38 results
Search Results
2. El paper del Tribunal Suprem en l'evolució de la Federació canadenca: quin equilibri de poders?
- Author
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Eugénie Brouillet
- Subjects
Canadà ,Quebec ,Estat federal ,Federació ,províncies ,equilibri de poders ,Tribunal Suprem. ,Law ,Law in general. Comparative and uniform law. Jurisprudence ,K1-7720 - Abstract
Cal remarcar, en el si de les federacions contemporànies, una certa tendència a la concentració dels poders resultant de l'aplicació judicial de les normes relatives a la divisió de poders entre els nivells de govern. Canadà no és una excepció en aquest sentit. Com a àrbitre últim dels conflictes federatius, el Tribunal Suprem ha infós un camí d'evolució cap a la centralització de la federació canadenca. Pel que fa als conflictes sobre el repartiment de competències legislatives, aquesta tendència es basa en una dilució del valor normatiu del principi del federalisme, l'adopció d'un concepte anomenat cooperatiu del repartiment de competències i l'hegemonia de l'enfocament interpretatiu evolutiu. Igualment cridat a jugar un paper fonamental en certs moments clau de la història constitucional del país, el Tribunal va haver d'intentar conciliar les qüestions de legitimitat i de legalitat. Si l'adopció d'un enfocament positivista de la interpretació constitucional li va donar aquesta difícil tasca en les referències sobre la repatriació del poder constituent a principis dels anys 1980, una visió més àmplia de l'ordre normatiu canadenc li va permetre, en gran mesura, de tornar-hi en la referència de 1998 sobre la secessió del Quebec. Per una col·lectivitat nacional minoritària com és la del Quebec dins de la federació canadenca, el manteniment d'un equilibri de poders és de vital importància, ja que li permet conservar la seva esfera autonòmica fonamental per a la seva expansió col·lectiva.
- Published
- 2011
3. Die Soziale Arbeit in Kanada auf dem Prüfstand: Eine Übersicht.
- Author
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Preston, Susan
- Abstract
Copyright of Sozial Extra is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Scientia Paedagogica Experimentalis. International Journal of Experimental Research in Education. XV, 2.
- Author
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Centre for Experimental Educational Research, Ghent (Belgium). and Verbist, R.
- Abstract
This journal of educational research contains five papers written by international authors. The initial paper presents the evaluation of a French immersion program for students from the second through the fourth grade in Toronto. The aim of the second paper, written in French with an English summary, was to find the attitude dimensions of French Canadian primary school teachers and to discover the contents of those dimensions. The third paper, also in French, describes an experiment of computer assisted instruction for diabetic, insulin dependent patients. The fourth paper identifies problems experienced by first year university students of various ethnic backgrounds at the University of Fort Hare, South Africa. The final paper investigates relationships among locus of control, difficulties with social groups, and psycho-social difficulties in social situations. Current educational research being done by various international educators is chronicled, and information about current events of the World Association for Educational Research is presented. (JN)
- Published
- 1978
5. Fremde und Exil: Paul Zech in Argentinien und Henry Kreisel in Kanada (Foreignness and Exile: Paul Zech in Argentina and Henry Kreisel in Canada).
- Author
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van der Leeden, Katrin
- Abstract
For teachers of German as a foreign language it's especially important to provide a new point of access to one's own world through the "view from the outside" and simultaneously to understand the foreign (learner) culture. Analysis of different life paths of Paul Zech (1881-1946) in Argentina and Henry Kreisel (1922-1991) in Canada makes this possible and should lead to a new pedagogy of understanding. (AP)
- Published
- 1996
6. Hilfe zur Selbsthilfe: Das Leitmotiv eines neuen Fortbildungsmodells fur DaF in Kanada (Helping Others To Help Themselves: The Dominant Theme of a New Model of Continuing Education for German as a Foreign Language in Canada).
- Author
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Enns, Esther E.
- Abstract
Describes the new direction in Canadian continuing education for German teachers. Autonomous learning and collegial collaboration at the regional level are at the center of this re-orientation. At the national level, networking among regionally-active teacher groups that will lead to a new organizational structure and to new forms of cooperation is encouraged. (AP)
- Published
- 1996
7. The Evolution of Estimated Time of Arrival: The City of Toronto’s CVE Program
- Author
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Andrew McKenzie and David O’Brien
- Subjects
direct-service ,engagement ,case study ,cve ,toronto ,canada ,Political science ,Political science (General) ,JA1-92 - Abstract
The Countering Violent Extremism (CVE) field is evolving in Canada, with CVE teams offering psychosocial disengagement interventions in the provinces of Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Saskatchewan and Quebec. This article is written as a case study to detail the evolution of the city of Toronto’s CVE program, called Estimated Time of Arrival (ETA), housed in the community mental health centre Yorktown Family Services (“Yorktown”). Toronto – the largest Canadian city, provincial capital of Ontario, and one of the most multicultural cities in the world – has seen several high-profile cases of violent extremism and terrorism over the past few years. For example, there were two “Incel” attacks that together killed eleven people, including nine women, in 2018 and 2020. In 2022, hate crime occurrences reported to the Toronto Police Service were 74% higher than pre-pandemic levels, and 40% higher than the 10-year average. Clearly, there was a need for a structured and multi-sectoral response which led to the inception of ETA in 2020. Against this backdrop, this paper outlines ETA’s program components and operational design. Various data points such as client age range, ideological affiliation, and services rendered are provided to demonstrate trends for the period of April 2022 to March 2023. As this paper will demonstrate, ETA’s services are grounded in engagement, outreach, case management (multi-agency service delivery), psychotherapy, religious counselling, peer support and forensic consultation, which is reflected in the evolving CVE literature and evidence-base.
- Published
- 2024
8. Funkbrucke Conference Call.
- Author
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Alberta Dept. of Education, Edmonton. Curriculum Support Branch. and Wicke, Rainer E.
- Abstract
A guide to the use of radio and telecommunications to promote international student communication describes a project in which teenagers from Cologne (West Germany) and Edmonton (Alberta) discuss their concerns via radio as well as provide descriptions of life in West Germany and Canada. Transcripts from two radio programs--one in English and one in German--illustrate the exchange of ideas on how to solve international problems such as pollution, international warfare, and starvation in the Third World, and discuss topics such as lifestyles, school, leisure time, and hopes for the future. Other materials included are photographs of the students and production staff, teaching tips, worksheets, and newspaper articles about the project. The materials are suggested for use in German language teaching, social studies instruction, and promotion of German language study. (MSE)
- Published
- 1989
9. The King-Byng Affair and Transformation of the Role of Governor-General in Canada
- Author
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Martin Šubrt
- Subjects
canada ,great britain ,british-canadian relations ,the king-byng affair ,william lyon mackenzie king ,lord byng of vimy ,governor-general ,imperial conference in 1926 ,International relations ,JZ2-6530 - Abstract
The study focuses on an analysis of the King-Byng affair, Canadian constitutional crisis of 1926. During the government crisis in Canada, the British Governor-General Lord Byng of Vimy denied the request of Prime Minister William Lyon Mackenzie King to dissolve parliament and declare new elections. Lord Byng chose a different procedure instead, as a result of which he interfered significantly in internal Canadian politics. This incident contributed to a precise definition of the new office of Governor-General in dominions during the Imperial Conference in London in 1926. The Governor-General lost his office as representative of the British government and he became only the representative of the British monarch. The aim of this paper is to focus on what role the King-Byng affair plays in this transformation of the conception of Governor-General and in the process of establishment of the independence of Canada from its mother country.
