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Up to the Ur III period the verbal bases r̂e6/de6 „to provide“, „to bring“ or „to carry away“ und túm „to escort“, „to lead towards“ or „to lead away“ belonged to two separate lexemes with completely separate paradigms. While r̂e6/de6 can be combined with the marû base tùm into one paradigm, the regular marû base túm-mu must be assigned to túm, with only the plural base laḫ4/5 of this lexeme being formed irregularly (r a, ḫamṭu, with animals in the absolutive case in Presargonic Lagaš). In Old Babylonian times tùm and túm are not differentiated in this way any more which leads to a confusion of the paradigms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In a previous article it was argued that pastors suffer from cognitive dissonance because of the paradigm shift from modernity to postmodernity, and the emotional woundedness that frequently results from their struggles to come to terms with the new world in which they have to live and minister. This article reflects on the way in which two further issues may exacerbate emotional woundedness in pastors. The one is church tradition, as it is reflected in several formularies used during church services in the Nederduitsch Hervormde Kerk van Afrika (NHKA), as well as the Church Ordinance of the NHKA. The other issue is the way in which pastors view the Bible. The language and rhetoric used to reflect on these issues are discussed and evaluated. In its last paragraph the article reflects on the possibility of autobiographical pastorate as a way for pastors to achieve emotional wholeness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]