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Copyright of Praehistorische Zeitschrift is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper refers to three hoards of metal objects. Recent one from Rosovice and two older (but originally incorrectly dated) from Lety near Dobfichovice and Benátky nad Jizerou in central Bohemia region. The analysis confirmed that all three hoards were buried during 3rd-4th century AD. The paper also includes the results of the archeometalurgical analysis of scythes found in Rosovice and description of making functional replicas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper is dedicated to the research of German names of the casters (Kannengießer, Rotgießer, Gießer, Buchstaben-/Schriftgießer, Rinckenmacher) and also their word-forms in Polish, Ukrainian and Byelorussian as a craftsman name and/or surname. The research on the etymology of German borrowings in the three Slavonic languages is analysed. On the basis of written recollection of German, Polish, Ukrainian and Byelorussian languages of the 14th - 18th centuries, it can be determined which German word-forms of the handicraft names were included into Slavonic languages and what their dialectal origins as well as ways and chronology of borrowings were. Phonetic, morphologic and graphic transformations are also analyzed, and the semantics of Polish rynkmacher and Ukrainian гисеръ/гисаръ is defined more precisely. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Praehistorische Zeitschrift is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Praehistorische Zeitschrift is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Based on the chronology and geography of inscriptions not taken into account until now this paper argues that the word brutes of the Latin inscriptions is not a borrowing from Gothic from the Lower Danube region, as it is generally assumed, but a loanword from Northwest-Germanic in the neighbourhood of Pannonia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

From 2015 to 2017, metal detector surveys took place on ten prehistoric fortifications in Lower Lusatia and the adjoining Elsterland, yielding diverse insights into the chronology, function and use of these sites. This paper focuses on the subsequent use of the fortifications during the early Middle Ages. The finds show that several ringforts were used again from the 10th to the 12th century, partly as open settlements, but also as fortifications. Some of these had central administrative and economic functions. In particular, the new finds support the hypothesis that the long-sought stronghold Sciciani, which the chronicler Thietmar of Merseburg mentions as the seat and fortification of the Polish ruler Bolesław Chrobry, is connected to one of these re-used fortifications: the Schlossberg of Burg im Spreewald. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Medieval Latin, the adjective armelinus, -na and the noun armelinus are attested in notarial documents and other texts from different regions of Western Europe, in a wide chronology. At first glance, both the name and the adjective are related to the classical Latin demonym Armenius, but this etymon does not explain several aspects of its form and function. The present paper reviews all the etymological hypotheses suggested so far and arrives at the proposal that armelinus could be the result of the adaptation of the Andalusian Arabic armaní ~ arminí 'Armenian (tissue)', after converging semantically with armini ~ ermini, derived from the Latin armenius '(skin of the) Mustela ermine'. The authors suggest that both terms - adjective and noun - could arise in the territories corresponding to the linguistic domain of Catalan and that they passed from there to Italy and the rest of Western Europe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ball brooches make a difficult research theme in Denmark. This is mainly because very few of the hitherto published specimens were found in a context or under circumstances that help to shed light on their chronology. The most recently published study is a very brief paper by Jesper Laursen on the chronology and typology of ball brooches (Laursen 1984). Laursen’s paper was published at a time when hobby metal detecting was only at its early stages in Denmark. Therefore, this hobby had not yet had its impact on the material. Metal detecting favors objects with much metal and since cultivated soil contains a lot of iron waste most hobby detectorists tend to screen for iron. Consequently, objects of bronze, silver and gold will have a tendency to dominate the finds brought in by these people, and especially massive objects.

Copyright of Praehistorische Zeitschrift is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Praehistorische Zeitschrift is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper on the absolute chronology of the Early Bronze Age in Central Europe is based on the available dates that have to be critically examined, with all the risks and limitations arising from their acquisition and evaluation. The different beginning of the Early Bronze Age in the Carpathian Basin (except for Slovakia) and in the Balkans does not find support either at the social, economic or super-structural level, or in the new finds of tin-bronze artefacts. The attempts to create a fine absolute chronology based on graves with various types of pins are tentative and point to the limitations of present-day dating methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article continues the series of publications devoted to the problems of changing cultures in the Kama region at the turn of the early Iron Age and the early Middle Ages. Important in dating these processes are the types of imported brooches. The paper considers the finds of brooches of the Almgren-204 group — with a button at the end of the catch. In total, 10 specimens of such fasteners were found in the Kama region, only in two points – opposite the mouth of the Ik River (Nyrgynda) and in the middle reaches of the Ik River (Sasykul’). In Sarmatian monuments, these types are represented almost exclusively at the mouth of the Don River, and are extremely rare in other areas. A slightly higher concentration is observed in the upper Don region. Another significant problem is the circumstances of the arrival of certain categories of finds in the Kama region. Taking into account the peculiarities of the distribution of fibulae of the Almgren-204 group, their arrival from the «Sarmatians» is hardly possible. Recently, a number of works have appeared that make it possible to trace the chain of «Western» contacts in the I-II (possibly at the beginning of the III) centuries between the Kama region, Sura region (Andreevka-Piseraly monuments), the middle Oka region (monuments of the Upa-2 type), and beyond to north, west and south. The concept was called «the war of the 1st century», although the chronology of events itself is much wider. The considered fibulae with a button at the end of the catch may be one of the markers of these processes.