- Published
- 2019
10. Praxeologisch-wissenssoziologische Unterrichtsforschung: Norm und Habitus in fachunterrichtlichen Praxen der Sekundarstufe in Kanada.
- Subjects
SOCIOLOGY of knowledge ,SOCIAL norms ,SECONDARY school students ,GROUP identity ,CLASSROOMS ,ACHIEVEMENT - Abstract
Copyright of Zeitschrift für Qualitative Forschung (ZQF) is the property of Verlag Barbara Budrich GmbH and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Kanada und die Energieressourcen der Arktis.
- Author
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Dolata, Petra
- Abstract
Copyright of Zeitschrift für Aussen- und Sicherheitspolitik is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. ÖÖffnungszeiten von Universitäätsbibliotheken im internationalen Vergleich.
- Author
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Reichmann, Gerhard
- Subjects
ACADEMIC libraries ,LIBRARY users ,DIGITAL media ,DIGITIZATION of archival materials ,DIGITIZATION of library materials ,DIGITAL preservation ,WEB archiving - Abstract
Copyright of Bibliothek Forschung und Praxis is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Die Dialektik multikultureller Identität: Kanada als Lehrstück.
- Author
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WINTER, ELKE
- Subjects
MULTICULTURALISM ,NATIONAL character ,NEWSPAPER sections, columns, etc. - Abstract
Copyright of Swiss Political Science Review is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Margaret Atwood’s Postcolonial and Postmodern Feminist Novels with Psychological and Mythic Influences: The Archetypal Analysis of the Novel Surfacing
- Author
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Andrejka Obidič
- Subjects
Margaret Atwood ,Canada ,Edward Said’s postcolonial theory ,postcolonialism ,Linda Hutcheon ,postmodernism ,Language and Literature - Abstract
The paper analyzes Margaret Atwood’s postcolonial and postmodern feminist novels from the psychological perspective of Carl Gustav Jung’s theory of archetypes and from the perspective of Robert Graves’s mythological figures of the triple goddess presented in his work The White Goddess: A Historical Grammar of Poetic Myth (1997). In this regard, the paper focuses on the mythic and psychological roles embodied and played by Atwood’s victimized female protagonists who actively seek their identity and professional self-realization on their path towards personal evolution in the North American patriarchal society of the twentieth century. Thus, they are no longer passive as female characters of the nineteenth-century colonial novels which are centered on the male hero and his colonial adventures. In her postcolonial and postmodern feminist novels, Atwood further introduces elements of folk tales, fairy tales, legends, myths and revives different literary genres, such as a detective story, a crime and historical novel, a gothic romance, a comedy, science fiction, etc. Moreover, she often abuses the conventions of the existing genre and mixes several genres in the same narrative. For instance, her narrative The Penelopiad (2005) is a genre-hybrid novella in which she parodies the Grecian myth of the adventurer Odysseus and his faithful wife Penelope by subverting Homer’s serious epic poem into a witty satire. In addition, the last part of the paper analyzes the author’s cult novel Surfacing (1972 (1984)) according to Joseph Campbell’s and Northrop Frye’s archetypal/myth criticism and it demonstrates that Atwood revises the biblical myth of the hero’s quest and the idealized world of medieval grail romances from the ironic prospective of the twentieth century, as it is typical of postmodernism.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Documenting De-colonial Practices through Comics: Joe Sacco’s Paying the Land
- Author
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Mattia Arioli
- Subjects
joe sacco ,documentary comics ,dene people ,canada ,colonialism ,Social Sciences ,Language and Literature - Abstract
Being a “cool medium” (McLuhan 1964) comics provide less sensory information and therefore demands more involvement and/or ‘completion’ by the reader/viewer. They ask for slowness, as the viewer has to recompose, understand, and question the existing relation between words and pictures. This mode of fruition contrasts with the rapid way we generally consume news (even though they might use a similar visual-verbal syntax). Their slowness help comics visualize the stories of those who have been ignored/neglected by the international arena and makes the reader witness human rights violation and abuses (Chute 2016). This paper aims to discuss how Joe Sacco’s Paying the Land (2020) (re)narrates the past and present relationship between Aboriginal people and (all) Canadians. This comics testifies to the existence of allied depictions (as Joe Sacco is not of Aboriginal descent and does not appropriate Indigenous stories) that aim to break (even controversially) the silence about past and present sufferings of the Dene peoples in Canada, but also shows forms of Indigenous activism and healing practices that aim to re-construct community ties.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. NORTH AMERICAN COLONYS OF THE BRITISH EMPIRE AND THE PROBLEM OF ENSURING THEIR SECURITY IN THE 1960S 19TH CENTURY
- Author
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Simonenko E.S.
- Subjects
british empire ,north american colonies ,canada ,imperial defense ,henry palmerston ,william gladstone ,Archaeology ,CC1-960 ,Law in general. Comparative and uniform law. Jurisprudence ,K1-7720 ,Social Sciences - Abstract
The paper examines the process of transformation of the principles of Imperial defense in the North American colonies of the British Empire. It limits the chronological scope of the work to the 60s. XIX century, when the colonial possessions of Britain in North America received the status of a dominion, which assumed self-government, including in the field of defense. It traces the genesis of the idea of mutual obligations in the field of defense between the mother country and the North American colonies in the first half of the 19th century. It studies the strategic plans for the defense of Canadian territory, developed by British government and military experts at various levels. It formulates the views of W. Gladstone, which determined the policy of Imperial defense throughout the whole decade. It pays particular attention to the transformation of the maritime aspect of Imperial defense and its consequences for the North American colonies. It characterizes 60s 19th century by a weakening of the Anglocentric model of building relations with the North American colonies, where all the full obligations to ensure their security were assigned to the mother country. Henceforth, the colonies were to be responsible for the land defense of their territories. Thus, by the end of the 60s. 19th century finally took shape the trend of transition to the principle of mutual control and collective responsibility in the field of Imperial defense.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Föderalismus in Demokratien und Autokratien - Vereinbarkeiten, Spannungsfelder und Dynamiken.
