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Pressemitteilung Next Generation BiOactiVe NAnocoatings - NOVA Wissenschaftler:innen und Industrie schließen sich zusammen, um die nächste Generation antimikrobieller Beschichtungstechnologien für eine sicherere Umwelt zu entwickeln

Trakya ve Bulgaristan’ın Trakya sınırında toplu halde yaşayan, Bektaşi, Bedreddini ve Sünni olmak üzere üç kollu bir inanç sistemine sahip olan, benim de mensubu olduğum, iki ciltlik yayımlanmamış bir çalışmamın bulunduğu ve uzun yıllardan beri hakkında çeşitli araştırmalar yaptığım, Amucaların; tarihi, kültürel ögeleri ve inançları hakkında çok sayıda araştırma yapıldığını söylemek mümkün değildir. Amucalar ile ilgili olarak ulaşabildiğimiz ilk çalışma Vahit Lütfü Salcı’nın 1943 yılında Türk Amacı Dergisi’nin 7. sayısında yayımladığı “Trakya’da Türk Kabileleri” adlı makalesidir. Bu makalenin yanında günümüzde tarafımdan yapılan araştırmaların Amucalar literatüründe hacimli bir yer tuttuğunu söylemek yanlış olmayacaktır. Bu çalışmaların yanında, hazırlanması aşamalarında yardımcı olduğum, lisansüstü kapsamda yapılan birkaç monografik çalışmanın olduğunu da belirtmek gerekmektedir. Amucaların etnik kökeni, tarihi, yerleşim birimleri, inançları, ritüelleri, giysileri, meteorolojik inanmaları, halk hekimliği gibi inanç ve folklor bağlamındaki mirasları hakkında yapılan bu çalışma da Amucalar literatürüne katkı sağlayacaktır. Yazarın yüksek lisans tezinin gözden geçirilmiş hali olan “İnanç ve Gelenek, Trakya’da Amuca Folkloru” adlı eser, giriş bölümü haricinde “Amucaların İnanç Sistemi ve Ritüelleri” ve “Amucalarda Folklorik Hayat” adlı iki temel bölümden oluşmaktadır. Eserin giriş bölümünde Trakya’da bulunan Amucaların toplu olarak yaşadıkları 26 köy (Engin, 2014: 59) arasından örneklem olarak seçilen 15 köyün tarihçesi, demografik yapısı ve geçim kaynakları hakkında bilgiler verilmiştir. Yine giriş bölümünde Amucaların tarihi ve yurt içerisinde toplu ya da dağınık halde yaşadığı yerler hakkında da bilgiler bulmak mümkündür.

Koronavirüs (Covid-19) pandemisiyle beraber yaşanan kriz ortamında eğitimin devamlılığını sağlamak ve eğitimi sürdürülebilir kılmak adına [acil] uzaktan eğitim uygulamaya konulmuştur. Bu bağlamda araştırmanın amacı, yükseköğretim öğrencilerinin Covid-19 pandemisi sürecindeki uzaktan eğitim algılarını nitel olgubilim (fenomenoloji) yöntemi çerçevesinde metafor analizi ile incelemektir. Araştırmanın katılımcıları; yüksek lisans, lisans ve ön lisans seviyelerinde 82 üniversite öğrencisinden oluşmaktadır. Veri toplama sürecinde, araştırmacılar tarafından çevrimiçi bir form hazırlanarak katılımcılardan “Uzaktan eğitim ... gibidir. Çünkü ...” ifadesini tamamlamaları istenmiştir. İçerik analizi ile elde edilen bulgulara göre katılımcılar, 68 olumlu ve 81 olumsuz metafor üretmişlerdir. Olumlu metaforlardan “esneklik”, “kullanışlılık”, “öğrenci katılımı” ve “uygunluk” temaları; olumsuz metaforlardan ise “öğretim süreci”, “kullanışlılık”, “öğrenci durumu”, “ölçme değerlendirme” ve “acil uzaktan öğretim” temaları elde edilmiştir. Öğrenciler, uzaktan eğitim yoluyla öğrenme fırsatlarına erişmenin esneklik ve zaman-mekân bağlamında bağımsızlık sağladığını düşünmektedirler. Öte yandan öğrenciler uzaktan eğitimi, etkililiği düşük ve etkileşimi yetersiz olarak değerlendirmektedir. Öğrenciler pandemi bağlamında, uzaktan eğitimi okul öncesi dönemden doktora derecesine kadar eğitimin her kademesini etkileyen acil dönüşüm sürecinin bir parçası olarak algılamaktadırlar.

