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Behçet's syndrome (BS, synonym: Behçet's disease, or Adamantiades-Behçet's disease, ABD) is classified as a vasculitis of variable vessel size and can manifest itself in both arterial and venous vessels. Its extensive and at the same time interindividually very different clinical picture is not uncommon a challenge, both with regard to the diagnosis of this rheumatic systemic disease, which is rather rare in our latitudes, and its therapeutic options. In addition to the four cardinal symptoms of recurrent oral aphthae, genital aphthae, skin and eye lesions, the clinical picture offers numerous other manifestations which often require interdisciplinary cooperation. In addition to the above mentioned ocular involvement, which can still lead to blindness if inadequately treated, this is especially true for intestinal and cerebral manifestations as well as for large vessel vasculitis.A final revision of the European League Against Rheumatism recommendations for the management of Behcet's syndrome (EULAR) was made in 2018, and the recommendations are now established internationally as an important treatment guide. Therapy is based on the leading organ involvement. After adalimumab received approval for the treatment of posterior ocular involvement in 2016, another agent, apremilast, became available in 2020. The drug is recommended for the treatment of recurrent oral aphthae in adult Behçet's patients requiring systemic therapy. Nevertheless, there is a further need for new drugs.This article aims to highlight recent findings in the areas of epidemiology, immunopathogenesis & genetics, clinical findings, and therapy, with an emphasis on clinical relevance., Competing Interests: TX: Vortrags- und Beratertätigkeit von AMGEN und Reisekostenerstattung durch Abbvie. JCH: Vortragstätigkeit und Reisekostenerstattung von Abbvie., (Thieme. All rights reserved.)

Behçet's syndrome (BS, synonym: Behçet's disease, or Adamantiades-Behçet's disease, ABD) is classified as a vasculitis of variable vessel size and can manifest itself in both arterial and venous vessels. Its extensive and at the same time interindividually very different clinical picture is not uncommon a challenge, both with regard to the diagnosis of this rheumatic systemic disease, which is rather rare in our latitudes, and its therapeutic options. In addition to the four cardinal symptoms of recurrent oral aphthae, genital aphthae, skin and eye lesions, the clinical picture offers numerous other manifestations which often require interdisciplinary cooperation. In addition to the above mentioned ocular involvement, which can still lead to blindness if inadequately treated, this is especially true for intestinal and cerebral manifestations as well as for large vessel vasculitis.A final revision of the European League Against Rheumatism recommendations for the management of Behcet's syndrome (EULAR) was made in 2018, and the recommendations are now established internationally as an important treatment guide. Therapy is based on the leading organ involvement. After adalimumab received approval for the treatment of posterior ocular involvement in 2016, another agent, apremilast, became available in 2020. The drug is recommended for the treatment of recurrent oral aphthae in adult Behçet's patients requiring systemic therapy. Nevertheless, there is a further need for new drugs.This article aims to highlight recent findings in the areas of epidemiology, immunopathogenesis & genetics, clinical findings, and therapy, with an emphasis on clinical relevance., Competing Interests: TX: Vortrags- und Beratertätigkeit von AMGEN und Reisekostenerstattung durch Abbvie. JCH: Vortragstätigkeit und Reisekostenerstattung von Abbvie., (Thieme. All rights reserved.)

Competing Interests: Die Autorinnen/Autoren geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

Competing Interests: Die Autorinnen/Autoren geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

Behçet's syndrome (BS) is classified as a variable vessel vasculitis. The clinical picture is very diverse and usually requires interdisciplinary collaboration. Pathogenetically, BS seems to take a middle position between a polygenic autoinflammatory disease and an autoimmune disease. New EULAR recommendations were issued in 2018. The therapy depends on which organs are most affected. Since 2016, adalimumab has been approved for the treatment of posterior ocular involvement. Infliximab, interferon a2a, interleukin-1 antagonists and apremilast may be alternative therapies., Competing Interests: Th. Xenitidis:1) Abbvie: Vortragstätigkeit, Unterstützung bezüglich Kongressteilnahme2) Celgene: Unterstützung bezüglich KongressteilnahmeJ. C. Henes:1) Celgene: Unterstützung bezüglich Kongressteilnahme, (© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.)

Competing Interests: Disclosure The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work.

Case Report: This article presents an overview of the typical clinical and imaging features of relapsing polychondritis (RP), a rare autoimmune disease, based on a case report, Conclusion: Although the diagnosis is mainly established clinically, the use of (18)F fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography ((18)F-FDG-PET/CT) has been proven to be a useful diagnostic tool to accurately determine the extent of inflammation throughout the body [corrected]. Furthermore (18)F-FDG-PET/CT provides a high sensitivity for detection of a relapse, especially when clinical and laboratory results are inconclusive. Additionally, (18)F-FDG-PET/CT helps to assess disease activity during the course of therapy.