- Author
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Benz, Arthur and Kropp, Sabine
- Abstract
Copyright of Zeitschrift für Vergleichende Politikwissenschaft is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. The cross-border movement of goods : <<The>> import-turnover tax and the tariff in connection with the impact/consequences of trade agreements and embargos
- Author
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Eisenbeutl, Marina
- Subjects
Origin Protocol ,Goods ,Unionswaren ,Non-Union goods ,Emergence of debt ,Unionsgebiet ,Levies ,Preferences ,Exemptions ,Embargos ,Schuldner ,Schuldentstehung ,Customs ,Origin of goods ,Trade Agreement ,Zollgebiet ,Steuer ,Dumping ,Proof ,Customs territory ,Lieferung ,Rules of origin ,Abgaben ,Bemessungsgrundlage ,Delivery ,Warenverkehr ,Einfuhrumsatzsteuer ,Canada ,Importeur ,Ursprungsprotokoll ,Ursprungsregeln ,Freihandel(-sabkommen) ,Handelsabkommen ,Kumulierung ,Nichtunionswaren ,Einfuhr ,Import ,Nachweis ,Accumulation ,CETA-Abkommen ,Assessment basis ,Debtors ,Drittland ,Zoll ,Warenursprung ,Importer ,Free trade (agreement) ,Movement of goods ,Union goods ,Befreiungen ,Waren ,Präferenzen ,Zollpräferenzen ,Tariff Preferences ,CETA Agreement ,Kanada ,Union territory ,Third country - Abstract
Durch die ständig zunehmende Globalisierung gewinnt der grenzüberschreitende Warenverkehr immer mehr an Bedeutung. Dabei bringt diese enormen Vorteile mit sich, wie die Möglichkeit der Spezialisierung auf die wirtschaftlichen Stärken und vorhandenen Rohstoffe eines jeden Landes. Dahingegen entstehen durch diesen jedoch auch Nachteile, wie eine weltweit auf Gegenseitigkeit beruhenden Abhängigkeit der Länder. Findet ein grenzüberschreitender Warenverkehr statt, führt dieser außerdem zur Entstehung von Abgaben, die wichtigsten stellen der Zoll und die Einfuhrumsatzsteuer dar. Diese Arbeit befasst sich mit den soeben genannten Abgaben und den Auswirkungen der Freihandelsabkommen und Embargos auf diese. Zu Beginn dieser Arbeit werden die Funktion und das System der Zollabgabe analysiert, um zu erörtern, wie und in welchen Fällen es zur Entstehung einer Zollabgabe kommt. Anschließend wird die Einfuhrumsatzsteuer thematisiert. Auch hier liegt der Fokus auf dem System und der Entstehung dieser Abgabe. Darüber hinaus wird analysiert, wann es unabhängig von Freihandelsabkommen bereits zu einem Aussetzen, einer Befreiung, einer Verschiebung oder auch einer Verminderung der Abgaben kommt. Aufgrund des immer lauter Werdens protektionistischer Stimmen, die eine Einfuhr bzw. eine Erhöhung von Zöllen fordern, sollten die Vorteile und Chancen, die Handelsabkommen schaffen, nicht außer Acht gelassen werden. Daher erfolgt im Anschluss eine Analyse von Freihandelsabkommen. Da vor allem das „Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement“ zwischen der EU einerseits und Kanada andererseits Besonderheiten aufweist, wird dieses vertiefend thematisiert. Welche Ursprungsregeln der Waren sind einzuhalten, damit ein Warenverkehr zwischen der EU und Kanada stattfinden kann, ohne eine Entstehung der Zollabgabe auszulösen? Welche Nachweise müssen daher vom Importeur vorgelegt werden, damit die zollpräferenzielle Behandlung stattfinden kann? Und welche Pflichten bzw. Risiken treffen den Importeur in diesem Zusammenhang? Damit diese Fragen gelöst werden können, wird das Protokoll der Ursprungsregeln und Ursprungsbestimmungen analysiert. Im Anschluss findet eine Gegenüberstellung des Nachweises des präferenziellen Ursprungs, welchen das CETA-Abkommen verlangt, mit den Freihandelsabkommen zwischen der EU einerseits und Japan bzw. Singapur andererseits, statt. Den Abschluss dieser Arbeit bildet ein Exkurs, der sich mit staatlich angeordneten Zwangsmaßnahmen, Sanktionen und Beschränkungen den Außenwirtschaftsverkehr betreffend – allgemein bekannt als Embargos – beschäftigt. Due to the constantly increasing globalization, countries are becoming ever more reliant on the cross-border movement of goods for a strong economy. This brings with it a number of advantages and disadvantages. One negative aspect of globalization is a high dependency on other countries for basic and specialized goods. Opposingly this is also a positive, with each country free to specialize in its strengths and available raw materials. Whenever a cross-border movement of goods takes place, this also leads to the origin of duties. The most important duties are the tariff and the import-turnover tax. This paper deals with said levies and the impact Free Trade Agreements and embargos have on them. To begin, the function and system of tariff will be analyzed in order to discuss how and in which cases a tariff is placed. Subsequently, the import-turnover tax is discussed focusing on the structure and the origin of this tax. In addition, it is analyzed when a suspension, exemption, deferral, or reduction of duties already occurs. Due to the growing number of protectionist voices calling for imports or an increase in customs duties, the advantages and opportunities created by trade agreements should not be ignored. Therefore, an analysis of the FTA1 will follow. As the "Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement" between the EU and Canada has special characteristics, it will be discussed. Which rules of origin goods have to be observed in order for a trade in goods between the EU and Canada to take place without triggering a tariff? What proof must therefore be provided by the importer to ensure that preferential tariff treatment takes place? And what are the importer's obligations and risks in this connection? In order to resolve these questions, the protocol of rules of origin and origin rules is analyzed and conclusions presented. Subsequently, a comparison is made between the proof of preferential origin required by the CETA2 and the Free Trade Agreements between the EU and Japan and the EU and Singapore on the other. Finally, the paper touches upon the economic tool of an embargo, which, in contradiction to the trade agreement, looks to restrict cross-border movement and reduce specific trade. vorgelegt von: Marina Eisenbeutl Wien, FH Campus Wien, Masterarb., 2020
- Published
- 2020
19. COMPLEX DEPOSITS OF NONFERROUS AND PRECIOUS METALS IN SEDIMENTARY BASINS
- Author
-
E. S. Kontar
- Subjects
lcsh:TN1-997 ,geography ,non-ferrous metals ,Canada ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,organometallic complexes ,salts ,Geochemistry ,Eastern European platform ,precious metals ,Onega deflection ,Sedimentary basin ,sedimentary basins ,Southern China ,black shales ,Geology ,lcsh:Mining engineering. Metallurgy - Abstract
The urgency of this review is conditioned by the expediency of generalization of published materials on geological features of complex ore deposits localized in sedimentary basins of many regions of the world. The purpose of the study is to compose a review of the papers published in Russia and in foreign countries during the last 25–30 years. These papers should be concerned with the issues of the placement, geological structure and Mineralogy of non-traditional deposits of precious and non-ferrous metals. This should be taken into account when forecasting such objects in appropriate geological conditions. Research methodology: the review is based on the analysis of the published data. This information characterizes unconventional complex deposits of precious and non-ferrous metals of different geological provinces of the world with varying degrees of completeness and reliability. Results. Peculiar complex polymetallic deposits of noble and non-ferrous metals are localized in sedimentary basins of many regions of the world. The ores of these deposits include Mo, Ni, Cu, Zn, U, Se, and V. They are accompanied by abnormally high concentrations of noble metals, including platinum group metals, among them Pt and Pd usually prevail. The presence of ore-bearing terrigenous carbon formations of different ages in the anoxic parts of the shelf of the inland sea basins or in marginal-continental sea basins is common to all known provinces with complex polymetallic deposits. The basins maintain a fundamentally similar paleotectonic position: they are part of the covers of ancient platforms or of the upper parts of their foundations. Summary. The most detailed information is available on deposits of Southern China, Canada, and Onega deflection in Karelia. The information about precious-metal mineralization of the Verkhnekamsk salt deposit is also presented. The data on the likely prospects for similar mineralization of some structures of the Eastern edge of the East European platform are given as well.