Mixed method paradigm, the combination of qualitative and qualitative approaches in a single study, has been gradually preferred by the researchers due to its richness and reliability. In this regard, systematic analysis of the studies using mixed method is important. Aim of this study is to reveal the distribution of mixed method researches published in education in Turkey last ten years. Publication year, name of journals, sampling type, rationale for the use of mixed method, emphasis of approaches (qualitative and quantitative) and their sequences, and emerging prominent research design were the factors that are sought through this study. Mixed method studies published in education between 2003-2012 were retrieved through national databases and a total number of 97 articles were examined. Following results were revealed after an extensive analysis of data: Most of the mixed method articles were published at Hacettepe University Journal of Education and Elementary Education Online Journal; studies were usually conducted with preservice teachers, elementary school teachers (1-5th grade), secondary school mathematics and geography education programs; most widely stated reason of using mixed method was triangulation; and most adopted research design was partially mixed concurrent equal status design. In conclusion, it is believed that findings of this research will contribute to the literature by means of having an idea about the nature of the studies using mixed method research in Turkey and reflections of this method into the national literature.

Mindfulness contributes individual mental health. In this respect, it is focus of interest in theories and research. Interpersonal mindfulness is a current and new area of the research in Turkey although there are loads of research on mindfulness. It can be said that interpersonal mindfulness is a new concept for Turkish literature. The current literature distinguishes mindfulness oriented in the individual's internal experiences from the mindfulness oriented in the individual's interpersonal experiences. Mindfulness is a way of focus the attention. This process includes components of mindfulness which are being in the present, awareness, acceptance, observation, non-judgment, non-reactivity, and describing. Being mindful of the individual in the interaction process is explained by the concept of interpersonal mindfulness. Interpersonal mindfulness includes listening attentively, awareness of emotions, accepting feelings and opinions without being judgmental, and responding to behaviors without acting instinctively while interacting with people. In this respect, the contribution of interpersonal mindfulness to the relations is seen as crucial. Interpersonal mindfulness has been examined in parent-child relationship, teacher-student relationship and spouses’ relationship. Besides, there are some research which have been examined general interpersonal mindfulness without focusing specific relationship area. Research has found that interpersonal mindfulness positively contributes to the interaction process. In this study, it is aimed to introduce the concept of interpersonal mindfulness, to understand the distinction from the internal mindfulness, and to explain the contribution of the interpersonal mindfulness to relationships. In addition, suggestions which interpersonal mindfulness can be used as an important variable for future studies in Turkey were presented.

This study focuses on the relation between the students’ perception of general cynism and college alienation. Relational screening model is chosen to conduct the study. Sample of the study covers 537 vocational school students from a state university. In order to determine the general cynism level of the students, General Cynism Scale developed by Wrightsman (1992) is used. College Alienation Survey developed by Burbach (1972) is also used to have an idea of the college alienation level of the students. Percentage, frequency, median, standard deviation, correlation analysis, basic and multi linear regression, for non-parametric tests independent t-test, and for independent samples one-way variance analysis (ANOVA) tests are used to calculate the gathered data. The findings are as follows: general cynism perception of students is found out to be medium-level with the majority of I Am Not Sure option. It is found out that students’ general cynism perception is not affected by gender, age, department, peers and relations with them while the finding is meaningful in terms of financial situation and interaction with lecturers. College alienation level is also found medium-level with the answer I Partially Agree. Sample group’s alienation perception does not differ meaningfully in terms of gender and age. However, difference is found in college alienation perception in terms of class, department, financial situation, interaction with classmates and lecturers. When it comes to the relation between the two; it is also turned out to be a positive correlation at intermediate level. General cynism perception of the students predicts the perception of college alienation meaningfully and positively.

The vowels whose articulation duration is longer than the regular time of a vowel’s pronunciation or equal to articulation duration of two vowels in the normal length are called long vowels. Likewise, vowels which were long vowel in the first known written source of a language and did not change as a result of phonetic events are called primary long vowels. Long vowels in Proto-Turkic Language were conserved in modern Turkish literary language such as Yakut Turkish, Turkmen Turkish and Khalaj Turkish systematically but existed in finite number of words in other written languages. The long vowels of Proto- Turkic Language were subjected to shortening in subsequent periods and during that period they left some phonotheque traces such as pre-palatalization epenthesis, vowel gemination, vocalization, consonantal reproduction, and consonantal elongation. The long vowels in Proto- Turkic Language are conserved systematically in Turkmen Turkish. The vowel length in Turkmen Turkish is shown as diphthong in Latin alphabet used from 1928 until 1940. The vowel length is not indicated in Cyrillic alphabet used after 1940. In this alphabet a part of the length is shown in the form of /iy/, /üy/ diphthong. In this essay, primary long vowels are determined in literary texts and dictionaries of Turkmen Turkish. A general assessment is made in conclusion and primary long vowels are shown in a table. In this table, forms of primary long vowels in Proto- Turkic Language are shown comparatively with the forms in Turkmen Turkish, Azerbaijan Turkish and Turkmen Turkish. Phonotheque traces of length in Turkish and Azerbaijani language are indicated in the table.