Copyright of Praehistorische Zeitschrift is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Vârghiș Gorges karst system (Perșani Mountains, Eastern Carpathians) constituted a point of interest for speleologists, paleontologists and archaeologists since the second half of the 19th century. Their efforts succeeded in highlighting the notable archaeological potential of the area, although the actual research results were not always thoroughly reported. Since 2014, our team reunited specialists from 10 different institutions and various fields of research and initiated archaeological excavations, coupled with achaeozoological, sedimentological and chronometric investigations, in several caves within the Vârghiș Gorges. As the paper below will show, although the results obtained so far are definitively informative, further investigation are clearly needed, in order to accurately clarify aspects pertaining to the intricate cultural and chronological framework.

In 2015– 2017 the Prut-Dniester expedition from the Institute for the History of Material Culture of the Russian Academy of Sciences carried out field research at a number of Paleolithic localities in the middle reaches of the Prut and Dniester in the north-west of Moldova. This paper presents the results of new research at the Middle Paleolithic open air site of Teţcani X and the cave site of Buzdujeni I. The cultural layer of Teţcani X yielded a representative collection of flint artifacts. The flaking technology is oriented on the production of points, which were struck from unifacial single platform cores. The tool set is typical of Mousterian, no bifaces are present. The cave of Buzdujeni I was nearly completely excavated by N. A. Chetraru in the 1970’ s, but remained largely unpublished. The re-analysis of the old collection together with the materials obtained by us in 2017 challenges the once popular idea that the industry of Buzdujeni I belongs to Denticulate Mousterian, highlighting instead its Micoquian affinities such as presence of various bifacial tools. The available biostratigraphic and radiometric data, including newly obtained radiocarbon dates, appears to suggest that both sites can be broadly dated to the first half of MIS-3 or to MIS-4, with Teţcani X being probably somewhat older than Buzdujeni I

La investigación del Paleolítico superior en el interior peninsular se ha ido intensificando en los últimos años, aunque es un proceso lento. A los yacimientos ya conocidos, como Estebanvela, Buendía o Verdelpino se han ido uniendo nuevos descubrimientos, contribuyendo a apartar definitivamente el panorama de un aparente despoblamiento, algo que ya no es posible mantener al menos a partir del UMG. En este trabajo presentamos el reciente hallazgo y excavación de un yacimiento magdaleniense en Segovia, en el pie de monte sur del Sistema Central. Se trata de un hallazgo de relevancia, que contribuye a plantear nuevas vías de investigación sobre el poblamiento a finales del Paleolítico superior en las zonas interiores de la península, y sus relaciones con el Cantábrico y la zona levantina. ABSTRACT: Upper Palaeolithic research in the interior of Iberia is being intensifying in recent years, although it is a slow process. New discoveries were added to the already known sites such as Estebanvela, Buendía o Verdelpino. This definitively contributed to removing the apparent depopulation panorama of this area at least from the LGM. This paper is focused on the recent discovery and excavation of a Magdalenian site in Segovia, in the southern foothills of the Central System. This is a relevant finding, which contributes to considering new research paths on settlement areas in interior areas of the Peninsula at the end of the Upper Palaeolithic, and its relationships with the Cantabrian and Levantine areas. Peña de Santana archaeological site was discovered in 2014 and only one excavation campaign was carried out to date, in 2020. The site is located on the right bank of the Eresma River, as it passes through the city of Segovia. From a geomorphological point of view, the site is located in a flat area at eh base of a Cretaceous dolomite escarpment of the fluviokarstic canyon formed by the vertical embedding and lateral movement of the Eresma River throughout the Quaternary as it crosses the Mesozoic fringe of the northern foothills of the Central Sierra de Guadarrama. The technotypological characterization and datings in the Peña de Santana lead us to an unquestionably Magdalenian context, located in the middle phase of this chronostratigraphic period, which is located in the final stages of the LGM, specifically between the end of the GS-2.1b and the beginning of the GS-2.1a. Both this site and the Peña de Estebanvela show enough evidence to link these occupations with the Cantabrian-Pyrenean area, much more likely than with the Mediterranean area. Data presented corresponds mainly to level 3, where the fauna shows a very high degree of fragmentation, as a result of the high anthropization of the collection. Faunal remains are dominated by horses, followed by small bovids and red deer. Lithic industry of this level is dominated by lamellar schemes, both for obtaining blades and small blades. There are also many scrapers (small blade end scrapers), burins (mostly dihedral), and backed bladelets.

