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Switzerland has missed the opportunity for cardiovascular prevention. In the last 100 years, non-communicable diseases, especially cardiovascular diseases, have become the leading cause of death. Despite advancements in treatment, cardiovascular diseases still account for every third death. However, there is insufficient implementation of preventive measures at the national and cantonal levels. One category with great potential for improvement is physical inactivity, which is considered one of the most important risk factors for heart disease. On the other hand, physical activity reduces the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Optimal control of cardiovascular risk factors could save 9.3 billion CHF per year and prevent approximately 233,000 DALYs. Therefore, a national strategy for optimal control of cardiovascular risk factors is recommended. [Extracted from the article]

In sub-Saharan Africa, the burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) remains under appreciated, but emerging evidence suggests it to be substantial. NCDs such as arterial hypertension, heart diseases, diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney diseases are especially relevant, and put additional strain on the already challenged health systems in this region. Moreover, NCDs appear to be associated with higher mortality and morbidity rates and are more common in younger population groups, in people from sub-Saharan Africa when compared to more developed countries. In this review, we summarize the current literature on the burden of NCDs in sub-Saharan Africa, and highlight the clinical implications of the most relevant etiologies, i.e. arterial hypertension, heart diseases, diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When we speak about «medicine in the tropics» it is malaria epidemics, diarrheal diseases and worm infections that come to mind. A lesser-known fact is the impact of the new epidemic of non-communicable diseases, which are currently responsible for about half of all deaths occurring in the tropical world regions. Changing demographic, social and economic factors are the drivers for diseases such as hypertension, diabetes and obesity. The observed increase in non-communicable diseases coupled with the persistence of classic infectious tropical diseases creates a double medical burden and presents a great challenge in these low-resource settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Regular exercise reduces the risk of suffering from noncommunicable diseases such as cancer or diabetes. Within the framework of the National Strategy for the Prevention of Non-communicable Diseases, movement as a form of therapy is therefore to be anchored in health care in the future. Sports physicians have an important role as multipliers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article provides information on the 105th anniversary of law related to prevention and control of communicable diseases in Austria. It also states the other medical laws in Austria. Topics discussed include comparative law of Infection Protection in Austria, Obersten Sanitatsrat (OSR), vaccination and infectious diseases.