The selection of students for Music Education Program is done with a special aptitude test. Although rarely seen in different kinds of applications, often these examinations consist of two dimensions : Musical Perception and Musical Performance (Musical Playing and Singing). In these exams, as well as ÖYSP-SP, the Student Selection and Placement Center (ÖSYMin Turkish) made by the Transition to Higher Education Examination (YGS) and also the secondary education achievement points calculated according to the state in different formats are assesed. ) It is multiplied again for the candidates from the field with a different value of the OBP (0.03) according to the candidates studying their field and off the field after being multiplied one time with the same values (0.11 ). In the final stage; OBP, YGS and ÖYSP–SP added to each other and YP is calculated. OBP candidate's level of academic achievement in secondary education in terms of reflecting a significant extent , besides being quite a special aptitude test is a factor in the success. In this regard, it should be explored as a significant topic in terms of the determination of relation levels OBP and field scores, field types, gender,age. The study group of this research is the candidates who take the Music Teacher Program Special Ability Test of İnönü University Faculty of Education in the education and teaching year of 2013-2014 (N = 449).The scores obtained from the database İnönü University, Faculty of Education were analyzed to SPSS 17.0 software package. Parametric statistical techniques were used because there was no extreme deviations from normality in the data to be determined. Some relationships were visualized being used scatter graphs. In OBP significantly associated with winning conditions , OBP of winning candidate was found to be significantly higher than the other candidates. CFP of A large part of the winning candidate (n = 25) was concluded that in the range of 350-449 points. Weak points of each field type with OBP level and significant positive relationships were found. The highest and most significant relationship between OBP and YP is middle level and positive. OBP has showed significant differences according to gender, age, state of the field and the OBP points of girls candidates and the field candidates have been found to have higher. In addition, it has been concluded that OBP of candidates aged 17-20 and 25 years later is significantly higher than 21-24 age group.

For many years, studies related to teaching and learning conceptions have been conducted. It is accepted that traditional and constructivist teaching-learning conceptions are contrary to each other. When these studies are examined, it is seen that while traditional approach is teacher-centered, contructivist approach is student-centered. This research is a descriptive study aiming at revealing the present situation, as well. In the research, primary school teachers’ teaching-learning conceptions were evaluated with regards to gender, seniority, and higher education institute which teachers graduated. It was conducted with 325 primary school teachers working in İzmir, Bornova District, and in the year of 2013-2014. The data were gathered with a part of “Teaching and Learning Conceptions Questionnaire” developed by Chan and Elliot (2004). The used part of the questionnaire was adapted in Turkish by Aypay (2011). For the data analysis, t-test and ANOVA statatistical methods were applied. According to the results of the study, it is stated that primary school teachers’ preferred constructivist approach to traditional approach and teaching-learning conceptions did not differentiate in terms of gender, seniority, and higher education institute which teachers graduated, significantly. This research was conducted with quantitative data gathering tools. In the future studies, qualitative data gathering tools can be used, too. Teaching profession is a speciality field required persistent development so the importance of emphasis on teaching and learning conceptions emerges. For teachers’ having the equipment necessities of the time, they should be educated with the subject of teaching-learning conceptions and technology for effective using of these conceptions via in-service training.

The individual have to be prepared psychologically for removing the negative behaviors that may arise in the business life, for acquiring new behaviors and for increasing the performance related to work. In this context, social support takes place in the psychological environment of the individual and is extremely important for his performance. Some studies show that there are significant changes in performance of an individual depending on whether or not the individual has a sufficient social support from the environment. Social support can be defined as the social and psychological support obtained from the environment (family, friend, special person) of the individual. Individual performance is defined as the degree to which employees reach their objectives as a result of the efforts they undertake to achieve the specified goals and the actions they demonstrate, the degree to what extent the individual achieves the specified goals and standards, and the effectiveness of the individual in performing his duties and responsibilities. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between the levels of percived social support and perceived performance of employees in the police force. The sample of the research consists of 369 employees working in Police Department in Tokat Province. Multidimensional Perceived Social Support Scale and Perceived Performance Scale were used in the research. In evaluating the data, factor, reliability, correlation and regression analysis were utilized. According to the findings, it was found that perceived social support levels of employees have a positive and significant effect on their perceived performances. Based on these findings, with its subdimensions (family, friend, special person) the positive and significant effect of social support on perceived performance of employees was determined.

