An algorithm of the proposed drilling methods for machine tools with program control has been compiled.

Copyright of Revue Archéologique de Picardie is the property of Revue Archeologique de Picardie and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revue Archéologique de Picardie is the property of Revue Archeologique de Picardie and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revue Archéologique de Picardie is the property of Revue Archeologique de Picardie and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revue Archéologique de Picardie is the property of Revue Archeologique de Picardie and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Spontaneous intestinal perforations are rare in a full term new-born. We report the case of an infant born at 41 weeks' gestation who, three days after birth, had pneumoperitoneum revealing congenital megacolon. Surgical exploration showed diastatic perforation of the cecum associated with a disparity in rectosigmoid caliber. The patient underwent emergency caecostomy after peritoneal washing. Histological examination of the biopsy specimens confirmed the diagnosis of congenital megacolon. The postoperative course was simple and radical treatment was performed six months later. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revue Archéologique de Picardie is the property of Revue Archeologique de Picardie and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The existing stock at this time in our country is, in general, described by the old buildings built before 1990. Their degradation, from waterproofing protection point of view, noticeable by infiltrations of water, both at the level of the superstructure (roof, and the default thermal-hydro isolation) and infrastructure (walls), is a result of multiple causes. Some of these causes were: deficient work of hydro isolation, thereby understanding the failure in implementing details, the use of materials with poor technical characteristics or savings regarding use of materials, improperly qualified or unqualified personnel for such activities. Intervention on buildings that have such problems, in order to ensure the requirements and criteria for specific performance of the waterproofing work, should pursue aspects of analysing the current situation, diagnose the causes of infiltrations, determining solutions and how to remedy those works, in order to comply with the specifications of the quality Law 10/1995 and the general requirement of waterproofing isolation.

Résumé Certains types de « bâtons-percés » paléolithiques présentent les caractéristiques d’outils composites, des rouets, destinés à fabriquer des cordes de différents diamètres. Ils se composeraient d’un volant d’inertie (« bâton percé ») en bois de cervidés, et d’un vilebrequin en bois d’arbre dont aucun exemplaire, à ce jour, n’est connu. Leurs aspérités quadrangulaires utilitaires (toupins) ont montré comment s’effectuait le commettage des fils de caret , puis le toronnage des cordes en crin de cheval. Ces observations et ces analyses réalisées en partie à partir des témoignages du texan Bill Brett et en partie d’Édouard Piette à propos du moulage de corde de la grotte de Lascaux, ont démontré de manière plus certaine ce que pouvaient être les techniques de production et d’utilisation des cordes au Paléolithique supérieur. En reprenant les travaux d’E. Piette sur les bridons et les licols (« les chevêtres »), l’analyse de gravures et de peintures ont montré des fonctions possibles de cordes comme lassos montés sur perches, filets de chasse à maillages carrés ou à bandes verticales, puis d’avancer des hypothèses sur l’usage de certaines parties de ces rouets comme épissoirs. La distinction des perforations de « type A » et de « type B » a démontré la présence de possibles poignées de freins pour obtenir plus d’efficacité, notamment en termes de saisie des gros gibiers. Certain types of Paleolithic perforated batons possess the characteristics of a type of composite tool, a spinning device, used to fabricate cords of different diameters. These devices are composed of a rotor (the perforated baton) made of antler and a stator or crank-shaft made of wood, examples of which have not yet been found. The batons’ knoblike projections can be seen as the point of attachment by which horse hair is twisted into strings and then laid up into larger-diameter cordage. These observations and analyses, partly based on the expertise of Texas cowhand B. Brett and partly on H. Glory's writings about the Lascaux rope, indicate other possibilities of cordage production and the use of ropes during the Upper Palaeolithic. Resuming work begun by E. Piette on possible Palaeolithic bridles and halters (“les chevêtres”), a new analysis of engravings and paintings shows the possible use of ropes extended on poles in the manner of lassos, hunting nets with square mesh or vertical strands, and prompts a hypothesis about the possible use of certain parts of these batons as fids. Distinctions between perforation types seen in perforated batons (type A and type B) demonstrate their possible employment as belaying devices. These objects could have used friction to safely and efficiently control ropes used in the hunting of large game animals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A comparative study was conducted to investigate the resulting tool wear and hole quality when drilling the stacks made of tita-nium (Ti) and carbon-fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) versus CFRP only plate using micrograin tungsten carbide (WC) twist drills. The experiments were designed to first drill CFRP alone to create 20 holes. Then, CFRP mechanically stacked with Ti was drilled for the next 20 holes with the same drill bit. This process was repeated until drill bit failure. The drilling experiment was performed at two distinct speeds. