Search

Abstract The construction of covariance matrices that account for the genetic relationships among individuals, using pedigree or genotype data, is integral to genetic evaluations, which are now routinely used in the field of animal breeding. The objective of the present study was to estimate the standard deviation in the proportion of the segregating genome that is shared between pairs of full-sibling cattle and sheep independently. Post edits, genotype data comprising 46,069 autosomal single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were available for 4532 unique full-sibling sheep pairs, as well as for their respective parents. Post edits, genotypes from 50,493 autosomal SNPs were also available for 10,000 unique full-sibling cattle pairs, as well as their respective parents. Genomic relationship matrices were constructed for the sheep and cattle populations, separately. After accounting for both parental genomic inbreeding and the genomic relationship between both parents, the standard deviation in full-sibling cattle and sheep genomic relationships was 0.040 and 0.037 units, respectively. In addition, the intercept value from a linear regression model which regressed each full-sibling genomic relationship on both sire and dam inbreeding, as well as the genomic relationship between the parents, was 0.499 (0.001) for sheep and 0.500 (0.001) for cattle, conforming to the expectation that full-siblings, on average, share 50% of their segregating genome.

Kant’s turn to the subject has changed the epistemological conditions for theology. Four intellectual backgrounds of objections are examined: an Aristotelian and Thomistic teleological order of nature (1); Augustinianism based on original sin in which human agency is completely attributed to God’s grace (2); a Hegelian critique of the deontological conception of an “unconditional ought” which also puts Kant’s postulate of the existence of God into question (3); the combination in Radical Orthodoxy of a postmodern critique of the subject, an Augustinian view of human nature, and a monistic understanding of the Trinity (4). Their different diagnoses why Kant’s work constitutes a cul-de-sac are contrasted with theological positions that welcome it as a watershed: its move from ontology to human subjectivity; from a biologically transmitted inescapable sin to a freedom for good and evil; from a strict reciprocity to an unlimited scope of ethics that is faced with the question of meaning; and from condemning the secular as “heretical” to defining it as the genuine space of the free human counterparts created by God, according to Duns Scotus’s late medieval theology which anticipates Kant’s concept of autonomy. The standard by which theologies are judged is how they do justice to the New Testament’s message of salvation by Jesus Christ. The Conclusion argues that Kant’s turn to freedom in its unconditionality and finitude has opened up a thought form in which the truth of the Gospel finds more adequate categories of understanding than in those of earlier eras.

El siguiente estudio describe las percepciones de los estudiantes de cursos de español como lengua extranjera sobre la creación de cursos de español con fines específicos (EFE) o español para las profesiones, específicamente para la carrera de comunicación en la Universidad de Houston en los Estados Unidos. Con el uso de métodos cualitativos y cualitativos se entrevistaron 60 estudiantes del área de comunicación para reconocer el interés de los participantes en un curso enfocado en su carrera y sobre los contenidos de este. Los resultados mostraron que un 88 % de los participants están interesados en tomar cursos de EFE porque lo ven como una necesidad en la ciudad de Houston y en Los Estados Unidos. Dentro de sus motivaciones principales están: mejorar oportunidades de trabajo, obtener créditos para su carrera y comunicarse con hispanos en la ciudad. Con respecto al contenido del curso, los encuestados afirmaron que desean recibir un vocabulario enfocado en lo que estudian, conocer los detalles culturales relacionados con la carrera y tener acceso a ejercicios donde mejoren sus habilidades interpersonales.

The TEI schemas and guidelines have made it possible for many scholars and researchers to encode texts of any kind for (almost) all kinds of purposes, but this excellent standard is matched by an astounding diversity of publishing tools, which is particularly true when it comes to image-based digital editions. The different needs of scholars, coupled with the constant search for an effective price/result ratio and the local availability of technical skills, have led to a remarkable fragmentation: publishing solutions range from simple HTML pages produced using the TEI stylesheets (or the TEI Boilerplate software) to very complex frameworks based on CMS and SQL search engines. Researchers of the Digital Vercelli Book project started looking into a simple, user-friendly solution and eventually decided to build their own: EVT (Edition Visualization Technology) has been under development since about 2010 and has turned into a flexible tool that can be used to create a web-based digital edition starting from transcription files encoded in TEI XML. This paper describes why this tool was created, how it works, and developments planned for the future.