In this study, the music teacher education program the special aptitude test levels of cognitive flexibility with the success of examination of the relationships between aimed to investigate. In this context, sub-dimensions of examination achievement there is which level of the cognitive flexibility to achieve tought that must be important. Additionally, in

It reflects momentary feelings, requests or impulses of a person who has a joy, happiness, surprise, sadness, anger, fear, regret, displeasure and disgust. Besides, it also includes statements in the case of calling someone or grant or refuse a request. For expressing the individual's feelings, designed requests, interjections are mostly used in uninterrupted conditions. Lexical meanings of interjections it is not a question. Therefore they divided from other word types used in the name type (name, adjective, adverb, pronoun). The emphasis in interjections is a clear prescription. In sentence, emphasis on interjections enhances their effect properties. The interjections can have different meanings depending on where they are used and how they are used. If interjections are voiced in a strong, low, calm, or fast rhythm, is extended or shortened they can reveal different modes of expression. The interjections are words that are used independently of the syntactic direction. In the sentence, like other words in name - taking various affix, they can not declined or they do not constitute a word group. Interjections when used with emphasis on calling, shouting mostly used for attention, warning functions. Within this context, interjection subject in Turkmen Turkish is examined under three categories within this study which we did on literary works and dictionaries. Within first chapter interjections in Turkmen Turkish are dealt in terms of etymology. In second chapter, it is dealt in terms of sound and word structure and examined in sub-category. They are dealt in terms of quality and duty. In this chapter interjections are examined under three groups as interjections reflecting inner world of people, interjections reflecting outer world of people and proverbial interjections.

The increasing popularity of personal computers and internet use by the citizens made it necessary for the governments to use the same platforms. The objective of the study is to determine the usage of web 2.0 tools in local governments. The study presented the Web 2.0 tools in general and after, the explanation for the use of the administrative sense is done. Later on, the findings of web 2.0 tools for the information, interaction and transaction based usage of the municipalities of 81 provinces in Turkey was obtained. The Results demonstrated that the usage of web 2.0 technologies by the municipalities in Turkey was at a very low level and concentrated on a few web 2.0 technologies. Municipal governments focus on providing information while using web 2.0 tools and the use of web 2.0 technologies to provide efficient services and participation remain in the background.

Today, law enforcement and security service is of great importance to live together in peace and for the prosperity of the community. If the quality of law enforcement services has high level, peace and stability within the country will also increase. In this study, it is aimed to provide decision support in order to improve the quality of service of vehicles, which can be used more effectively in assignments district. Within this framework, in order to support decision-making process and re-evaluation of the decisions in motor vehicle assignments of law enforcement units, a new methodology was developed after a series of meetings with specialists. The methodology requires simultaneous utilization of mathematical programming and multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) model. Mathematical model enables vehicle-assignment decisions by increasing the efficiency of the service, rendering efficient utilization of the technical capacity, and minimizing the expenditure. To calculate -performance value of the vehicles-, which is one of the inputs of mathematical model, Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), a technique in MCDM, and The Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) were used integrated. The application of AHP and TOPSIS methods specified "performance criteria units" and "assignment performance values" of each vehicle for each city respectively. The solution results of the proposed model are compared to the current situation. The performance of the assignments has increased 12,42% with the proposed model. In Turkey, there is not any scientific based decision-making support system as yet, which can be used by law enforcement units on deciding assignments of motor vehicles to relevant cities. Moreover, it is envisaged that the suggested methodology will be used widely and frequently since we have not met a methodology or a standard as to vehicle assignments in both domestic and foreign literature and documents of law enforcement units.