En este trabajo se presenta la secuencia de dataciones absolutas procedentes del oppidum de Monte Ornedo (Valdeolea, Cantabria) así como las características constructivas de las distintas estructuras defensivas. Gracias a ello ha sido posible conocer y fijar sus distintas adscripciones cronoculturales, permitiéndonos conocer su evolución desde la Segunda Edad del Hierro hasta la etapa imperial romana. ABSTRACT: In this paper we present the sequence of the absolute dating from the oppidum of Monte Ornedo (Valdeolea, Cantabria. Spain) and a study of its defensive architecture. Thanks to this, it has been possible to document two different occupation in the site. The first occupation was dated in the Second Iron Age, at which time the oppidum, defended by a stone wall, occupied the entire mount. At the end of 1st century B.C. the oppidum was destroyed by the Roman Army. As was usual in this process of conquest, on the top of Santa Marina was built a castellum, with an agger and a moat. The Iron Age peoble settled in the valley, creating a population center that could be identified with Iuliobriga.

Copyright of Jahrbuch des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts is the property of Reichert Verlag and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of SWS - Rundschau is the property of Verein fur interdisziplinare sozialwissenschaftliche Studien und Analysen and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study aims to publish the results of the archaeological excavations carried out in 2012 in the Neoeneolithic site from Boldeşti-Scăieni, Seciu neighbourhood (Prahova County). The surface excavated in 2012 was small, comprised of two sections. Extensive research was performed at the site in 2009 ; the results were published in a monography and in several studies. Archaeological artefacts specific to the Starčevo-Criş culture, especially ceramics, but also an inhumation burial of a child were unearthed in 2012. Archaeozoological material was also found. An Eneolithic dwelling attributed to the Stoicani-Aldeni cultural aspect was found above the Early Neolithic habitation layer. Two radiocarbon dates were obtained from samples taken from the Neolithic layer. They are presented and analised in this paper in the broader context of the evolution of the Starčevo-Criş culture at the Lower Danube.

In this paper a typological and chronological framework of the evolution of open forms of the Phoenician table pottery is outlined, starting from the Iron Age documentation of the Syro-Palestinian coast (11th-6th centuries BC) up to the colonial elaborations of the Iberian Peninsula (9th-6th centuries BC). The definition of the chrono-typological horizons identified in both areas is combined with an analysis of the issues affecting the absolute chronology of the Iron Age in the Mediterranean basin. The focus is on the early stages of the Phoenician presence in West, given the increasing number of archaic evidences emerged notably at Huelva and Cádiz. The analysis is also carried out through the comparison with other archaic contexts recently come to light, for example, at Utica and Carthage.

In this paper one fibula from the cult place at Monte di Medea near Gorizia/Gorica in Friuli will be presented, which is the sole entirely preserved example from this site. It belongs to variant VIId of the Certosa fibulae, but it has an uncommon two-part construction, which was a motive for this detailed discussion. Previous knowledge about this particular variant of the Certosa fibulae is supplemented with description of the typological differences between the d, e and f variants of type VII – which are often improperly distinguished from one another in published treatises – and with examples of the VIId variant published after the year 1976, in order to update the area of its distribution. Its chronology is also discussed, as well as two-part construction of Certosa fibulae, as new phenomenon.

The following paper will discuss the problems of Eneolithic settlements of Baden and Kostolac culture at Vinča near Belgrade. Eneolithic horizons from Vinča site were scarcely published owing to the fact that both Baden and Kostolac layers are not well stratified because of heavy medieval devastations. In spite of all post-depositional destructions Eneolithic settlements at Vinča show enormous significance for understanding the life of the period, both on the micro and macro-regional scale. At the same time, this work is a sort of an insight into the results of ongoing analysis of material culture and socio-economic patterns of Eneolithic period settlements in Belgrade and its vicinity.

The aim of this paper is to contribute to the understanding of the changes in plant cover after the recent glacier retreat, in an alpine environment. The selected study site in Savoie in the French Alps (2502-2509m asl), belonging to the European network Natura 2000, provides favourable conditions for the study due to the flat glacier foreland, where the glacier did not advance since the Little Ice Age. Data collected from 110 botanical plots were correlated with dated glacial and proglacial landforms. Species diversity has been analysed using the Shannon-Weaver index, the Grime classification, and the uncommon species described in the European list of Natura 2000 European Network. Classical and multivariate analyses have been made to determine the impact of the glacial retreat on the biodiversity variation. We show that the changes in species richness and vegetation cover were related to the distance from the glacier front. The biodiversity index was less than 2.5 near the glacier but above 4 at the furthest point. The highest plant diversity, however, was observed at an intermediate position, where competitive and pioneer plants were equally represented in the field. This location, concurrently, showed the highest heterogeneity in the activity of periglacial processes. It seems that the most heterogeneous and disturbed soils, due to inherited deposits and currently active periglacial processes, are responsible for an increase in biodiversity.

The "1956 Institute" deals with research regarding Hungarian history since the Second World War with an emphasis on the 1956 Hungarian Revolution and its development, subsequent effects and international aspects. Since its foundation in 1990, the institute has been amassing databases containing the documents gathered and used in the researches or descriptions of these documents. After briefly introducing the "1956 Institute", the paper will focus on the following problems in the process of data compilation and provision: Databases at the "1956 Institute: oral history interviews, trial records and the photographic database; Establishment of a new multimedia database; The problem of sharing individually possessed information, and of disposal and control over information; Compiling digital publications. URN: urn:nbn:de:0114-fqs0003135