- Published
- 2018
20. German-Speaking Émigré Neuroscientists in North America after 1933: Critical Reflections on Emigration-Induced Scientific Change
- Author
-
Frank W. Stahnisch
- Subjects
forced-migration ,neuroscientists ,Canada ,USA ,scientific change ,History (General) and history of Europe - Abstract
This paper endeavors to document and analyze the impact of forced-migration of German-speaking neuroscientists to Canada and the United States during the National-Socialist era, while specifically focusing on concepts and scientific applications of interdisciplinarity in 20th century neuroscientific research. The objectives of this paper are firstly, to describe the general research topic; secondly, to introduce a new model for the historiography and social studies of forced-migration in the neurosciences and thirdly, to explore, in a preliminary way, the impact that particular Central- European émigré-researchers had on this emerging postwar biomedical field in North America.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. And We Are Still Walking … When a Protest Walk Becomes a Step Towards Research on the Move
- Author
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Guylaine Racine, Karoline Truchon, and Merdad Hage
- Subjects
protest walk ,non-status immigrants ,recognition ,civic engagement ,Canada ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
In June 2005, we joined about one hundred other participants in the No One Is Illegal March on Ottawa. This 200-kilometer march was organized by Solidarity Across Borders and non-status immigrants living in Canada. This paper tells the story of this march and of the people who participated in the week-long event, which was part of a movement to defend the rights of non-status immigrants in Canada. Our desire to tell this story stems from the fact that we are still actively participating in this march in many different ways. We would like to trace some of the connections between what is really two stories: one that relates the actual march, and another that describes a documentary we made and a research project we are conducting on the march. Finally, this paper gives us an opportunity to experiment with a style of writing and publication that allows us to use both images and text in order to bring seldom-heard voices—those of non-status immigrants—into the public sphere. In so doing, we wish to present not only some of our work, but also some of the people who were involved in the march and whose thoughts and actions inspired our work. URN: urn:nbn:de:0114-fqs0802293
- Published
- 2008
22. RADICALISM LEADING TO VIOLENT EXTREMISM IN CANADA: A MULTI-LEVEL ANALYSIS OF MUSLIM COMMUNITY AND UNIVERSITY BASED STUDENT LEADERS’ PERCEPTIONS AND EXPERIENCES
- Author
-
Kawser Ahmed
- Subjects
Canada ,Interviews ,CVE ,Communities ,Deradicalization ,Political science ,Political science (General) ,JA1-92 - Abstract
Recently, more than 150 Canadians have joined the Islamic State (IS) in the Middle East, causing alarm among both Canadian policy makers and the general citizenry. One of the most salient questions related to this development pertains to the factors that drove these young people to extremism. Most experts posit that extremism is caused by multiple factors embedded in our social, economic, geopolitical, and cultural processes. However, evidence to support such claims is still poor as limited primary research has been done in Canada to understand, explain, and identify radicalism’s causes, its main drivers, and its global-local linkages. Due to their emphasis on policy and federal law enforcement, studies of radicalism in Canada have proven inadequate in outlining a comprehensive understanding of the psycho-social conditions that might be associated with the radicalization process. Considering the above gaps, this research draws upon three studies in order to map the perceptions of the leadership of Islamic community-based organizations and university-based student organizations with regards to issues related to social conflict, terrorism, and counter-terrorism in Canada. The objective of this study is to both document the existence of radicalism and to determine the role of critical social issues that may potentially contribute to this phenomenon. In addition, this paper will hopefully elaborate on the results of a multi-level (macro, meso, and micro) analysis of the social factors which act as key drivers of radicalism through the use of qualitative methods and the aid of social conflict and social-psychological theoretical lenses. Finally, the study concludes by exploring the Canadian national counter-terrorism (CT) strategy’s effectiveness in countering radicalization.
- Published
- 2016
23. WESTERN ISLAMIC SCHOOLS AS INSTITUTIONS FOR PREVENTING BEHAVIORAL RADICALIZATION: THE CASE OF QUEBEC
- Author
-
Hicham Tiflati
- Subjects
Quebec ,Canada ,Radicalization ,Schools ,Violent Extremism ,CVE ,Deradicalization ,Political science ,Political science (General) ,JA1-92 - Abstract
Understanding radicalization in the West is more important than ever. Since the onset of the Syrian civil war, there has been increasing media and academic attention on the radicalization process of individuals and foreign Muslim fighters, leaving the comfort of their homes to join ISIS. Numerous initiatives, governmental as well as community-based, were created to combat and prevent this phenomenon. This inquiry sets out the core components to developing a critically reflective approach to Islamic schooling in the West for the purposes of preventing behavioral radicalization of Muslim youth. Extensive research on Islamic education in North America is lacking; in fact, it is scarcer in Quebec. This paper examines the role of Montreal’s Islamic schools in countering or encouraging radicalization. I seek to address two main questions: (1) Do Islamic schools advance radicalization by providing cognitive radical platforms to students? And (2) how and why do certain parents consider these schools a safe haven from the radicalization of their children? I conclude that modern Islamic schooling, at least in part or in some cases, can be regarded as itself a preventive measure to Islamic behavioral radicalization. Indeed, such schooling can help in creating balanced western Islamic identities that are functional from both western and Islamic worldviews.
- Published
- 2016
24. Le Musée des Beaux-Arts du Canada : une histoire du vivre ensemble
- Author
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Véronique Stahn
- Subjects
Nation ,memory ,heritage’s transmission ,museum ,Canada ,identity ,History of Civilization ,CB3-482 ,History (General) ,D1-2009 - Abstract
The history of the National Gallery of Canada belongs to the history of national museums in society since the 19th century. Its creation is linked to canadian national identity in the era of the birth of nationalisms. This paper tries to put the birth of the museum in the context of history, memory and patrimonial transmission, which are central problematics in regard of the history of museums in the 19th and 20th centuries.
- Published
- 2017
25. Manipulationsanreize im Gale-Shapley-Algorithmus: Ein Literaturüberblick
- Author
-
Hüber, Frank and Wissenschaftszentrum Berlin für Sozialforschung gGmbH
- Subjects
game theory ,Canada ,Spieltheorie ,I29 ,Economics ,Bildungswesen tertiärer Bereich ,Großbritannien ,Verhalten ,United States of America ,incentive system ,Education ,ddc:370 ,Basic Research, General Concepts and History of Economics ,Strategie ,strategic behavior ,ddc:330 ,D78 ,Matching ,Bildung und Erziehung ,preference ,Abstimmung ,USA ,C78 ,behavior ,market ,Markt ,Great Britain ,Wirtschaft ,University Education ,Präferenz ,Kanada ,university admission ,Allgemeines, spezielle Theorien und Schulen, Methoden, Entwicklung und Geschichte der Wirtschaftswissenschaften ,voting ,manipulation ,Hochschulzugang ,strategy ,Anreizsystem - Abstract
Die von Gale und Shapley in ihrem 1962 veröffentlichten Artikel College Admissions and the Stability of Marriage vorgestellte deferred acceptance procedure hat in der Literatur zu einer umfassenden Diskussion über Zuordnungsverfahren auf zweiseitigen Märkten geführt, die sich mit der Fragestellung beschäftigen, wie die Agenten zweier disjunkter Mengen anhand gegenseitiger Präferenzlisten einander zugeordnet werden können. Dem von Gale und Shapley vorgestellten Algorithmus kam dabei in den letzten Jahren nicht nur in der Theorie eine große Bedeutung zu, sondern auch in der Praxis wird dem Versagen zahlreicher Märkte mit solchen Mechanismen entgegengetreten. Diese Arbeit geht ausführlich auf die von Gale und Shapley entwickelte deferred acceptance procedure und die sich hieraus ergebenden Manipulationsanreize auf zweiseitigen Märkten anhand des Hochzeits- und college admissions-Problems ein. Die im jeweiligen Modell resultierenden Manipulationsanreize werden in vier Arten von Manipulationen gegliedert - die Manipulation anhand von Präferenzen, anhand vorzeitiger bilateraler Vereinbarungen, anhand von endowments und anhand der Quote - und jeweils miteinander verglichen. Dabei wird deutlich, dass weder die deferred acceptance procedure noch irgendein anderes Zuordnungsverfahren, das stabile Zuordnungen ergibt, vollständig immun gegen Manipulationen ist. Anhand zahlreicher Theoreme und Überlegungen kann jedoch gezeigt werden, dass die Anreize oft nur für eine Seite des Marktes existieren und bei größer werdenden Märkten in der Praxis sogar abnehmen. (Autorenreferat) The deferred acceptance procedure introduced by Gale and Shapley in their article College Admissions and the Stability of Marriage (1962) led to a huge and still growing discussion in the literature on two-sided matching markets. The algorithm didn't only become important in theory but is also often used in practice by policymakers to confront market failure. This paper explains the deferred acceptance procedure in detail and presents a survey on the resulting manipulability on twosided matching markets, e.g., within the marriage and college admissions problem. The incentives to manipulate are categorized in four groups of manipulations - manipulation via preferences, via pre-arranged matches, via endowments and via capacities - and are then compared for both problems. It is shown that there exists no stable matching procedure that is strategy-proof for all agents. But in practice many incentives to manipulate only apply to one side of the market and decrease with the size of the market. (author's abstract)
- Published
- 2011
26. German-Speaking Émigré Neuroscientists in North America after 1933: Critical Reflections on Emigration-Induced Scientific Change
- Author
-
Stahnisch, Frank W.