Günümüzde e-ticaret uygulamaları küresel çapta etkileyici bir şekilde büyüyerek nihai tüketicilerin sıklıkla tercih ettikleri bir alışveriş ortamı haline gelmiştir. Gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülkelerin firmadan-müşteriye (B2C) doğru perakende e-ticaret işlem hacimlerinin yüksek olmasına rağmen, Türkiye’de ise benzer bir performans ortaya konulamadığı görülmektedir. Bundan dolayı bu çalışmanın amacı Türkiye’deki e-ticaret pazar potansiyelinin beklendiği düzeyde gerçekleşmemiş olmasının nedenlerini tespit ederek çözüm önerileri geliştirmektir. Bu doğrultuda, öncelikle sektör bazında yapılmış araştırmalar incelenmiş ve bu çalışmalardan faydalanılarak bir anket formu geliştirilmiştir. Daha sonra bu anket formu İstanbul’da e-ticaret müşterisi olarak tanımlanan, orta gelir düzeyinde maaşlı çalışan 312 kişiden oluşan örneklem kitlesine uygulanmıştır. Toplanan anketler neticesinde, örnek kitlenin e ticaret uygulamaları için harcadığı alışveriş bütçesi ile bu işlemler için ayırdığı zamanın çok düşük düzeyde olduğu görülmektedir. Buna karşın anket katılımcılarının e ticaret firmalarının performansını değerlendirilirken önem verdikleri unsurlar olarak satış sonrası hizmet kalitesi ve teslimat süresinin makul olması belirlenmiştir. E-ticaret uygulamalarıyla ilgili genel olarak müşterilerin en büyük çekincesiyse güvenlik algısı sorunudur. Bu sorunun üstesinden gelinmesi mikro ölçekte firma bazında değil ancak makro boyutta devlet ve sektörün hep birlikte hareket etmesiyle ele alınmalıdır. Bu doğrultuda Türkiye yerli milli siber güvenlik tedbirlerini geliştirmeli ve sektörde faaliyet gösteren firmalara yönelik yasal düzenlemeler oluşturmalıdır.

Bu makalede Türkiye’deki gazete, dergi, televizyon gibi kitle iletişim araçlarında tespit edilen dil yanlışları incelenmektedir. Kurallara uygun bir cümlenin özellikleri ile dil yanlışlarının sebepleri sistematik bir şekilde ele alınmaktadır. Çalışma, nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden doküman incelemesi modeliyle yapılmıştır. Veriler, farklı kitle iletişim araçlarından, farklı zamanlarda tespit edilen hatalı cümlelerden elde edilmiştir. Araştırmada toplam elli bir cümle on iki başlık altında tasnif edilip incelenmektedir: (1) Sözcüklerin, eklerin gereksiz kullanılması, (2) Sözcüklerin yanlış anlamda kullanılması, yanlış sözcük tercihi (3) Sözcüklerin yapısal bozukluğundan kaynaklanan dil yanlışları (4) Noktalama yanlışları (5) Deyim ve atasözü yanlışları (6) Sözcüklerin yanlış yerde kullanılmasından kaynaklanan sözdizimi yanlışları (7) Kip, zaman ve çatılarla ile ilgili dil yanlışları (8) Tamlama yanlışları (9) Özne-yüklem eksikliğinden kaynaklanan dil yanlışları (10) Özne-yüklem arasındaki kişi-teklik-çokluk uyumsuzluğundan kaynaklanan dil yanlışları (11) Tümleçlerle ilgili dil yanlışları (12) Birden fazla yanlış unsurla kurulan muğlak ve mantıksız cümleler. Ancak bu sınıflandırma kesin, değişmez tasnif değildir. Çünkü burada veril(e)meyen farklı türdeki dil yanlışlarına, örneklere da rastlamak mümkündür. Araştırmada tespit edilip incelenen yanlış cümleler ulusal basın ve yayın kuruluşları ile bu kurumlarda çalışanların yazdıklarından, bazı yazarlardan elde edilmiştir. Bu durum, dil yanlışlarının ne kadar yaygın olduğunu göstermesi bakımından dikkat çekicidir. Dil yanlışının yapılmaması için ilkokuldan başlayarak yükseköğretime kadar temel dil becerilerinden yazma eğitimine önem vermeyi gerekli kılmaktadır.

