1. Confirmation of mutations in PROSC as a novel cause of vitamin B6 -dependent epilepsy
- Author
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Sorina Mihaela Papuc, Pascal Joset, Lisa M. Crowther, Pasquale Striano, Anaïs Begemann, Anita Rauch, Bernhard Schmitt, Barbara Plecko, Federico Zara, Heinrich Sticht, Francesca Beccaria, Martina Baethmann, Maria Stella Vari, Déborah Mathis, Markus Zweier, University of Zurich, and Plecko, Barbara
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,2716 Genetics (clinical) ,PROSCexome sequencing ,inborn errors of metabolism ,neonatal seizures ,pyridoxine ,vitamin B6 ,Genetics ,Genetics (clinical) ,10039 Institute of Medical Genetics ,Encephalopathy ,PNPO ,610 Medicine & health ,Consanguinity ,medicine.disease_cause ,Gastroenterology ,03 medical and health sciences ,Epilepsy ,0302 clinical medicine ,1311 Genetics ,Internal medicine ,Genotype ,medicine ,Mutation ,business.industry ,ALPL ,Pyridoxine ,medicine.disease ,030104 developmental biology ,10036 Medical Clinic ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Vitamin-B6-dependent epilepsies are a heterogenous group of treatable disorders due to mutations in several genes (ALDH7A1, PNPO, ALPL or ALDH4A1). In neonatal seizures, defects in ALDH7A1 and PNPO explain a major fraction of cases. Very recently biallelic mutations in PROSC were shown to be a novel cause in five families. We identified four further unrelated patients harbouring a total of six different mutations, including four novel disease mutations. Vitamin B6 plasma profiles on pyridoxine did not enable the differentiation of patients with PROSC mutations. All four patients were normocephalic and had normal cranial imaging. Pyridoxine monotherapy allowed complete seizure control in one, while two patients had occasional febrile or afebrile seizures and one needed additional valproate therapy for photosensitive seizures. Two patients underwent a controlled pyridoxine withdrawal with signs of encephalopathy within a couple of days. Three had favourable outcome with normal intellectual properties at age 12.5, 15.5 and 30 years, respectively, while one child had marked developmental delay at age 27 months. The clinical and electroencephalographic phenotype in patients with PROSC mutations was indistinguishable from ALDH7A1 and PNPO deficiency. We therefore confirm PROSC as a novel gene for vitamin-B6-dependent epilepsy and delineate a non-specific plasma vitamin B6 profile under pyridoxine treatment.
- Published
- 2017