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) were used for tool wear analysis. Hole size, hole profile, surface roughness, and Ti burrs were analyzed using coordinate meas-uring system, surface profilometer and optical microscope. The experimental results indicate that the Ti drilling accelerated flank wear while CFRP drilling deteriorated the cutting edge. Entry delamination, hole diameter errors, and surface roughness of the CFRP plate became more pronounced during the drilling of CFRP-Ti stacks when compared with the results from the drilling of CFRP only. Damage to CFRP holes during CFRP-Ti stack drilling may be caused by Ti chips, Ti adhesion on the tool drill margin or the increased instability as the drill bits wear. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Biotechnologie, Agronomie, Societe et Environnement is the property of Les Presses Agronomiques de Gembloux and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract: The basement of the Zaouit Ech Cheikh city shelters a dense network of underground cavities. These sub-surface voids make many buildings or infrastructures unstable or cause them to collapse. To test the efficiency of geophysical methods in detecting cavities, 2D electrical tomography and ground-penetrating radar (GPR) studies were carried out along the main streets of the city. The obtained results reveal the existence of a large number of underground cavities throughout the investigated area. They also show the interest of such combined geophysical methods as tools for mapping underground holes in an urban area. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Perforation is a central venous catheterization complication mainly observed in children. Usually, patients develop sudden shock early after catheterization. We report an asymptomatic and delayed superior vena cava perforation after subclavian venous adult catheterization discovered by contrast injection tomography. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: A numerical tool is developed for coupling natural convection in cavities with surface radiation and computations are performed for an air-filled square cavity whose four walls have the same emissivity. Compared to the adiabatic case without radiation, the top wall is cooled, the bottom wall is heated, air flow along the horizontal walls are reinforced and thermal stratification in cavity core is reduced. Detailed analysis shows that net radiative heat flux is linear with ΔT if , which is the case at low Rayleigh number, and that radiative Nusselt number is a linear function of the cavity height. Surface radiation induces an early transition to time-dependent flows: for and a cavity height of 0.335 m the critical Rayleigh number is equal to and the corresponding Hopf bifurcation is supercritical. Furthermore, multiple periodic solutions are observed between and . To cite this article: H. Wang et al., C. R. Mecanique 334 (2006). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Aim of the study. – To report a series of 17 patients operated for a complication oesophagocoloplasty, with evaluation of therapeutic modalities, and both early and distant results. Materials and method. – From 1985 to 2003, 17 patients with a mean age of 50 years (range: 23–76) were reoperated after coloplasty pediculated on left superior colic vessels. Initial diseases were caustic ingestion (N =7), cancer (N =6), oesophageal perforation (N =2), gastric lymphoma (N =1) and oesotracheal fistula (N =1). Coloplasty has been performed as a first-intent procedure in 13 cases and as a second-intent procedure after failure of a previous operation in 4 cases. Nine patients were initially operated in another center and were subsequently referred in our unit. Complications needing reoperation were graft necrosis in 8 cases (47%) and stricture in 9 cases (53%). All patients with necrosis were reoperated within the 10 first postoperative days. Results. – Necroses were treated by complete (N =5) or partial (N =3) resection of the coloplasty. Strictures were treated by resection-reanastomosis (N =3), right ileocoloplasty (N =2), colic stricturoplasty (N =2), a free antebrachial flap (N =1) and a tubulized latissimus dorsi myocutaneous pedicled flap (N =1). The 30-day mortality rate was 12% (N =2) and the overall morbidity rate was 66%. All deaths occurred after reoperation for necrosis. Eleven patients (65%) kept or recovered digestive continuity (including the 9 with stenosis) and 8 (73%) eat normally. Four patients with transplant necrosis died before reestablishment. Four patients operated for necrosis died before restoration of digestive continuity and 2 patients are still awaiting restoration. Conclusion. – Use of colon as an oesophageal substitue is risky. Reoperations for stenosis allows satisfactory oral feeding, while reoperation for necrosis is associated with both high early mortality and a low rate of restoration or digestive continuity. This later requires a range of complex surgical procedures. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The abandoned pillars in iron mines in Lorraine show that the oolitic ore underwent several chemical-mineralogical transformations. The first one is a rapid alteration of the diagenetic siderite and berthierine cement promoted by a bacterial flora. The oolites of goethite pack down and get loaded by deviatory-type stresses; they desquamate, get deformed and become powdery; the ore looses its cohesion. A second step, featuring recrystallisation–neoformation of berthierine in the previously formed micro-cavities, then the formation of a cavernous goethite–hematite crust, leads to a low cohesion to the crumbled ore; this anthropic-origin ageing may be one cause of mine collapsing. To cite this article: G. Dagallier et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 455–462. