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The present article attempts to analyze the particularities of the practice of literary translation from a language of peripheral culture to a language of central culture, based on the case of Korean literature. Because of the inequality that governs the relations between the two cultures involved, the transfer from one to the other raises extratextual problems. After briefly tracing the history of the translation of Korean literary works into widely spoken languages, especially in the French-speaking communities, this paper deals with the specific characteristics and modalities of this activity, as well as with their influence on the translations itself, focusing on the choice of works to be translated, the distinctive features of their translators, the translation processes they implement and the socio-cultural context in which the translation is done. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To examine the effect of acupuncture on Zhubin (KI 9) in reducing alcohol craving in alcohol-dependent patients. Methods Twenty male alcohol-dependent patients were randomly assigned to two groups, a treatment group (10 cases, age 43.0 ± 6.8 years) and a placebo group (10 cases, age 44.5 ± 7.9 years). The treatment group was treated with real needle acupuncture on Zhubin (KI 9) twice a week for 4 weeks, and the control group was treated with placebo needle acupuncture. Both groups were given acupuncture treatment using Park Sham Device (PSD). Alcohol craving was measured by the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) before treatment to establish a baseline, and after 1, 2, and 4 weeks of treatment. Repeated measures ANOVA was used to determine the main and interaction effects of time and on the outcome measure (VAS). Results There was a significant effect of time on VAS score (df = 3, F = 13.3, P < 0.01). Main effect of group on VAS score was significant (df = 1, F = 10.9, P < 0.01) and the time × group interaction was also significant (df = 3, F = 4.7, P < 0.01). Conclusions Real-needle acupuncture therapy on Zhubin (KI 9) showed effectiveness in reducing alcohol craving. These results strongly suggest the usefulness of acupuncture therapy on Zhubin (KI 9) in preventing a relapse in alcohol dependent patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]