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Copyright of Sucht is the property of Hogrefe AG and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Sucht is the property of Hogrefe AG and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Sucht is the property of Hogrefe AG and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Sucht is the property of Hogrefe AG and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Sucht is the property of Hogrefe AG and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Zeitschrift für Soziologie is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Aim: Recording the frequency of screenings for problematic alcohol consumption by professionals involved in the health care of respective patients. The German S3-guideline "screening, diagnosis and treatment of alcohol-related disorders" recommends the use of questionnaire-based screenings for all patients in all settings., Methods: Cross-sectional survey on screening frequency among general practitioners, gynecologists, psychiatrists, child- and adolescent therapists, psychotherapists, social workers and midwives. Logistic regression was used to explore how healthcare professionals' attributes were associated with the implementation of screenings., Results: With response rates of about 20%, health care professionals reported using screening instruments for an average of 6.9% of all patients during the previous four weeks. Most of the time, custom-made questions were used instead of the recommended instruments (AUDIT, AUDIT-C). Higher screening rates were reported for patients with newly diagnosed hypertension (21.2%), alcohol-related disorders (43.3%) and mental disorders (39.3%). Knowledge of the guideline was associated with implementation of screenings (OR=4.67; 95% KI 1.94-11.25, p<0.001)., Conclusions: Comprehensive screening for problematic alcohol use with questionnaire-based instruments in accordance with guidelines is far from being routinely implemented in the studied health care settings. Measures to increase the knowledge of the guidelines are necessary in order to increase the frequency of alcohol screening in health care., Competing Interests: U.Frischknecht bezog ein Honorar vom Thieme Verlag für die Autorenschaft an einer Publikation zu einem verwandten Thema. J.Manthey nahm als Referent am Wissenschaftlichen Gespräch der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Suchtforschung und Suchttherapie e.V. (DGSucht) teil, wofür er ein Honorar erhielt sowie Reise-, Übernachtungs- und Kongresskosten erstattet wurden. J.Reimer erhielt Unterstützung vom Bundesministerium für Gesundheit für die Abfassung des vorliegenden Manuskripts bzw. thematisch verwandter Arbeiten. F.Kiefer war als Referent für die Amomed Pharma GmbH tätig. J.Rehm erhielt Gelder für Studien zu Epidemiologie und Alkoholabhängigkeit von der Lundbeck GmbH und der D&A Pharma GmbH. L.Kraus wurde in einem Forschungsprojekt zur Epidemiologie von Alkoholabhängigkeit von Lundbeck GmbH gefördert. S.Hoffmann, A.Steinhauser, C.Lindemann, A.Buchholz, C.Lindemann, U.Verthein, und B.Schulte geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht., (Thieme. All rights reserved.)

Hypertension and alcohol use are both part of the five most important risk factors for burden of disease in Western Europe, mainly because of their impact on non-communicable diseases (NCD). Both risk factors are prevalent with high overlap among patients in primary care. Implementation of a screening for alcohol among patients of hypertension in primary care followed by brief intervention for problem alcohol use or formal treatment for people with alcohol dependence could constitute an important step to reach the goals of the Global WHO Action Plan for Prevention and Control of NCD. In addition, such an intervention could improve the management of hypertension. In a working group of experts from clinical practice and research the rationale and potential barriers for this intervention were discussed and steps for implementation in primary care were developed., (© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.)

Objective: To identify prognostic factors for a positive or negative termination of heroin-assisted treatment (HAT) in Switzerland., Method: A complete census of all 3155 patients ever admitted was analysed using the proportional hazard model (including time dependent covariates)., Results: Median length of stay was 11.4 years; the maximal length of stay was 13.9 years. 299 positive and 463 negative terminations were registered. Terminations clustered in the first year. Both time to positive and negative termination was significantly dependent on historical treatment cohorts since 1994. Positive termination was negatively associated with treatment in larger treatment centres (OR: 0.77, CI: 0.61-0.97) and positively with income from the social system (OR: 1.33; CI: 1.03-1.72). Negative terminations were positively associated with HIV infection before treatment (OR: 1.74; CI: 1.40-2.16), delinquence (OR 1.36; CI: 1.09-1.69), and higher levels of distrust (OR: 1.18 per scoring point; CI = 1.05-1.31)., Conclusions: Length of stay in Swiss HAT is considerable. The proportion of positive terminations did not increase with longer stays, indicating that the majority of patients are in chronic palliative care. Negative terminations outweighed positive terminations, with a low predictive power from co-variates. The routine assessment and analysis of different covariates, such as indicators of treatment process, has the potential to improve the therapeutic outcomes of HAT.

Objective: To statistically pool prevalence estimates of all studies on co-morbid psychiatric disorders in samples of opioid addicts., Methods: 16 studies were identified which comprised 3754 opioid addicts. Meta-analysis was conducted using precision weighted algorithms., Results: 78 % of the opiate addicts had at least one co-morbid psychiatric disorder at least once in their lifetime. Especially personality disorders had a high prevalence (42 %). The second highest prevalence was found with mood disorders (31 %), the third highest prevalence was anxiety disorders with 8 %., Conclusions: The high prevalence of psychiatric disorders among opioid addicts signaled the need to improve and develop better treatment programs.

Objective: The present paper describes the type and prevalence of co-morbid psychiatric disorders in a group of opioid dependent addicts., Methods: In 17 Swiss centres for heroin-assisted treatment 85 opiate addicts were assessed at entry using the SKID interview., Results: Lifetime prevalence of co-morbid Axis I or Axis II disorders was 86 %. Most frequently patients were diagnosed with a personality disorder (58 %). Second frequently were mood disorders with a prevalence of 55 %, followed by anxiety disorders with a prevalence of 26 %., Conclusions: The high prevalence of co-morbid psychiatric disorders indicate the urgent necessity to further develop and adapt health services for opioid addicts.