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For the practicing physician the medicamentous treatment of the patients with infarction is the main problem of the secondary prevention in the prehospital phase as well as in the after-treatment. In these cases in the acute phase not the myocardial insufficiency is in the centre of the out-patient care, but the therapy of the disturbances of cardiac rhythm, which mainly cause the high lethality in the early phase. Therefore, uncomplicated infarctions, in whch care must be taken only for a sedation of sympathico-adrenergic reactions and a volume reduction of the heart, should be differed from complicated cases. However, an immediate transport to the hospital must be guaranteed. If there appear a contraction insufficiency of the left ventricle or threatening disturbances of the rhythm, additionally glycosides and saluretics must be administered as well as an aimed antiarrhythmic therapy must be initiated. The necessary medicamentous measures are described dependent upon the diagnosis of brady- and tachycardiac disturbances of the rhythm. The author enters briefly the problems of volume substitution, treatment of acidosis as well as the administration of beta-sympathicolytics and gluco-corticoids. - In the after-treatment of infarctions anticoagulants are the only medicaments to be prescribed, when findings completely without complications are present. If, however, there are signs of activity of the coronary heart disease in the post-infarction phase, a basic therapy with a glycoside and anticoagulants as well as an individually to be varied additive therapy with nitro-preparations, beta-sympathicolytics, saluretics, anti-hypertensive agents and antiarrhythmic agents are necessary.