- Subjects
forced-migration ,Canada ,neuroscientists ,lcsh:History (General) and history of Europe ,lcsh:D ,scientific change ,USA - Abstract
This paper endeavors to document and analyze the impact of forced-migration of German-speaking neuroscientists to Canada and the United States during the National-Socialist era, while specifically focusing on concepts and scientific applications of interdisciplinarity in 20th century neuroscientific research. The objectives of this paper are firstly, to describe the general research topic; secondly, to introduce a new model for the historiography and social studies of forced-migration in the neurosciences and thirdly, to explore, in a preliminary way, the impact that particular Central- European émigré-researchers had on this emerging postwar biomedical field in North America., Austrian Journal of Historical Studies, Bd. 21 Nr. 3 (2010): Vertriebene Wissenschaft
- Published
- 2010
27. And We Are Still Walking … When a Protest Walk Becomes a Step Towards Research on the Move
- Author
-
Racine, Guylaine, Truchon, Karoline, and Hage, Merdad
- Subjects
empirical social research ,civic engagement ,soziale Bewegung ,Nordamerika ,Einwanderung ,Protestbewegung ,documentation ,Forschungsarten der Sozialforschung ,qualitative empirical ,Immigranten ohne Bleiberecht ,Anerkennung ,ziviles Engagement ,protest walk ,non-status immigrants ,recognition ,Canada ,marcha de protesta ,inmigrantes irregulares ,reconocimiento ,compromiso cívico ,Canadá ,Dokumentarfilm ,Dokumentation ,Bild ,Legalisierung ,lcsh:Social sciences (General) ,illegitimacy ,Political science ,Migration ,Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie ,empirisch ,Protest ,Text ,Research Design ,legalization ,ddc:300 ,lcsh:H1-99 ,immigration ,Illegalität ,Politikwissenschaft ,empirisch-qualitativ ,Migration, Sociology of Migration ,Political Process, Elections, Political Sociology, Political Culture ,Social sciences, sociology, anthropology ,empirische Sozialforschung ,research project ,politische Willensbildung, politische Soziologie, politische Kultur ,anwendungsorientiert ,protest movement ,social movement ,documentary film ,Kanada ,applied research ,ddc:320 ,North America ,Forschungsprojekt ,picture ,empirical - Abstract
Im Juni 2005 begaben wir uns mit ca. hundert anderen Teilnehmenden auf den No One Is Illegal March on Ottawa. Dieser 200-Kilometer-Protestmarsch wurde von Solidarity Across Borders und von kanadischen Immigrant/innen ohne Bleiberecht organisiert. In diesem Beitrag wird die Geschichte des Marsches und der Teilnehmer und Teilnehmerinnen dieses einwöchigen Events erzählt, das Teil einer Bewegung für die Anerkennung der Rechte von Menschen war, die nach Kanada immigrieren. Unser Wunsch, hiervon zu berichten, rührt aus unserem mehrfachen Engagement in dieser und für diese Bewegung. Wir versuchen dabei zum einen einige Verbindungen zwischen zwei Erzählungen zu knüpfen: die eine hat mit dem konkreten Marsch zu tun, die andere mit einem Dokumentarfilm über den Marsch und einem hieran anschließenden Forschungsprojekt. Zum anderen nutzen wir die Gelegenheit, mit einem Stil des Schreibens und Publizierens zu experimentieren, der uns ermöglicht, Text- und Bildmaterial zu verwenden, um Stimmen an die Öffentlichkeit zu verhelfen – die von Immigranten und Immigrantinnen ohne Bleiberecht – die sonst nur sehr selten Gehör finden. Indem wir dies tun, wollen wir nicht nur unsere Arbeit vorstellen, sondern auch die Menschen, die sich an dem Marsch beteiligt haben und deren Denken und Handeln uns inspiriert hat., In June 2005, we joined about one hundred other participants in the No One Is Illegal March on Ottawa. This 200-kilometer march was organized by Solidarity Across Borders and non-status immigrants living in Canada. This paper tells the story of this march and of the people who participated in the week-long event, which was part of a movement to defend the rights of non-status immigrants in Canada. Our desire to tell this story stems from the fact that we are still actively participating in this march in many different ways. We would like to trace some of the connections between what is really two stories: one that relates the actual march, and another that describes a documentary we made and a research project we are conducting on the march. Finally, this paper gives us an opportunity to experiment with a style of writing and publication that allows us to use both images and text in order to bring seldom-heard voices—those of non-status immigrants—into the public sphere. In so doing, we wish to present not only some of our work, but also some of the people who were involved in the march and whose thoughts and actions inspired our work., En junio de 2005 participamos junto con otros cien participantes en el acto Ninguna marcha es ilegal en Ottawa. Esos 200 kilómetros de marcha fueron organizados por Solidaridad entre fronteras y por inmigrantes irregulares residentes en Canadá. El artículo cuenta la historia de esa marcha y de las personas que participaron en ella a lo largo de la semana, que forman parte de un movimiento en defensa de los derechos de los inmigrantes irregulares en Canadá. El deseo de contar esta historia procede de nuestra participación activa en la marcha de diversas formas. Nos gustaría mostrar algunas de las conexiones entre lo que son en realidad dos historias: una que relata la marcha tal y como fue, y otra que describe un documental y un proyecto de investigación que estamos realizando sobre la marcha. Finalmente, este artículo nos ofrece la oportunidad de experimentar con un estilo de escritura y publicación que hace uso de imágenes y texto para ofrecer las voces de los inmigrantes irregulares, raras veces escuchadas en la esfera pública. Con ello nos gustaría presentar no solo una parte de nuestro trabajo, sino también algo de la gente implicada en la marcha, sus pensamientos y las acciones que lo inspiraron.
- Published
- 2008
28. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ACCESS TO PATENTED HIV/AIDS PHARMACEUTICAL MEDICINES THROUGH THE CANADIAN AND EU TRIPS FLEXIBILITIES MEASURES: ARE THEY EFFICACIOUS OR OVERLY BURDENSOME AND INEFFECTIVE MEASURES?
