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Unlike most other European cities, Debrecen, on the eastern edge of the Great Hungarian Plain, developed rapidly in the Middle Ages and became the most populous, largest and wealthiest city in Hungary in the early modern period with neither walls nor suburbs. Its own and rented land made it one of the most significant landowners in the country, with large-scale cattle farming. The oxen fattened on the plains (hun. puszta) were sold on markets in Italy, Austria, Germany and Silesia. In addition to cattle exports, Debrecen also traded extensively in many other products, being at the intersection of the main north-south and east-west routes across the Great Plain. Its development was greatly facilitated by its landlords, who were the chief royal officials of Hungary in the 14th and 15th centuries. Debrecen was formed as a manorial centre in the second half of the 13th century by the merger of three villages and was granted a charter of city privileges by King Louis I in 1361. In 1405, Sigismund of Luxembourg allowed his citizens to build stone walls around their cities, but Debrecen's considerable size, the lack of stone on the plains and thus the high construction costs meant that the city did not build stone walls later on either. This allowed it to grow, and so, unlike in walled cities, no suburb developed in Debrecen. The earth bank and the palisade wall that surrounded

Copyright of Mainfränkisches Jahrbuch für Geschichte und Kunst is the property of Freunde Mainfraenkischer Kunst und Geschichte e.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article "Urbanizing Suburbia. Hyper-Gentrification, the Financialization of Housing and the Remaking of the Outer European City" discusses the development trends of hyper-gentrification, the financialization of housing, and the remaking of the outer European city. Various topics related to these trends are discussed, including the upgrading of neighborhoods through international financial capital, the interconnection of the housing industry with global financial markets, and the development pressure on outer cities. The article also includes case studies on the cities of Amsterdam, Berlin, London, and Stockholm. Overall, the article provides a successful contribution to the current issue and presents perspectives for future research. The book "Urbanizing Suburbia" by T. Kaminer, L. Ma, and H. Runting deals with hyper-gentrification, the financialization of housing, and the redesign of European suburbs. It was published in 2023 by Jovis in Berlin and consists of 352 pages with 70 illustrations. The book offers a comprehensive analysis of these urban developments. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of GWP: Gesellschaft Wirtschaft Politik is the property of Verlag Barbara Budrich GmbH and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The essay deals with the donation activities of Jewish people in the Franconian area during the 18th century. Helping those in need was an integral part of religious practice. Donations to co-religionists as well as to Christian institutions and individuals can be proven regularly. The five charitable foundations, which were set up by wealthy members of the Bamberg rural Jewish community, also served the purpose of maintaining the memory of the founder and his family in the long term. With the proceeds from the foundation capital, scholarships were financed and needy relatives supported. They represented important references for the family members, who often lived scattered. Thus had an effect of forming a Common identity. The case of Meyer Levi, who at the same time established religious foundations in the Franconian rural community of Zeckendorf and the suburban community of Pfersee beyond the gates of the imperial city of Augsburg, documents that the supra-regional and cross-territorial interdependencies of Jewish society can be seen within the Zedaka. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For this paper, the perception of the integration of refugees in the community of Everswinkel (North Rhine-Westphalia) was traced from a post-migrant perspective. For this purpose, representatives of the community, volunteers and residents of suburban neighbourhoods were asked about the changed situation of refugee migration since 2015. In order to arrive at a broader perspective on migration, which no longer sees immigration as a downstream problem affecting only migrants, but rather as a condition to be negotiated for the entire host society, the conceptual triad of alliances, antagonists and ambivalences of Naika Foroutan was operationalized. The results of the surveys turned out to be very heterogeneous and some contradicting views of integration were observed. On the one hand, diverse pro-plural alliances have emerged in Everswinkel, which materialize in particular in the offers and institutions of the community. On the other hand, these are accompanied by anti-plural antagonists who are, for example, strongly conveyed through topics such as neighbourhood coexistence or the topic of living. In addition, a third perspective, that of the ambivalence and contradictions in the perception of the integration of refugees, comes into focus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the 1950s the Dortmund-based steel manufacturer Hoesch developed a process of coating strip steel with synthetic material naming the product Platal. One idea of selling Platal was using it for serially prefabricated bungalows. In the spring of 1964, the first prefabricated steel bungalows could be delivered. But instead of selling 1.000 houses per year as planned, the estimation is that until the end of production in 1966 only 150 to 200 unities had been produced in various sizes. Seven of those steel bungalows were erected by Hoesch in Hombruch, a southern suburb of Dortmund, and were rented out to senior executives of Hoesch. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Nietzsche Archive in Weimar, which was reorganised by Elisabeth Förster-Nietzsche (1846–1935) after the death of her brother Friedrich Nietzsche (1844–1900), is regarded as an example of an outstanding collection that stands for the dawn of modernity around 1900. The circumstances of how Nietzsche’s sister managed and expanded the archive in Weimar clearly show the structure and development of a network. The archive is located on the ground floor of “Villa Silberblick”, a representative Wilhelminian villa on the outskirts of the city, which Förster-Nietzsche had moved into in 1897, and where she cared for her brother and where she remained after his death. This collection in the Nietzsche Archive includes furniture and interiors that Förster-Nietzsche had commissioned from the up-and-coming Belgian architect Henry van de Velde (1863–1957). She wanted to create a place for the Nietzsche cult, which she pursued with all her might, and to have her brother’s works translated into interior design. She was helped in this by patron Harry Graf Kessler (1868–1937), who was looking for a reference project in Weimar for Van de Velde, the new artistic advisor to the young Grand Duke of Saxe- -Weimar, and recommended him to Förster-Nietzsche. With Van de Velde’s establishment, the Nietzsche Archive became not only a focal point of Nietzsche worship at the beginning of the 20th century, but also the centre of the “New Weimar”, a cultural- -political project for which Kessler and Förster-Nietzsche were able to gain the support of Grand Duke Wilhelm Ernst (1876–1926; reigned 1901–1918). The essay examines the spatial ensemble created by Van de Velde and relates it to the intended impact of this collection. It becomes apparent that Van de Velde consciously used mechanisms from advertising for this purpose. This fact is all the more astonishing, as the increasing commercialisation in trade and commerce was still met with rejection by social elites at the time. Yet Van de Velde was one of the few artists open to new marketing strategies and created an effective Nietzsche image with the help of product advertising, which was regarded as inferior. He was part of a network whose influential members successfully used social relations as a resource. According to their will, the Nietzsche Archive in Weimar served economic branding as well as cultic exaltation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information on the Stadtmuseum Carnavalet in Paris, France which reopened in 2021 after five years of construction id-16th century for built a judge of the Paris Parliament. It mentions Evidence of Renaissance architecture with the charm of an inner courtyard and hundred years after it opened the Carnavalet Museum. It also mentions Restoration of furniture and objects benefit, however, arises the question whether it makes sense in 85 rooms.