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Seismic methods were tested to detect underground cavities in the surroundings of Annet-sur-Marne (Seine-et-Marne, France). Cavities are located in three Ludian gypsum layers, between 30 and 80 m in depth. A high resolution seismic profile 450 m long was carried out so that the first third and the other part are respectively above non-exploited and exploited areas. Data processing highlights a series of reflections related to the marl–gypsum interfaces in the non-exploited area, while these reflections disappear in the exploited area. With the help of numerical simulations, this feature is interpreted as a disorganisation of wave fronts reflected on interfaces because of the presence of cavities. To cite this article: G. Grandjean et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 441–447. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Introduction: La perforation gastrique du nouveau-né est une affection rare, au pronostic encore grave qui nécessite une prise en charge chirurgicale. Nous rapportons ici un cas de perforation gastrique idiopathique survenus chez un nouveau-né à terme. Observation: Bébé de sexe féminin, née au terme de 38 semaines d’aménorrhée. L’accouchement a eu lieu par voie haute dans un hôpital général. Les premières heures de vie se déroulaient sans problème. Au deuxième jour, apparaissait une distension abdominale importante responsable d’une gêne respiratoire, avec sur la radiographie de l’abdomen sans préparation un pneumopéritoine. Le médecin traitant a fait une ponction abdominale avec une amélioration de la gêne respiratoire puis il l’a adressée dans notre service. Une laparotomie a été faite en urgence qui permettait de découvrir une perforation gastrique. Une toilette péritonéale et une suture de la perforation ont été effectuées. L’évolution a été marquée par le décès du bébé du fais d’une défaillance multi viscérale au 2e jour en post opératoires. Conclusion: La perforation gastrique chez le nouveau-né est une urgence chirurgicale rare mais grave qui met en jeu le pronostic vital. Le pronostic dépend de la rapidité du diagnostic et de la réanimation en pré et en postopératoire. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: La perforation gastrique néonatale idiopathique est une pathologie rare survenant durant la première semaine de vie. L’étiologie reste encore mal connue et son pronostic reste réservé. Observations: La première observation concerne un nouveau né de trois jours hypotrophe admis dans un tableau de distension abdominale et vomissements alimentaires La radiographie a noté un pneumopéritoine important. La laparotomie a confirmé la présence de 2 perforations gastriques. Le traitement consistait en une résection des deux tiers de la face antérieur de la grosse tubérosité gastrique. Les suites étaient simples avec un recul 6 mois. La deuxième observation concerne un nouveau né de deux jours, admis au service de néonatologie dans un tableau grave de détresse respiratoire et un tableau d’occlusion néonatale manifeste. La laparotomie a mis en évidence une perforation gastrique de 4cm, et la suture a été faite en un seul plan. Les suites étaient marquées par le décès dans un état de choc septique. À travers nos deux observations et après une revue de la littérature, nous rapportons ses différentes manifestations cliniques, les facteurs de risque incriminés et les modalités thérapeutiques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Le fibrosarcome infantile est une pathologie rare, plus fréquemment constatée au niveau du tronc, des membres ou de la tête, la localisation digestive est exceptionnelle, 4 cas ont été publiés. Nous rapportons 2 observations de péritonite néo-natale révélant la tumeur iléale perforée. Il s’agissait de deux nouveaux nés avec perforation digestive l’une à 40cm, l’autre à 50cm de la valvule de Bauhin à J2 de vie, l’un d’entre eux a bénéficié d’un diagnostic anténatal de masse liquidienne latéro-vésicale gauche de 25*11mm à 22 SA, retrouvée jusqu’en fin de grossesse. Les constatations opératoires évoquaient un diverticule de Meckel perforé, la résection digestive en zone saine a été l’unique traitement. Le diagnostic a été fait lors de l’histologie et la translocation spécifique t (12;15) avec transcrit ETV6 /NTRK3 ont été retrouvés révélant un fibrosarcome congénital infantile. Une surveillance avec échographie abdominale tous les 3 mois a été préconisée. Le recul sans récidive est de 5 mois dans un cas et 7 ans dans l’autre. Conclusion: Les tumeurs digestives néonatales peuvent être découvertes à l’occasion de la perforation digestive d’un diverticule iléal anti-mésentérique. Leur découverte nécessite la recherche en biologie moléculaire du transcrit spécifique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

La perforation digestive isolée du nouveau-né a été décrite en premier lieu par Siebold en 1825 et a été longtemps étiquetée idiopathique et considérée comme une entité différente de l’entérocolite ulcéronécrosante. Au cours de ces dernières années, plusieurs publications divergentes ont rendu la distinction entre la perforation digestive isolée du nouveau né et l’entérocolite ulcéronécrosante problématique. Les auteurs rapportent l’observation d’un nouveau-né à terme, âgé de 2 jours, qui a présenté une perforation focale du grêle et ayant nécessité une résection colique partielle avec mise en colostomie. Le rétablissement de la continuité digestive a été réalisé à l’âge de 45 jours avec des suites opératoires défavorables marquées pare le décès à l’âge de 2 mois. À partir des données de notre observation, nous essayons de dégager quelques éléments de réponse sur l’existence ou non de différences entre ces deux entités lésionnelles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]