- Author
-
Omphemetse S Sibanda
- Subjects
HIV/AIDS ,pharaceuticals ,patents TRIPS ,Canada ,EU ,Law in general. Comparative and uniform law. Jurisprudence ,K1-7720 - Abstract
This paper evaluates the Canadian and the European Union's (EU) implementation of the World Trade Organisation (WTO) General Council Decision of 2003, which resolved that developed nations could export patented pharmaceutical drugs to member states in order to address public health challenges such as Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS), tuberculosis, malaria and other epidemics, such states including Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The author makes a primarily textual appraisal of how and to what extent the Canada Access to Medicine Regime (CAMR) and European Union (EU) Regulations benefit, for instance, SSA countries in the WTO in their quest to make essential medicine more accessible. The author argues that although there are identifiable complexities inherent in the Canadian and the EU's access to pharmaceutical product regimes, there are far more important incentives and benefits that can be reaped in taking advantage of the respective systems. The author recommends that countries facing public health crises/emergencies, such as SSA countries, and non-governmental organisations (NGOs) take advantage of the regulatory flexibilities of Canada and the EU in their efforts to provide their communities with essential HIV/AIDS treatment, and treatment for other diseases such as malaria. The author dismisses the arguments against TRIPS (Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property) flexibilities-inspired legislation and similar measures as mostly mere rhetoric and hair-splitting, because they sometimes unwarrantedly dismiss a workable solution to public-health problems.
- Published
- 2012
29. Learning losses and educational inequality due to school closures during the Covid-19 pandemic in spring 2020. An overview of current findings
- Author
-
Helm, Christoph, Huber, Stephan Gerhard, and Postlbauer, Alexandra
- Subjects
School ,Correspondence studies ,Canada ,Socioeconomic influences ,Erziehung, Schul- und Bildungswesen ,Ungleichheit ,Cross-national comparison ,Benachteiligung ,Großbritannien ,Schulpädagogik ,Fernunterricht ,School closing ,Education ,Bildungssoziologie ,ddc:370 ,Belgium ,Literaturbericht ,Germany ,Schweiz ,Brasilien ,Österreich ,Deutschland ,Niederlande ,Disadvantage ,Internationaler Vergleich ,Sozioökonomischer Faktor ,USA ,International comparison ,Literary review ,Schule ,Belgien ,Research of academic literature ,Lerndefizit ,Pandemie ,Schülerleistung ,Studie ,Australien ,Australia ,COVID-19 ,United Kingdom ,Student achievement ,Kanada ,Distance study ,Austria ,Schulschließung ,Switzerland ,Brazil ,Pupil achievement - Abstract
Dieser Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über international bestehende Leistungsstudien, die die Frage nach Lerneinbußen und neuer Bildungsungleichheit aufgrund der pandemiebedingten Schulschließungen im Frühjahr 2020 beantworten. Auf Basis von drei kürzlich erschienenen Reviews und eigenen Recherchen konnten 32 Leistungsstudien identifiziert werden. Nimmt man die in diesen Studien berichteten Befunde zusammen, so kann festgehalten werden, dass die bestehende Datenlage die vielfach erwarteten Lerneinbußen und die erwartete Bildungsbenachteiligung von Schüler*innen aus sozioökonomisch schlechter gestellten Familien mehrheitlich bestätigt. Demgegenüber steht allerdings eine substanzielle Zahl von Studien, die keine Lerneinbußen und keine zusätzliche Bildungsbenachteiligung durch Schulschließungen im Frühjahr 2020 beobachten können. Diese Studien stammen insbesondere aus dem DACH-Raum. Auch zeigt sich die Tendenz, dass in höheren Schulstufen und in der Domäne Lesen verstärkte sozioökonomische Benachteiligung aufgrund von Schulschließungen weniger wahrscheinlich ist als im Primarstufenbereich und in der Domäne Mathematik. (DIPF/Orig.) This paper provides an overview of international studies on student achievement addressing the question of learning losses and increased educational inequalities due to Covid-19-related school closures in spring 2020. Based on a comprehensive literature search and considering three current reviews, we identified 32 studies on student learning losses during the first period of school closures. The findings reported in these studies indicate that most of the data available so far confirm the frequent assumption that Covid-19-related school closures lead to significant learning losses and to additional educational inequality, i. e. students from socially disadvantaged families suffered from greater learning losses. In contrast, however, there is a significant number of studies that failed to prove any learning losses or any additional educational disadvantage due to Covid-19-related school closures in spring 2020. Interestingly, these studies are predominantly from German-speaking countries. Finally, the studies indicate a tendency for increased socio-economic effects due to school closures being less likely at higher school levels and in the domain of reading than at primary school level and in the domain of mathematics. (DIPF/Orig.)
- Published
- 2021
30. Lerneinbu��en und Bildungsbenachteiligung durch Schulschlie��ungen w��hrend der Covid-19-Pandemie im Fr��hjahr 2020. Eine ��bersicht zur aktuellen Befundlage
- Author
-
Helm, Christoph, Huber, Stephan Gerhard, and Postlbauer, Alexandra
- Subjects
Gro��britannien ,School ,��sterreich ,Correspondence studies ,Canada ,Socioeconomic influences ,Ungleichheit ,Cross-national comparison ,Benachteiligung ,Fernunterricht ,School closing ,Belgium ,Literaturbericht ,Germany ,Schweiz ,Brasilien ,Deutschland ,Niederlande ,Disadvantage ,Internationaler Vergleich ,USA ,International comparison ,Sozio��konomischer Faktor ,Literary review ,Schule ,Belgien ,Research of academic literature ,Lerndefizit ,Pandemie ,Studie ,Australien ,Australia ,COVID-19 ,Schulschlie��ung ,United Kingdom ,Student achievement ,Kanada ,Distance study ,Austria ,Sch��lerleistung ,Switzerland ,Brazil ,Pupil achievement - Abstract
Dieser Beitrag gibt einen ��berblick ��ber international bestehende Leistungsstudien, die die Frage nach Lerneinbu��en und neuer Bildungsungleichheit aufgrund der pandemiebedingten Schulschlie��ungen im Fr��hjahr 2020 beantworten. Auf Basis von drei k��rzlich erschienenen Reviews und eigenen Recherchen konnten 32 Leistungsstudien identifiziert werden. Nimmt man die in diesen Studien berichteten Befunde zusammen, so kann festgehalten werden, dass die bestehende Datenlage die vielfach erwarteten Lerneinbu��en und die erwartete Bildungsbenachteiligung von Sch��ler*innen aus sozio��konomisch schlechter gestellten Familien mehrheitlich best��tigt. Demgegen��ber steht allerdings eine substanzielle Zahl von Studien, die keine Lerneinbu��en und keine zus��tzliche Bildungsbenachteiligung durch Schulschlie��ungen im Fr��hjahr 2020 beobachten k��nnen. Diese Studien stammen insbesondere aus dem DACH-Raum. Auch zeigt sich die Tendenz, dass in h��heren Schulstufen und in der Dom��ne Lesen verst��rkte sozio��konomische Benachteiligung aufgrund von Schulschlie��ungen weniger wahrscheinlich ist als im Primarstufenbereich und in der Dom��ne Mathematik. (DIPF/Orig.), This paper provides an overview of international studies on student achievement addressing the question of learning losses and increased educational inequalities due to Covid-19-related school closures in spring 2020. Based on a comprehensive literature search and considering three current reviews, we identified 32 studies on student learning losses during the first period of school closures. The findings reported in these studies indicate that most of the data available so far confirm the frequent assumption that Covid-19-related school closures lead to significant learning losses and to additional educational inequality, i. e. students from socially disadvantaged families suffered from greater learning losses. In contrast, however, there is a significant number of studies that failed to prove any learning losses or any additional educational disadvantage due to Covid-19-related school closures in spring 2020. Interestingly, these studies are predominantly from German-speaking countries. Finally, the studies indicate a tendency for increased socio-economic effects due to school closures being less likely at higher school levels and in the domain of reading than at primary school level and in the domain of mathematics. (DIPF/Orig.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Institutional Ethnography (IE), Nursing Work and Hospital Reform: IE's Cautionary Analysis
- Author
-
Janet Rankin and Marie Campbell
- Subjects
institutional ethnography ,nurses ,hospital restructuring ,nurses' work ,bed utilization ,health information technologies ,Canada ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