Theworld of labour is undergoingmajor changes.With the processes of digitalisation, the possibilities to work flexibly wherever people live or spend their time are increasing. Digitalbased forms of work promote the development ofmobile work in a self-determined location (e.g. in a home office or co-working space). Such location-independent forms of work offer new opportunities for further development of rural areas and especially small andmedium-sized towns. The strategic (re) linking of living and working is in many respects both an opportunity and a challenge in equal measure: A shift in the centre of people's lives can strengthen the place of residence in rural areas through increased (also) economic demand, through amix of uses and a diversified demand for local supply or through a reduction of traffic loads, such as commuting. In this paper, we explore both the socio-spatial preconditions and the effects of this shift from places of work to places of residence in rural areas. The aim is to outline a systematic classification of co-working spaces with regard to sustainable spatial development in order to promote the opportunities of mobile work in different suburban and rural areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of GWP: Gesellschaft Wirtschaft Politik is the property of Verlag Barbara Budrich GmbH and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Zeitschrift für Kulturwissenschaft is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The book "After Suburbia. Urbanization in the Twenty-First Century" is part of the project "Global Surbanisms" led by Roger Keil at York University in Toronto. It provides a comprehensive overview of contemporary research on urban peripheries. The book consists of 21 chapters, divided into three parts and a conclusion. It addresses topics such as land, governance, and infrastructure, and includes case studies from different parts of the world. The book raises the question of whether the era of suburbs is over and emphasizes the need for a new perspective on urban peripheries. [Extracted from the article]

In the context of the progressive and unstoppable increase of the population living in urban suburbs, this paper analyzes the change of perspective by the communities of the first crown of the parisian banlieue who prefer to affirm their local identities rather than being annexed to the metropolis. The relationship between the urban center and the suburbs is complex and has undergone significant changes. If in the years of the building boom the expansions of the major cities included the peripheral centers, today, as a consequence of the urban polycentrism, the urban suburbs recognize to heir own identity and socio-cultural integrity such as to resist metropolitan homologation despite urban expansion and growth. The paper treats this subject starting from the morphological analysis of urban strategies put in place by the local administrations of Paris and Ivry-sur-Seine. In particular, two plans for urban regeneration in continuity are examined, the Bruneseau Nord sector of the ZAC Paris Rive Gauche and Ivry-Port Nord.

