10 results on '"University of Leeds"'
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2. Atmospheric composition change - global and regional air quality
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Zbigniew Klimont, H.M. ten Brink, Alexander Baklanov, Paolo Laj, Heidi Huntrieser, Isabelle Bey, James D. Lee, Alex Guenther, Andreas Petzold, Maria Kanakidou, Jan Kaiser, Volker Grewe, Andreas Stohl, D. D. Parrish, E. Fragkou, Paul S. Monks, F. J. Dentener, Owen R. Cooper, Ulrich Pöschl, André S. H. Prévôt, Jens Hjorth, Markku Kulmala, Stefan Reimann, Sandro Fuzzi, S. Generoso, G. R. van der Werf, Michael E. Jenkin, Andreas Hofzumahaus, Martin L. Williams, Nicolas Moussiopoulos, Mark Lawrence, Gregory J. Frost, R. von Glasow, Robert Vautard, J. Theloke, Ch. Vlachokostas, Hans-Christen Hansson, David Simpson, Ulrich Platt, Michela Maione, Hajime Akimoto, Claire Granier, Ivar S. A. Isaksen, Claire E. Reeves, John J. Orlando, Colin D. O'Dowd, Aude Mieville, A. Metzger, Rainer Steinbrecher, Robert S. Blake, Paul Ginoux, Kenneth S. Carslaw, Nicola J. Blake, Catherine Liousse, Karine Sellegri, Yinon Rudich, Urs Baltensperger, Stephan Henne, Vigdis Vestreng, Gordon McFiggans, David Fowler, Paul I. Palmer, Markus Amann, Hydrology and Geo-environmental sciences, Department of Chemistry [Leicester], University of Leicester, Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES), University of Colorado [Boulder]-National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory (ESRL), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), TROPO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Istituto di Scienze dell'Atmosfera e del Clima (ISAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU), Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA), Frontier Research Center for Global Change (FRCGC), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis [Laxenburg] (IIASA), Danish Meteorological Institute (DMI), Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry [Paul Scherrer Institute] (LAC), Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), University of California [Irvine] (UCI), University of California, School of Earth and Environment [Leeds] (SEE), University of Leeds, JRC Institute for Environment and Sustainability (IES), European Commission - Joint Research Centre [Ispra] (JRC), Centre for Ecology and Hydrology [Edinburgh] (CEH), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), NOAA Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL), DLR Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre (IPA), Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt [Oberpfaffenhofen-Wessling] (DLR), National Center for Atmospheric Research [Boulder] (NCAR), Department of Applied Environmental Science [Stockholm] (ITM), Stockholm University, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology [Dübendorf] (EMPA), Institut für Chemie und Dynamik der Geosphäre - Troposphäre (ICG-2), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH | Centre de recherche de Juliers, Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association-Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association, Department of Geosciences [Oslo], Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences [Oslo], University of Oslo (UiO)-University of Oslo (UiO), Center for International Climate and Environmental Research [Oslo] (CICERO), University of Oslo (UiO), Atmospheric Chemistry Services [UK], School of Environmental Sciences [Norwich], University of East Anglia [Norwich] (UEA), Department of Chemistry [Heraklion], University of Crete [Heraklion] (UOC), Department of Physics [Helsinki], Falculty of Science [Helsinki], University of Helsinki-University of Helsinki, Laboratoire de Météorologie Physique (LaMP), Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de glaciologie et géophysique de l'environnement (LGGE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Max-Planck-Institut für Chemie (MPIC), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Department of Chemistry [York, UK], University of York [York, UK], Laboratoire d'aérologie (LAERO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Istituto di Scienze Chimiche 'F. Bruner', Università degli Studi di Urbino 'Carlo Bo', School of Earth, Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences [Manchester] (SEAES), University of Manchester [Manchester], Ionicon Analytik GmbH, Centre for Climate and Air Pollution Studies [Galway] (C-CAPS), National University of Ireland [Galway] (NUI Galway), School of Geosciences [Edinburgh], University of Edinburgh, Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg], Department of Environmental Sciences and Energy Research [Rehovot], Weizmann Institute of Science [Rehovot, Israël], Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung - Atmosphärische Umweltforschung (IMK-IFU), Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Norwegian Meteorological Institute [Oslo] (MET), EMEP Meteorological Synthesizing Centre-West (MSC-W), European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme (EMEP), European Environment Agency (EEA)-European Environment Agency (EEA), Department of Radio and Space Science [Göteborg], Chalmers University of Technology [Göteborg], Energy Research Centre of the Netherlands (ECN), Universität Stuttgart [Stuttgart], VU University Amsterdam, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Extrèmes : Statistiques, Impacts et Régionalisation (ESTIMR), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Norwegian Pollution Control Authority (SFT), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Laboratoire de Météorologie Physique - Clermont Auvergne (LaMP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'aérologie (LA), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Weizmann Institute of Science, Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Vrije universiteit = Free university of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (VU), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), University of California [Irvine] (UC Irvine), University of California (UC), Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki-Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg] = Heidelberg University, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (VU), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