There are many words in Uighur that give the meaning of plurality and community. While some of these words are used in later periods and fields, it is seen that only a part of these words are included in Uighur texts. While a large number of these words stating plurality and majority are used by themselves, it seems that the use of a part of these words depends on another approximate meaningful word. The word imerigme ~ imrerigme only seen in Uighur texts and not being detected in other periods and fields wasn't used alone generally like a small number of similars, it was used by approximate meaningful such as the words kamag, alku kamag, köp kalın. The use of the form imrerigme in the texts more than the number of imerigme is one of the most important issues related to the structure of the word. It is an issue which researchers agree on it that the word is formed by the participle suffix -(X)gmA structurally. The remaining verb *imer- wasn't detected alone in the texts, but the word imrem “public community” in Divanü Lügati’t-Türk was accepted as the cognate because of the approximate meaning. Besides, it is seen that the structure of the word imrem have also been argued and tried to solve by the researchers. In this study, it is interpreted by transferring the opinions related to the structure and meaning of the word imerigme ~ imrerigme and eventually it is concluded that the root of the word is the causative suffix -Ar- after the verb *im- ~ *yim- “return, surround” which we accepted as the root of the word imece (< *im-me+ci) seen in today's Turkish and other Turkic languages. It is accepted that the sound -r- in the form imrerigme detecting in the texts is a derivation sound (such as çap- > çarp-; kutgar- > kurtgar-; sep- > serp- etc.) as suggested also by others previously and the structure of the word imrem is taken this form by the metathesis (*im-er-i-m > *imirem > imrem) as suggested by others. Old Turkic verb *imer- was detected in the form himir- “randomly to sew (a slit, slush) with a rope by spinning” by the derivation frontal h- in Anatolian dialects, imer- “to surround, to rotate” in Kyrgyz, cimire- “to shake” and cimiret- “to twirl” in Altai, and it supports that the root of the word is in the form *im- ~ *yim- and the structure -Ar- is also a causative suffix.

Main purpose of this study is to approach opinions and promises of the political parties, which passed the election threshold at the general elections of 2015 on educational administration, inspection, financing and economy in their election manifestos. This is a document analysis research. The educational dimensions in the election manifestos of the four parties, which are addressed in the study have been considered under two themes as educational administration and inspection; budget and education economy. The categories are given in tables in order to be able to compare the opinions of four political parties. Findings are analyzed through content analysis and considered within the framework of the categories in line with the purpose of the study. Ak Party, hereby, proposes more conservative, market-oriented and practical solutions. Employment, democratization, objectivity of public administration, holistic view and raising “individual-citizen” become prominent in CHP. CHP advocates legal assurance for employee personal rights and “public” education. In MHP, on the other hand, themes of nationality and national integrity come to the front and Turkish as the language of education is particularly emphasized. HDP tries to synthesize localization and democracy. HDP also proposes education in the mother tongue, encouraging the local administration of education, decision-making processes by local educational councils and financing by public. Proposals based on the study results are as the following: similar themes in party programmes may be considered through qualitative research; opinions of party executives on education policies may be searched and the issues which parties concentrate on or ignore in their election manifestos and the reasons to do so may also be addressed.

Die vorliegende Arbeit behandelt einen Rechtsvergleich zwischen dem Neutralitätsgebot in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland und die Laizität in der Türkei aus der Perspektive des Religionsverwaltungsrechts im Referenzgebiet Medienrecht. Der Schwerpunkt liegt in der Darstellung des Türkischen Rechts. Zu Beginn werden die beiden Begriffe des Neutralitätsgebots und der Laizität als Analyseinstrumente näher erörtert. Insbesondere erfolgt eine historische Begriffsgenese der Laizität im türkischen Rechtssystem in Bezug auf die Verfassungen der Türkei von Kanun-i Esasi 1876 bis hin zur aktuellen Verfassung von 1982. Darüber hinaus wird sowohl in der Rechtsprechung als auch in der Literatur erforscht, welchen Wandel der Laizitätsbegriff seit seiner Aufnahme in die Verfassung erfahren hat. Es wird festgestellt, dass beide Begriffe einer Begriffskategorie angehören, wobei sie sich überwiegend durch ihre Intensität bei der Trennung vom Sakralem und Säkularem gerade hinsichtlich Kooperationen derselben und der vorherrschenden Koexistenz unterscheiden. Zusätzlich wird auf die Funktion und die Auswirkungen des Diyanet sowohl auf den Laizitätsbegriff selbst als auch auf das Medienrecht eingegangen. Im Folgenden wird das Medienrecht in beiden Ländern aus der Perspektive der öffentlichen Medien, insbesondere der Rundfunkanstalten untersucht. Hierbei werden in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland alle öffentlich-rechtlichen Rundfunkanstalten, ihre Organisationsstruktur und Regelungen zur Vertretung der Religionsgemeinschaften behandelt, die gängigen Regelungen diesbezüglich ausführlich erörtert und aktuelle Unterschiede derselben bei der Vertretung der Religionsgemeinschaften im jeweiligen Rundfunkrat mitunter auch tabellarisch aufgezeigt. Durch die Behandlung der Vertretungsregelungen werden Mängel aufgewiesen. Diese ergeben sich beispielsweise in Hessen bei der Auswahl der vertretungsberechtigten Organisationen, da bei den parlamentarischen Überlegungen hierzu möglicherweise nicht hinreichend sachdienliche Gutachten herangezogen wurden. Eine andere Quelle für Fehler wird in der Anwendung von bestimmten Rechtsbegriffen als Parameter für die Eignung der Religionsgemeinschaften zur Vertretung gesehen, die ihrerseits auf christliche Religionsgemeinschaften zugeschnitten sind, jedoch gerade die innerhalb der Bevölkerung am stärksten vertretene Minderheitengruppe, nämlich die Muslime, mangels Körperschaftsstatus, außen vor lässt. Letztendlich werden auch gerade für die Bundesrepublik Deutschland Lösungsansätze herausgearbeitet. Im türkischen Recht erfolgt eine ebensolche Darstellung, wobei als Besonderheit auch der TMSF als Einlagensicherungsfonds, sowie die These behandelt werden, dass durch die Eingriffe des TMSF öffentlich-rechtliche Printmedien vorhanden seien. Speziell werden die Entstehung und Entwicklung des Medienrechts, der Aufbau und die Kompetenzen der öffentlich-rechtlichen Medien und die Eingriffe auf diese dargestellt. In der Türkei werden bereits in der verwaltungsrechtlichen Normierung der Kompetenzen einzelner Institutionen und erst Recht in der verwaltungsrechtlichen Praxis gravierende Mängel festgestellt.