Shimokitazawa is one of the rare neighborhoods of Tokyo where an urban redevelopment project led to long-lasting and loud opposition that changed parts of the project and led to a victory in court. The small area next to Shibuya and Shinjuku is well known for its small-scale buildings and an overall atmosphere that feels more like Tokyo's Shitamachi than a suburb. Change is imminent because of redevelopment in the station area that lead to strong reactions from mostly creative people over the course of more than 15 years. This article examines the recent development of Shimokitazawa, the 60-year-old origin of the redevelopment project in that area, and the different actors that led lasting movements with lots of media coverage and international support against the backdrop of what is called a »resonant city«. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The book "Suburbia in the 21st Century: From Dreamland to Nightmare?" is a contribution to urban studies literature that focuses on suburbs. It addresses the diversity and complexity of suburbs that were built in different times and for different purposes. The book also discusses the concept of "post-suburbia" and the question of whether suburbs are a dreamland or a nightmare. It includes case studies from North America, Europe, and Oceania, but primarily focuses on advanced capitalist countries in the Global North. The book offers an interesting perspective on suburbs and may appeal to researchers, students, and policymakers interested in this topic. [Extracted from the article]

This paper provides a brief overview of recent developments and debates concerned with suburbanisation in continental Europe. While current discourses in urban research and practice still focus on processes of reurbanisation and the gentrification of inner-city areas, suburbia continues to exist and thrive. Depending on the definition applied, suburban areas still attract a large share of in-migration and employment growth in cities of the developed countries. Given that popular meta-narratives on suburbia and suburbanisation are often spurred by, or refer to, North American suburban studies, we take a different perspective here, one based on continental European trajectories of development in and across city-regional areas that are considered to be suburban, and on social processes that are associated with suburbanisation (suburbanisms). Thus, we aim to avoid a biased understanding of suburbia as a spatial category, which is often considered mono-functional, non-sustainable, or in generic decline. Instead, we observe that suburban variety is huge, and the distinction between urban core and fringe seems to be as ambiguous as ever. The paper, which also introduces the theme of this special issue of “Raumforschung und Raumordnung | Spatial Research and Planning”, bundles our findings along four themes: on suburbia as a place of economic development, on the shifting dynamics of housing between core and fringe locales, on the life-cyclic nature of suburbanisation, and on strategies for redevelopment. Finally, we discuss certain topics that may deserve to be addressed by future research, particularly on the European variant of suburbanisation and suburbs.

The article focuses on decision on the demarcation of the border between the Czechoslovak Republic and the Republic of Austria as the state name had to be changed due to the peace treaty was made at the peace conference that began in January 1919 in Paris and some of its suburbs. Topics include considered that the German-Austrian delegation was unable to negotiate directly with the victorious powers.

Research on Jewish life in Vienna prior to the Holocaust understandably focuses on places, where it predominantly took place: the Leopoldstadt and the city centre. This view fails to consider the suburb, an area that reflects spatial aspects of Jewish life and does not evoke the connotations typically associated with being Jewish but is instructive as it regards questions of »Jewish difference«. Based on the biographies of two Jewish sports officials, the article shows that (Jewish) difference was defined primarily by parameters of space which manifest as »Bodenständigkeit« (being native): In actual fact, at least in the field of popular culture, ascriptions to a non-Jewish suburb were more powerful than the Jewishness of the officials: In self-perceptions as well as in external ascriptions the meanings of Jewishness were informed by suburban affiliations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a report from a November 17-19, 2016 conference on ancient Iberian history held in Hamburg, Germany. Topics of presentations delivered include the history of ancient suburbs of Cordoba, Spain, social conditions in the ancient port city of Onoba Aestuaria, Spain, and necropoli in Córdoba and Carmona, Spain.

Sociological aspects of suburbs are introduced as the focus of articles in the February 2018 issue of the Canada studies periodical "Zeitschrift für Kanada-Studien" is introduced.