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Because of the higher average temperature and more frequent spring and summer drought associated with climate change, water becomes an increasingly limiting factor for agricultural crop production. At the Institute for Crop and Soil Science of the Julius Kühn-Institut (JKI), several experiments with the production factor water have been carried out during recent years. The most important results of some selected experiments are briefly described in this publication: (I) water requirement of energy maize, (II) influence of water supply on interspecific competition in mixed cropping, (III) comparison of drought tolerance of maize and sorghum, (IV) extreme scenario for drought stress in winter cereals, (V) canopy temperature as a biological indicator for the crop water status and (VI) water uptake, water use efficiency and biomass yield of cup plant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]