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Copyright of HNO is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Der Ophthalmologe is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Epidemiology: The number of brain injuries in Germany is estimated to be between 160,000 and 240,000, including 8000-16,000 severe brain injuries. Aim of therapy: The aim of prehospital and hospital treatment is to reduce the sequelae of so-called second brain injury. Treatment of severe brain injury: Treatment of severe brain injury under the responsibility of worker's compensation boards is limited to authorized centers providing 24 h neurosurgical and computer tomographic services. Space occupying intracranial hematomas and open brain injuries with impressed skull fractures or parenchymal lesions may need emergency surgical treatment. ICU treatment focuses on intracranial pressure (ICP) and cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP), as well as avoidance of hypoxia and hypotension. Prognosis: In cases of adequate therapy, the outcome of severe brain injury patients is critical with a mortality rate of 30-40 % and good results in 10-20 % of patients only. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Patients with traumatic brain injury need neurosurgical care throughout the treatment process. The acute phase is dominated by evacuation of intracranial hematomas and the treatment of penetrating injuries, depressed skull fractures and soft tissue damage. Neurosurgical procedures of the second (intensive care unit) phase are implantation of intracerebral sensors for brain pressure and tissue oxygen (ptO) and decompressive craniectomy to treat intracranial pressure and progressive intracerebral hematomas (contusions). Neurosurgical procedures of the third phase are mostly of a reconstructive nature. Frontobasal injuries with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage necessitate subfrontal intradural reconstruction and coverage of the skull base, skull defects need closure by freehand or CAD-constructed implants and hydrocephalus requires implantation of ventriculo-peritoneal shunts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Trauma und Berufskrankheit is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Cochlear implantation is a safe surgical procedure with low complication rates. In particular, intracranial complications are rare. We present the case of a patient with difficult anatomical relations, which led to injury of the sigmoid sinus during cochlear implantation. Thrombosis and intracerebral hemorrhage followed. The diagnostic steps and treatment of these complications are explained in this case report.

Amusement park injuries have become more common in recent years. Especially neurological symptoms dominate clinical findings. In this article, the case of a 15-year-old child with homonymous hemianopia due to an atypical intracranial bleeding with subdural hematoma after a giant swing ride is described for the first time.