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Atmospheric Science ,environmental chamber data ,Atmosphere Troposphere Air quality Emissions Climate Co-benefit Oxidation chemistry Aerosols Transport of pollutants Ozone ,Ozone ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Meteorology ,[SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes ,Earth science ,Climate change ,Context (language use) ,010501 environmental sciences ,01 natural sciences ,12. Responsible consumption ,transport of pollutants ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,11. Sustainability ,SDG 13 - Climate Action ,Ecosystem ,Air quality index ,climate ,particulate products distribution ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,General Environmental Science ,Aerosols ,[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph] ,Pollutant ,long-range transport ,gas-phase ozonolysis ,Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre ,Atmosphere ,2003 heat-wave ,Troposphere ,emissions ,master chemical mechanism ,15. Life on land ,Trace gas ,pem-tropics-b ,Co-benefit ,marine boundary-layer ,Megacity ,chemistry ,13. Climate action ,Air quality ,Oxidation chemistry ,tropospheric chemistry mechanism ,secondary organic aerosol - Abstract
Air quality transcends all scales with in the atmosphere from the local to the global with handovers and feedbacks at each scale interaction. Air quality has manifold effects on health, ecosystems heritage and, climate. In this review the state of scientific understanding in relation to global and regional air quality is outlined. The review discusses air quality, in terms of emissions, processing and transport of trace gases and aerosols. New insights into the characterization of both natural and anthropogenic emissions are reviewed looking at both natural (e.g. dust and lightning) as well as plant emissions. Trends in anthropogenic emissions both by region and globally are discussed as well as biomass burning emissions. In terms of chemical processing the major air quality elements of ozone, non-methane hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides and aerosols are covered. A number of topics are presented as a way of integrating the process view into the atmospheric context; these include the atmospheric oxidation efficiency, halogen and HOx chemistry, nighttime chemistry, tropical chemistry, heat waves, megacities, biomass burning and the regional hot spot of the Mediterranean. New findings with respect to the transport of pollutants across the scales are discussed, in particular the move to quantify the impact of long-range transport on regional air quality. Gaps and research questions that remain intractable are identified. The review concludes with a focus of research and policy questions for the coming decade. In particular, the policy challenges for concerted air quality and climate change policy (co-benefit) are discussed. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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- 2009
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3. [Psychometric Evaluation of the 'German Neurological Fatigue Index for Multiple Sclerosis (NFI-MS-G)' in a Sample of Rehabilitation Patients with Multiple Sclerosis].
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Seebacher B, Horton MC, Reindl M, Brenneis C, Ehling R, Deisenhammer F, and Mills RJ
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- Humans, Psychometrics methods, Reproducibility of Results, Germany, Language, Fatigue diagnosis, Surveys and Questionnaires, Multiple Sclerosis
- Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to provide a patient-reported outcome measure for people with multiple sclerosis (MS) comprehensively reflecting the construct of fatigue and developed upon the assumptions of the Rasch model. The Neurological Fatigue Index - Multiple Sclerosis (NFI-MS) is based on both a medical and patient-described symptom framework of fatigue and has been validated. Therefore, in this study the German version of the NFI-MS (NFI-MS-G) consisting of a physical and cognitive subscale and a summary scale was validated., Method: In this bi-centre-study, 309 people with MS undergoing outpatient rehabilitation or being≥2 months before or after their inpatient rehabilitation completed the German NFI-MS-G twice within 14-21 days together with other questionnaires. Correlation with established questionnaires and Rasch analysis were used for its validation. Additionally, psychometric properties of known-groups validity, internal consistency, test-retest reliability, measurement precision and readability were tested. Finally, the English NFI-MS and German NFI-MS-G were compared with each other to equate the language versions., Results: The NFI-MS-G showed good internal construct validity, convergent and known-groups validity and internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha 0.84-0.93). The physical subscale showed minor local dependencies between items 1 and 7, 2 and 3 and 4 to 6, that could be treated by combining the respective items to testlets. Unidimensionality was found for the physical and cognitive subscales but not for the summary scale. Replacing the summary scale, a 2-domains subtest measuring the higher-order construct of fatigue was created. Good test-retest reliability (Lin's concordance correlation coefficient of 0.86-0.90) and low floor and ceiling effects were demonstrated. The NFI-MS-G was found easily readable and invariant across groups of gender, age, disease duration, timepoint and centre., Conclusion: The German version of the NFI-MS comprehensively represents the construct of fatigue and has adequate psychometric properties. The German version differs from the English original version with respect to a lack of unidimensionality of the summary scale and minor local dependencies of the physical subscale that could be canceled out using a testlet analysis., Competing Interests: Die Autorinnen/Autoren geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht., (The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial-License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).)
