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Three types of plications were performed on dogs: 1. modified mesenterial plication; 2. transjejunal internal splinting; 3. intestine duplication according to Noble. No passage disorder or abnormal circulation were observed; compared with the values of the control dogs isotope activity was the same after plication. Thus, there is no danger of impaired circulation after this type of operation.

The authors have surveyed 94 cases of stenosis of Vater's papilla diagnosed in 270 late reoperations. In their opinion in more than one third of the cases stenosis of Vater's papilla persisted even at the time of the first surgical interference, only it was not diagnosed and adequately solved. They are convinced that by the routine use of radiomanometry, in addition to intraoperative close circuit TV monitoring, by the correct interpretation of the data and adequate surgery, the number of late reoperations after surgery of the biliary tract can be considerably decreased. The procedure has been in use at the author's clinic since 1961.

In the course of 18 years the authors performed transduodenal sphincterotomy on 289 and sphincteroplasty on 87 patients. The operations were connected, in 295 cases with primary in 81 cases with repeated biliary surgery. Twenty of the patients (5.3%) died during the immediate postoperative period. However, on the grounds of autopsy data the death of only 10 patients (2.6%) can be attributed to the surgery of the sphincter. Out of the 356 surviving patients 270 were available for a follow-up study and were examined 1-11 years after the operation. Late results of the operation were found excellent or good in 89.6% of the patients. To clear up the unsatisfactory results clinical, laboratory, radiological, and endoscopic examinations were carried out. The unsatisfactory results can be explained by biliopancreatic (6.6%), organic extrabiliary (0.7%) and non-organic (1.5%) reasons. The authors emphasize the significance of endoscopic examinations following the surgery of the sphincter in the elucidation of the causes of unsatisfactory results.