Das eherne Vorhaben, die Einheit der Muslime voranzutreiben, das dürfte der KRM mit diesem Aktionismus angesichts der Kommissionspläne des Landes NRW beiseite gelegt haben. Vielleicht vor einem Jahr noch, als es nicht darum ging, die alleinige Entscheidungsmacht der KRM-Mitglieder im nordrhein-westfälischen Religionsunterricht zu verteidigen, hätte sich der KRM noch auf dieses richtige und wichtige Ziel einer gemeinsamen Vertretungs- und Kooperationsinstanz berufen können. Das Argument verliert jedoch seine Bedeutung, wenn es am Ende nur noch um die Wahrung der Besitzstände der „Großen“ geht – auf Kosten der berechtigten Interessen der kleineren muslimischen Gemeinschaften.

Die Phänomene Islam- und Muslimfeindlichkeit und Antimuslimischer Rassismus erfahren trotz zunehmender Islam- und Muslimfeindlichkeit in Deutschland und in Europa insgesamt noch eine mangelhafte Wahrnehmung – sowohl von medialer, politischer als auch von gesellschaftlicher Seite her. Gleichzeitig gibt es bundesweit Akteure, die sich in diesem Themenfeld engagieren. Da sich Islam- und Muslimfeindlichkeit und Antimuslimischer Rassismus in ganz unterschiedlicher Form manifestieren, muss dieses Themenfeld von verschiedenen Seiten angegangen werden. Die Betroffenen von Diskriminierung und Angriffen müssen geschützt, beraten und gestärkt werden und diejenigen, die nicht direkt betroffen sind, müssen über die Tragweite und gesamtgesellschaftliche Bedeutung des Problems aufgeklärt und für eine Solidarisierung gegen Islamfeindlichkeit gewonnen werden. Bis heute fehlt ein Überblick über aktive Akteure im Themenfeld Islam- und Muslimfeindlichkeit und Antimuslimischer Rassismus in Deutschland und über die zum Einsatz kommende Methoden. Die Publikation „Aktiv gegen Islamfeindlichkeit und Antimuslimischen Rassismus. Akteure und Herausforderungen“ setzt hier an und schafft einen bundesweiten Überblick über wichtige Projekte und Ansätze, die einen Beitrag zur Bekämpfung von Islamfeindlichkeit und antimuslimischem Rassismus in Deutschland leisten. Dabei stellt die Publikation nicht nur Grundlageninformationen über die Organisationen bereit, sondern bietet zudem Anregungen und Handlungsempfehlungen für die Projektarbeit.

Wie lässt sich eine engere Zusammenarbeit zwischen Bildungseinrichtungen und neu zugewanderten Familien realisieren? Wie kann nicht nur Sprache, sondern auch Kultur übersetzt werden? Mit der kommunalen Etablierung sogenannter Kulturdolmetscher/innen bietet sich eine Lösung an, doch sollte deren Arbeit vom Transkulturalitätsansatz und einem Ressourcenblick geleitet sein. (DIPF/Orig.)