Hospitals in Canada have been subject to intensive reorganization in the past few decades as the public health care system absorbs and adapts to a neoliberal government agenda that promotes more "efficient and effective" use of public funds and increased involvement on the part of the private sector. A massive infusion of public money for health information technology and health services research has created the capacity to generate objectified knowledge and to use it to reform the health care system—both its organization and, increasingly, its therapeutics—with the promise of making it all work better. The research reported here is on the engagement of professional nurses in their everyday/night work in restructured hospitals and on how nursing practice is being reshaped in consequence. Our research approach, institutional ethnography, focuses on the social organization of health knowledge from the standpoint of those involved in and subordinated to its managerial uses, in this case, the nurses. We argue that a new form of ruling is being deployed. Nurses play an active part in the subordination of their own professional judgment to the objectified knowledge and knowledge-based practices that externalize decision making and reposition authoritative knowing. The paper describes and discusses the conduct of an institutional ethnographic inquiry (RANKIN & CAMPBELL, 2006) and illustrates some of its distinctive features using examples from our research. URN: urn:nbn:de:0114-fqs090287
- Published
- 2009
32. Alte Liebe rostet nicht. Warum die transatlantischen Beziehungen auch im 21. Jahrhundert noch von Bedeutung sind
- Author
-
Leibrecht, Harald
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Indikatorenentwicklung im Föderalstaat – governancetheoretisch fundierte Analysen im Rahmen der kanadischen Bildungsberichterstattung
- Author
-
Wittmann, Eveline
- Subjects
Canada ,Federalism ,Bildungssystem ,Educational policy ,Interdependence ,Steuerung ,Expertenbefragung ,Entwicklung ,Qualitative research ,Education system ,Interview ,Survey among experts ,Berichterstattung ,Bildungspolitik ,Bewältigung ,Indikator ,Education systems ,Qualitative Forschung ,Educational indicator ,Bildungsindikator ,Kanada ,Reporting ,Indicator ,Bildungsbericht ,Föderalismus ,Coping ,Content analysis ,Interdependenz ,Inhaltsanalyse - Abstract
Der nationalen Bildungsberichterstattung wird die Funktion einer rationalen Kontrolle von politischem Steuerungshandeln zugeschrieben. Allerdings ist die Bildungsberichterstattung selbst Gegenstand politischer Aushandlungsprozesse an der Schnittstelle von Wissenschaft und Politik. Diese können die Qualität der Indikatorenentwicklung beeinträchtigen. Empirisch von Interesse ist die Frage nach der Ausgestaltung der Interdependenz, den resultierenden Beschränkungen für die Indikatorenentwicklung und den Strategien der berichterstattenden Einrichtungen zur Bewältigung der Interdependenz. Vor allem im Föderalstaat ist mit aus governancetheoretischer Perspektive interessierenden Handlungsrestriktionen für die Bericht erstattenden Einrichtungen bei der Indikatorenformulierung zu rechnen. Der vorliegende Beitrag analysiert anhand governancetheoretischer Kriterien die kanadische Bildungsberichterstattung, da diese wie die deutsche Bildungsberichterstattung in einem föderalen Bildungssystem angesiedelt ist. Die kanadischen Erfahrungen ermöglichen Hinweise darauf, wie mit den Problemen der Interdependenz im Föderalstaat umgegangen werden kann. (DIPF/Orig.), One function attributed to national education reporting is to enable a rational control of government regulation. However, educational reporting itself is the subject of political negotiation processes at the interface between science and politics. These can affect the quality of the development of the indicators. Empirically the question is of interest of how interdependence is shaped, which limitations ensue for the development of indicators, and which strategies the reporting institutions apply to deal with interdependence. Particularly in federal states, it is to be expected that the reporting authorities will be affected by restrictions which matter from the perspective of governance theory. The present paper analyzes the Canadian education reporting on the basis of criteria from governance theory, since, like German education, it is located in a federal education system. The Canadian experience provides evidence of how to deal with the problems of interdependence in the federal state. (DIPF/Orig.)
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. The structure of zoocoenoses of Lepidoptera in bogs of Newfoundland (Canada, Province of Newfoundland and Labrador) and a comparison with the assemblages of Aapa-bogs in Finland
- Author
-
Thiele, Volker
- Subjects
Lepidoptera ,Finnland ,Canada ,Kanada ,Insecta ,bog ,Moor ,553.21 ,peatland ,Hochmoor ,FID-GEO-DE-7 ,mire - Abstract
Peat bogs of different types characterize the island of Newfoundland. In the summer of 2008 and 2009 butterflies were observed on the ombrotrophic plateau bogs of the West Coast and on the domed bogs of the National Park „Terra Nova“. In the presented paper the assemblages of butterflies are described and justified by the autecological complexes of species. In addition, the discovered assemblages were compared with these of semi-natural Finnish Aapa-Mires. These mires have similar habitat structures. It was found that more mire-adapted species occur in the bogs of Newfoundland than in Finland (8 species in Newfoundland, 5 species in Finland), but the assemblages consist of the same families (Pieridae, Lycaenidae, Nymphalidae). The preferred food plants of the caterpillars are often from the same botanical groups. The species prefer also similar habitats. Thus, there are clear parallels in the settlement of butterflies despite of the different species., Zusammenfassung: Neufundland wird von Mooren unterschiedlicher Typen geprägt. Vornehmlich auf den ombrotrophen Plateau-Mooren der Westküste und auf den Hochmooren des Nationalparkes „Terra Nova“ wurden im Sommer 2008 und 2009 die tagfliegenden Schmetterlinge erfasst. In der vorliegenden Publikation werden deren Vergesellschaftungen bezogen auf einzelne Habitateinheiten beschrieben und anhand der autökologischen Anspruchskomplexe der Arten begründet. Zudem wird ein Vergleich zu den Lepidopteren-Vergesellschaftungen naturnaher finnischer Aapa-Moore gezogen. Diese weisen ein ähnliches Habitatgefüge für die Lepidopteren auf. Es konnte festgestellt werden, dass in den beobachteten Mooren zwar mehr tyrphophile Arten vorkamen (8 Arten in Neufundland, 5 Arten in Finnland), aber die gleiche Familienstruktur vorhanden war (Pieridae, Lycaenidae, Nymphalidae). Die bevorzugten Fraßpflanzen der Raupen gehören häufig zu ähnlichen botanischen Gruppen. In beiden Regionen werden zudem von den Imagines adäquate Habitate bevorzugt. Trotz der unterschiedlichen Arten gibt es somit deutliche Parallelen in der Besiedlung., DFG, SUB Göttingen, DGMT, research
- Published
- 2011
35. [Authorization and reimbursement of orphan drugs in an international comparison]
- Author
-
K, Roll, T, Stargardt, and J, Schreyögg
- Subjects
Cross-Cultural Comparison ,Canada ,Drug Industry ,National Health Programs ,Orphan Drug Production ,Cost-Benefit Analysis ,Australia ,International Agencies ,Insurance, Pharmaceutical Services ,Insurance Coverage ,United States ,Rare Diseases ,Humans ,European Union ,Drug Approval - Abstract
This paper analyses schemes to promote the authorisation of and reimbursement for orphan drugs.8 countries - Australia, Canada, Germany, Great Britain, France, Netherlands, Switzerland, USA - were studied to compare specific regulations for orphan drugs regarding drug admission, health technology assessment (HTA), decision-making for reimbursement, and off-label and compassionate use. Information was obtained by reviewing published and grey literature. Expert interviews were also conducted.The comparison of orphan drug legislation reveals that the EU and the USA offer the greatest incentives for the development of orphan drugs, whereas there is a tendency for Australia and Switzerland to profit from incentives in other countries. Although not explicitly stated, economic evaluation of orphan drugs takes the special circumstances for orphan drugs into account. In addition to common reimbursement practices, special schemes or programmes for the reimbursement of high-priced orphan drugs exist in all countries that were analysed. Therefore access to orphan drugs seems to be warranted. However, due to co-payments of 5%, the USA may form an exception.On the one hand, the use of special criteria for drug admission, HTA, and reimbursement promotes RD for orphan drugs. On the other hand, high opportunity costs arise, because huge efforts are made for a minority of patients. A solution for this moral dilemma may be the application of "rule of rescue" or of "no cure, no pay" programmes.
