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Este artículo propone analizar las relaciones entre las ciudades francesas a partir de una aproximación multidimensional y multiescalar. Generalmente, estos vínculos son observados de manera segmentada, con énfasis en la elección de una dimensión de una realidad multiforme. Para una mejor comprensión de la diversidad de los canales de intercambio, consideramos simultáneamente varios tipos de interacciones interurbanas, abarcando movilidades individuales, vínculos entre establecimientos económicos y colaboraciones científicas, lo anterior gracias a una metodología de selección acumulativa de flujos. Estos métodos permiten, distinguir varias escalas de interdependencia constituyentes de dinámicas territoriales. Por una parte, se identifican veintiséis sistemas urbanos de proximidad, estableciéndose comparaciones entre estos a partir de sus formas de organización más o menos polarizados y según la naturaleza de los flujos sobre los cuales reposan. Por otra, se analizan los vínculos transversales entre polos urbanos regionales destacando tanto el alcance y variedad de las interacciones, como al modo de interconexión de los sistemas de proximidad a estas redes. Finalmente, las conexiones a París son analizadas en el contexto de sus vínculos especializados en estas relaciones y del tamaño de las ciudades que están implicadas.

This article explores the interactions between the French cities from a multi-dimensional and multi-scale approach. Most of the time, these relations are analyzed in a segmented way, focusing solely on one dimension among a multifaceted reality. To take into account the great diversity of exchanges, we simultaneously consider several types of inter-city links, reflecting individual mobility, economic relations and scientific partnerships, on which we apply flows selection methods and a scoring approach. These methods also allow distinguishing several interdependent scales of territorial dynamics: first, twenty six local urban systems are identified. Comparisons between these systems are conducted according to their more or less polarized organization and to the nature of the flows within these systems. On the other hand, the horizontal relations between regional urban centers are analyzed taking into account the range and diversity of interactions and also according to the way local and regional urban systems connect to each other. Finally, relations with Paris are highlighted depending on the specialization of these links and the size of the cities involved.

This article explores the interactions between the French cities from a multi-dimensional and multi-scale approach. Most of the time, these relations are analyzed in a segmented way, focusing solely on one dimension among a multifaceted reality. To take into account the great diversity of exchanges, we simultaneously consider several types of inter-city links, reflecting individual mobility, economic relations and scientific partnerships, on which we apply flows selection methods and a scoring approach. These methods also allow distinguishing several interdependent scales of territorial dynamics: first, twenty six local urban systems are identified. Comparisons between these systems are conducted according to their more or less polarized organization and to the nature of the flows within these systems. On the other hand, the horizontal relations between regional urban centers are analyzed taking into account the range and diversity of interactions and also according to the way local and regional urban systems connect to each other. Finally, relations with Paris are highlighted depending on the specialization of these links and the size of the cities involved.