1. Dual polarization beamforming algorithm for multipath mitigation in {GNSS}
- Author
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Josef A. Nossek, Matteo Sgammini, Felix Antreich, Friederike Fohlmeister, and Andreas Iliopoulos
- Subjects
020301 aerospace & aeronautics ,Spatial correlation ,Multipath mitigation ,Spatial filtering ,Covariance function ,Computer science ,Estimation theory ,Estimator ,020206 networking & telecommunications ,02 engineering and technology ,Delay spread ,Antenna array ,0203 mechanical engineering ,Control and Systems Engineering ,Signal Processing ,Computer Science::Networking and Internet Architecture ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Electronic engineering ,Rake receiver ,Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Software ,Multipath propagation ,Computer Science::Information Theory - Abstract
A multipath mitigation technique for GNSS is proposed.The technique exploites the change of polarization when a signal is reflected.A novel statistic based on the outputs of a correlator bank is introduced to estimate the multipath DoA and polarization.Applying the technique increases the estimation performance in the case of highly temporally or spatially correlated multipath and line-of-sight signal. This paper treats the problem of line-of-sight (LOS) parameter estimation in strong multipath environments. In the case of highly temporally and spatially correlated LOS and multipath signals, such as urban canyons, common multipath mitigation methods are highly degraded, as signal separation cannot be performed in the spatio temporal domain. In this case, we exploit the LOS and multipath polarization diversity to decouple the signals using an antenna array with right-hand-circular polarization (RHCP) and left-hand-circular polarization (LHCP) feeds. The multipath direction- of-arrival (DOA) and polarization coefficients can effectively be estimated from the LHCP spatial covariance matrix. The LOS DOA can be estimated from the RHCP spatial covariance matrix. The spatial covariance matrices are calculated from the outputs of a matched correlator bank. The DOA and polarization estimates are used to implement a dual polarization beamformer, which maximizes the LOS energy and suppresses multipath energy over both polarizations. The LOS time-delay is estimated from the beamformer output with a maximum-likelihood estimator with a significantly reduced number of parameters and computational complexity in comparison to a full model estimator. Simulation results for GPS show that the proposed dual polarization beamforming algorithm performs better than an equivalent single-polarization beamformer in a dense multipath environment.
- Published
- 2017