- Published
- 2010
36. Institutional Ethnography (IE), Nursing Work and Hospital Reform: IE's Cautionary Analysis
- Author
-
Rankin, Janet and Campbell, Marie
- Subjects
knowledge ,Praxis ,Ethnologie, Kulturanthropologie, Ethnosoziologie ,decision making process ,Pflegepersonal ,Forschungsarten der Sozialforschung ,hospital ,lcsh:Social sciences (General) ,Pflege ,Privatisierung ,reform ,Professionalisierung ,Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie ,Krankenhaus ,Health Policy ,Ethnology, Cultural Anthropology, Ethnosociology ,health ,privatization ,Entscheidungsprozess ,practice ,Objektivität ,Research Design ,health information technologies ,ddc:300 ,Reformmodell ,lcsh:H1-99 ,Gesundheitspolitik ,objectivity ,bed utilization ,Canada ,nurses' work ,caregiving ,Gesundheitswesen ,institutional change ,nurses ,Wissen ,hospital restructuring ,success-failure ,professionalization ,nursing staff ,Social sciences, sociology, anthropology ,institutional ethnography ,institutionelle Ethnografie ,Gesundheitsreform ,Pflegearbeit ,Bettenbelegung ,Gesundheitsinformationsdienste ,etnografía institucional ,enfermeras ,la reestructuración del hospital ,el trabajo de la enfermera ,utilización de la cama ,tecnologías de la información en salud ,Canadá ,institutioneller Wandel ,Erfolg-Misserfolg ,anwendungsorientiert ,Gesundheit ,Kanada ,health care delivery system ,applied research ,reform model - Abstract
Hospitals in Canada have been subject to intensive reorganization in the past few decades as the public health care system absorbs and adapts to a neoliberal government agenda that promotes more "efficient and effective" use of public funds and increased involvement on the part of the private sector. A massive infusion of public money for health information technology and health services research has created the capacity to generate objectified knowledge and to use it to reform the health care system—both its organization and, increasingly, its therapeutics—with the promise of making it all work better. The research reported here is on the engagement of professional nurses in their everyday/night work in restructured hospitals and on how nursing practice is being reshaped in consequence. Our research approach, institutional ethnography, focuses on the social organization of health knowledge from the standpoint of those involved in and subordinated to its managerial uses, in this case, the nurses. We argue that a new form of ruling is being deployed. Nurses play an active part in the subordination of their own professional judgment to the objectified knowledge and knowledge-based practices that externalize decision making and reposition authoritative knowing. The paper describes and discusses the conduct of an institutional ethnographic inquiry (RANKIN & CAMPBELL, 2006) and illustrates some of its distinctive features using examples from our research. URN: urn:nbn:de:0114-fqs090287, Forum Qualitative Sozialforschung / Forum: Qualitative Social Research, Vol 10, No 2 (2009): Advances in Qualitative Research in Ibero America
- Published
- 2009
37. [A clinic for prevention of progression of kidney failure]
- Author
-
A, Brousseau
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Patient Care Team ,Canada ,Outpatient Clinics, Hospital ,Time Factors ,Adolescent ,Quebec ,Middle Aged ,Body Mass Index ,Primary Prevention ,Patient Education as Topic ,Renal Dialysis ,Hypertension ,Disease Progression ,Albuminuria ,Humans ,Kidney Failure, Chronic ,Female ,Smoking Cessation ,Exercise ,Peritoneal Dialysis ,Aged ,Follow-Up Studies ,Glomerular Filtration Rate - Abstract
Prevention in nephrology is only possible with the cooperation of patients and their families. The nurse plays a considerable role in working with patients and is a major player in the team, responsible for follow-up of the patient, where the earliest interventions can help delay and sometimes avoid dialysis. The hypertension clinic is the beginning of a continuum until dialysis. This paper describes three clinics that are managed in the renal service and indicates how they contribute to offering optimal care to a renal population.
- Published
- 2007
38. Die Öffentlichkeit schützen und den Berufsstand anleiten: Kompetenzerhaltung, Fortbildung und Rezertifizierung von Ärzten in Kanada
- Author
-
Klemperer, David and Wissenschaftszentrum Berlin für Sozialforschung gGmbH
- Subjects
medizinische Versorgung ,supply ,health occupations ,Canada ,Qualitätssicherung ,Berufsverband ,Economics ,competence ,Weiterbildung ,Selbstverwaltung ,Nordamerika ,statuary regulation ,quality assurance ,Leistung ,Informationspflicht ,ddc:330 ,obligation to furnish information ,Versorgung ,Berufsforschung, Berufssoziologie ,Social sciences, sociology, anthropology ,Occupational Research, Occupational Sociology ,Qualität ,Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie ,physician ,Facharzt ,anwendungsorientiert ,Health Policy ,medical specialist ,Arzt ,achievement ,Wirtschaft ,berufliche Weiterbildung ,advanced vocational education ,professional association ,Kanada ,quality ,Gesundheitsberuf ,applied research ,North America ,medical care ,ddc:300 ,Gesundheitspolitik ,gesetzliche Regelung ,self-administration ,further education ,Kompetenz - Abstract
"In seinem Gutachten 2000/2001 empfahl der Sachverständigenrat für die Konzertierte Aktion im Gesundheitswesen die Einführung einer 'Rezertifizierung von allen Ärzten nach angelsächsischem Vorbild'. Die Reaktion der Ärzteschaft war erwartungsgemäß ablehnend. Ungeachtet dessen beschlossen die Ländergesundheitsminister die Bildung einer Arbeitsgruppe 'Rezertifizierung von Ärzten', um möglicherweise Konsequenzen für die Gesetzgebung in Deutschland zu ziehen. Die Frage, was Rezertifizierung überhaupt bedeutet und welche Konzepte damit einhergehen, ist somit aktuell. In dieser Studie werden die hierzu in Kanada etablierten Strukturen und Konzepte dargestellt. Dort wurde der ärztlichen Selbstverwaltung von seiten der Öffentlichkeit und des Staates schon frühzeitig eine strenge Rechenschaftspflicht bezüglich der Qualität und der Sicherheit der Berufsausübung auferlegt. Daher ist die Entwicklung von Methoden zur zuverlässigen Erfassung und Verbesserung der ärztlichen Leistung in Kanada weit vorangeschritten. Der im Vordergrund stehende edukative Charakter des Ansatzes hat zu einer hohen Akzeptanz seitens der Ärzteschaft geführt. Ziel der Studie ist, die Diskussion um Fortbildung und Rezertifizierung in Deutschland zu versachlichen und auf die Kompetenzerhaltung und -verbesserung zu fokussieren." (Autorenreferat)
- Published
- 2002
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