Deutschland steht vor der Aufgabe, viele Geflüchtete unterzubringen und ihnen neue Lebensperspektiven zu eröffnen. Die Menschen, die in den vergangenen Jahren gekommen sind, um Schutz zu suchen, sind keine homogene Gruppe. Sie unterscheiden sich nach Geschlecht, Alter, Herkunft, kulturellem Hintergrund, Bildung, Arbeitserfahrung, Sprachkompetenz, Migrations- und Fluchterfahrung, Zukunftsentwürfen und vielerlei mehr. Standardmaßnahmen für alle laufen so oftmals ins Leere, Ressourcen werden schlecht genutzt und Chancen verschenkt.

Im Rahmen der Asylmigration sind in den letzten Jahren Menschen aus unterschiedlichsten Gründen nach Deutschland gekommen. Deutschland steht vor der Aufgabe, die Geflüchteten unterzubringen und ihnen neue Lebensperspektiven zu eröffnen. Dabei bilden die Menschen, die in den vergangenen Jahren nach Deutschland gekommen sind keine homogene Gruppe. So vielfältig die Gruppe der Neuzugewanderten ist, so vielfältig gestalten Städte und Kommunen die Maßnahmen zur Integration. Das Reallabor Asylsuchende in der Rhein-Neckar-Region analysiert seit 2016 Erfolgsfaktoren für eine nachhaltige gesellschaftliche Teilhabe von Geflüchteten und gestaltet Teilhabemöglichkeiten. Die vorliegenden Handlungsempfehlungen fassen die Ergebnisse der vielschichtigen Beobachtungen, Realexperimente, Befragungen und themenzentrierten Interviews zusammen und geben einen Überblick über Empfehlungen, die eine gesellschaftliche Teilhabe von Menschen mit Fluchthintergrund unterstützen.

Jahrbuch für Christliche Sozialwissenschaften, Bd. 59 (2018): Friede und Gerechtigkeit

Die etablierten Moscheegemeinden wandeln sich. Daneben gibt es neu entstehende soziale Einrichtungen und Träger, deren Akteure zwar eine religiöse Motivation haben, ohne jedoch Religionsgemeinschaft oder religiöser Verein sein zu wollen.

Turkmen Turkish is involved in South-Western groups of Turkish language family. In this respect, it constitutes the eastern arm of the Oghuz group of the Turkish languages. Turkmen Turks have used the Chagatai Turkish’s literary language, which is common in Turkey until the 18th century. The foundation of Turkmen Turkish language was created with the language of works which were penned after the 18th century. Turkish words form a great rate of Turkmen vocabulary. In addition, the words taken from Russian, Arabic, Persian and Mongolian also create a quite large proportion. Especially allophonic changes in the words taken from Arabic and Persian words have made it beyond recognition. In this study, the phonetic events seen in the vowels of words borrowed from Arabic and Persian located in Turkmen Turkish literary products and its dictionaries are examined.

Leader-member exchange (LMX) and organizational cynicism are the two concepts which continue to take attention in the researches. But, the relationship between these two concepts is still in need of explanation. Moreover, the role of perceived internal status is wondered in this relationship. Thus, the aim of this study is to investigate the mediating role of perceived internal status on the effects of leader-member exchange on organizational cynicism. Findings of the study demonstrate that LMX negatively effects all sub dimensions of organizational cynicism. Specifically, it is found that perceived internal status partially mediates the relationship between LMX and both cognitive (beliefs) and affective (feelings) sub dimensions of organizational cynicism and fully mediates the relationship between LMX and behavioral (behaviors) sub dimension of organizational cynicism.

Aim to have legality and effectiveness of using funds in public sector necessitates auditing activity that contains process monitoring. Auditing is done both by public institutions’ themselves and also by an independent institution. The important side in this point is to have strong coordination between the internal auditing made by a public institution and external auditing made by another institution. For this purpose some countries and also Turkey have enacted some legislation. On the other hand, there are essential steps to be taken in our country. To take steps, is important to have an integrated structure of auditing process in Turkey.

eingereicht von Engin Sen Literaturverzeichnis: Blatt 61-67 Zusammenfassung/Abstract in deutscher und englischer Sprache Paris-Lodron-Universität Salzburg, Masterarbeit, 2018 (VLID)5003165

Die Arbeit liefert theoretische sowie praktische Handhabungen zu ICE-Sessions. Wird ICE effizient eingesetzt, ist sie mehr als nur eine modellorientierte Koordinationssitzung. Innerhalb der ICE-Session sollen alle Fachplaner und Entscheidungsträger gemeinsam und zielorientiert Lösungen erarbeiten.