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- 2023
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4. [Spring symposium pathology of the gastrointestinal tract].
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Grabsch HI, Langer R, and Vieth M
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- 2022
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5. [Conservative treatment of periprosthetic humeral fractures years after cemented fracture prostheses : A case series].
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Siekmann H, Bowen TS, Huschak M, Radetzki F, Bauer C, and Walther J
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- Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Humerus, Treatment Outcome, Conservative Treatment, Humeral Fractures therapy, Joint Prosthesis, Periprosthetic Fractures therapy
- Abstract
Background: The exact incidence of postoperative periprosthetic humeral fractures (PPHF) months or years after fracture-related implantation of a hemiprosthesis is unknown. The currently available literature is predominantly concerned with operative treatment approaches. As a rule, these involved older patients and severe fracture conditions so that severe complications and unsatisfactory healing results were described. This article presents an alternative conservative treatment approach which is discussed based on the results of treatment., Patients and Methods: Between 2011 and 2016 a conservative treatment of 5 female patients with PPHF could be carried out. Of the patients 4 were clinically and radiologically controlled at a mean follow-up time of 23 months. The fifth patient died 2 months after the trauma and only partial information of the treatment was available., Result: There were no intrahospital complications and just one posthospital complication. In the case of the patient who later died, repeated and unauthorized removal of the upper arm brace occurred in the nursing institution resulting in a lesion of the radial nerve. Of the four patients who completed treatment, three were very satisfied with the outcome of treatment. The mean DASH (Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder and Hand) and Oxford shoulder scores were on average 74 and 25 points, respectively. At the time of the follow-up examination all patients were free of pain, without the use of analgesics; however, there were still some limitations in the activities of daily life, which in three of the four patients was similar to the results following implantation of the fracture prosthesis., Conclusion: The conservative treatment of PPHF can be a safe treatment option in multimorbid and chronically ill patients. A close outpatient control and good patient compliance are important. In incompliant and dementia patients, the risk of failure of conservative treatment is increased.
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- 2020
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6. [Interventions to support self-management in cancer pain].
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ElMokhallalati Y, Mulvey MR, and Bennett MI
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- Humans, Pain Management methods, Cancer Pain therapy, Self-Management
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- 2019
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7. [Limb salvage and amputation after trauma : Decision criteria and management algorithm].
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Krettek C, Lerner A, Giannoudis P, Willy C, and Müller CW
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- Humans, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Treatment Outcome, United States epidemiology, Algorithms, Amputation, Surgical statistics & numerical data, Clinical Decision-Making methods, Leg Injuries epidemiology, Leg Injuries surgery, Salvage Therapy statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
The clinical decision-making process for patients with severe trauma of the extremities for primary amputation or to initiate extensive reconstructive measures for limb salvage in the best interests of the patient can be complex and difficult. The many factors influencing the decision-making process, such as local anatomical, pathomechanical, physiological, psychosocial and general factors are demonstrated and discussed. In the past, the role of scores supporting the decision-making process for amputation or limb salvage has been overestimated. In the LEAP study it could clearly be demonstrated that none of the sometimes highly complex scores could fulfill the expectations to predict successful limb salvage or the need for amputation. In this article it is shown that initiators and authors of scores achieved much higher sensitivity and specificity in the inaugural studies compared to the standardized and controlled conditions used in the LEAP study. For a long time, a lack of feeling in the feet was considered a safe and reliable criterion for amputation but the LEAP study has made a substantial contribution to demythologizing this as a lead symptom. Patients with severe trauma of the ankle or foot requiring a free flap or ankle arthrodesis have a significantly worse outcome compared to patients with a below knee amputation. Taking all these influencing factors into consideration, a comprehensive algorithm is presented that facilitates, strengthens and standardizes decision-making for amputation or limb salvage. This algorithm consists of four modules: 1) decision-making, 2) emergency treatment, 3) definitive treatment and 4) fine tuning. In the decision-making module not only local and general injury severity are addressed but the expected result, the general condition, comorbidities, compliance and the will of the patient are also included.
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- 2016
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8. [Better Reporting of Interventions: Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) Checklist and Guide].
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Hoffmann TC, Glasziou PP, Boutron I, Milne R, Perera R, Moher D, Altman DG, Barbour V, Macdonald H, Johnston M, Lamb SE, Dixon-Woods M, McCulloch P, Wyatt JC, Chan AW, and Michie S
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- Algorithms, Evidence-Based Medicine, Forms and Records Control standards, Germany, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Checklist standards, Disease Management, Documentation standards, Guideline Adherence standards, Outcome Assessment, Health Care standards, Records standards
- Abstract
Without a complete published description of interventions, clinicians and patients cannot reliably implement interventions that are shown to be useful, and other researchers cannot replicate or build on research findings. The quality of description of interventions in publications, however, is remarkably poor. To improve the completeness of reporting, and ultimately the replicability, of interventions, an international group of experts and stakeholders developed the Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) checklist and guide. The process involved a literature review for relevant checklists and research, a Delphi survey of an international panel of experts to guide item selection, and a face-to-face panel meeting. The resultant 12-item TIDieR checklist (brief name, why, what (materials), what (procedure), who intervened, how, where, when and how much, tailoring, modifications, how well (planned), how well (actually carried out)) is an extension of the CONSORT 2010 statement (item 5) and the SPIRIT 2013 statement (item 11). While the emphasis of the checklist is on trials, the guidance is intended to apply across all evaluative study designs. This paper presents the TIDieR checklist and guide, with a detailed explanation of each item, and examples of good reporting. The TIDieR checklist and guide should improve the reporting of interventions and make it easier for authors to structure the accounts of their interventions, reviewers and editors to assess the descriptions, and readers to use the information., (© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.)
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- 2016
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9. [Robotic colorectal surgery: current status and future developments].
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Jayne D
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- Case-Control Studies, Colonoscopy trends, Equipment Design, Evidence-Based Medicine, Forecasting, Germany, Humans, Inventions, Laparoscopy instrumentation, Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures trends, Robotics trends, Treatment Outcome, Colonoscopy instrumentation, Colorectal Neoplasms surgery, Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures instrumentation, Robotics instrumentation
- Abstract
Robotic assistance has the potential to compensate for the limitations inherent in standard laparoscopic surgery. The daVinci® surgical system remains the only currently available commercial robotic system. It has found popularity in rectal cancer surgery where its application has consistently been shown to reduce the need to convert to open surgery. With this exception, the technological advances of the robotic system have not so far translated into any reproducible patient benefit. The first part of this manuscript presents an overview of the current daVinci® platform, its applications, the evidence base and future developments in colorectal surgery. The second part of the manuscript looks at other robot systems in development and the different innovations and strategies taken to advance minimally invasive surgery.The English full-text version of this article is available at SpringerLink (under supplemental).
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- 2013
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10. [Biomechanical aspects of human joints].
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Wright V
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- Biomechanical Phenomena, Humans, Knee Joint physiopathology, Ligaments, Articular physiopathology, Menisci, Tibial physiopathology, Osteoarthritis physiopathology, Arthritis physiopathology, Joints physiopathology
- Abstract
The value of biomechanical studies of human joints is illustrated. The investigation of stiffness of joints has suggested that subjective stiffness is more likely to be related to limitation of movement of a joint than to increased physical stiffness. A knee analyser has been constructed to measure ligamentous and meniscal damage. Ligament replacement has been successfully achieved in the pig and in man by using a woven polyester tube. The load-bearing function of the menisci has been clearly demonstrated, explaining a relationship found in studies of parachutists and physical education teachers between meniscectomy and osteoarthrosis of the knee. The biomechanical reasons for a partial meniscectomy in the treatment of a bucket-handle tear have been shown. Support for the Leeds biomechanical hypothesis for the development of osteoarthrosis has been provided from mechanical studies of cartilage at the patello-femoral joint and at the ankle.
- Published
- 1987
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