30 results on '"limnology"'
Search Results
2. Dynamik der Schilfröhrichte am Bodensee unter dem Einfluss von Wasserstandsvariationen.
- Author
-
Dienst, Michael, Schmieder, Klaus, and Ostendorp, Wolfgang
- Subjects
LIMNOLOGY ,AERIAL photographs ,LAKE ecology ,PLANTS ,PHRAGMITES - Abstract
Abstract: On the basis of different sets of aerial photos the dynamics of the reed bed areas of Lake Constance were investigated in relation to the dynamics of the water levels. The objectives of the study were to quantify the changes of reed areas due to different flood events in the last decades and their recovery in the time periods between these events. The results should given information of the relevance of water level variations on reed bed dynamics and the regeneration times of reed beds after extreme disturbance events. Following the extreme flood at Lake Constance in 1999 the reed belts of Lake Constance lost approximately 30 ha (24%) of the lakeside reed beds. The loss is comparable to the situation in the late 1960s, when approximately 40 ha died back due to the extreme flood in 1965 and the high spring water levels in the subsequent years. In the time period between the extreme floods of 1965 and 1999, the reed areas expanded to nearly 85% of the area before 1965. The expansion rates increased with increasing distance to the flood event of 1965. Especially in periods with series of years of low spring water level the expansion rates were high. The damage degrees of the reed areas in the years 2000 and 2002 showed a clear relation to the elevation (i.e. average water level) of the stands. The damage degree increased with decreasing elevation. Furthermore the regeneration process of severely damaged stands was related to the elevation level of the stands. Whereas stands at high elevation regenerate fast, those at low elevation died off completely in the years after the extreme flood. This supports the hypothesis that the water level flutuations play a major role in the reed dynamics of Lake Constance. As a consequence of the climate change an increase in the frequency of high spring water levels is expected. Thus, it seems unlikely that reed stands will ever expand again to the same area as before 1965. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Bruthabitatmodellierung für den Drosselrohrsänger (Acrocephalus arundinaceus L.) als Bestandteil eines integrativen Managementsystems für Seeufer.
- Author
-
Woithon, Annette and Schmieder, Klaus
- Subjects
LIMNOLOGY ,WETLANDS ,REED warblers ,PHRAGMITES ,NATURE conservation - Abstract
Abstract: Within the context of the European legislative (e.g. Water Framework Directive, Natura 2000 network) monitoring and assessment of wetland areas are of great significance. This research points out the relevance of spatially explicit habitat models as an essential part of a decision support system for lake shore management. The Great Reed Warbler (Acrocephalus arundinaceus L.) was selected as a key species of aquatic reed structures. Many results of investigation about breeding behaviour of this German Red List species are available. The factors of selecting a breeding range were modelled in a Geographic Information System (GIS) using indices that quantify the corresponding spatial characteristics of patches in the ecosystem (e.g. shape complexity or distance to other vegetation structures). A habitat suitability map was created for a nature conservation area at Lake Constance, Germany. The observed breeding places in the investigation area showed a great coincidence with the modelled habitat ranges. This modelling approach of integrating spatial indicators is an important basis to provide automated monitoring systems based on remote sensing methods. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Morphodynamik am Mehrerauer Seeufer (Bodensee).
- Author
-
Schulz, Marcus
- Subjects
LIMNOLOGY ,LAKE ecology ,LAKE plants ,FORGET-me-nots ,SEDIMENTOLOGY - Abstract
Copyright of Limnologica is the property of Elsevier GmbH, Urban & Fischer Verlag and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Die Auswirkungen der Wasserstände am Bodensee auf das Deschampsietum rhenanae zwischen 1989 und 2003.
- Author
-
Strang, Irene and Dienst, Michael
- Subjects
LIMNOLOGY ,LAKE ecology ,LAKE plants ,WATER levels ,HYDRAULIC measurements - Abstract
Abstract: The Deschampsietum rhenanae is an endemic and endangered lakeshore community growing in the upper littoral of Lake Constance, the occurrence of which has been reduced dramatically during the last 100 years. The existence of this community depends on the seasonal water level changes of the unregulated, prealpine Lake Constance. Long-term monitoring indicates that the typical species of the Deschampsietum rhenanae and their competitors may be strongly affected by extreme water levels. An earlier onset of the water level increase in spring could potentially pose a threat to the Deschampsietum rhenanae, especially if the water level rises before seed ripening in the Deschampsietum rhenanae. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Der Kohlendioxid-Gehalt und die Kalzitsättigung der Ilm, einschließlich einiger Vergleichsuntersuchungen im Thüringer Raum.
- Author
-
Proft, Gottfried
- Subjects
LIMNOLOGY ,CARBON dioxide ,WATER analysis ,GROUNDWATER - Abstract
Abstract: The CO
2 content, air saturation and calcite equilibrium of the River Ilm and some of its tributaries were analysed. CO2 content was measured by degasing the CO2 from water. The CO2 level is a very sensitive indicator for a low pollution in oxygen saturated waters. Clean running waters have a CO2 content close to the air saturation of 0.1–0.3 mg C l−1 . Ground water and springs are rich in CO2 . Polluted waters are characterised by higher CO2 contents, also organic pollution can result in high values of CO2 . Carbon dioxide concentration of streams and brooks is limited by re-aeration. The headwater region (softwater) of the River Ilm is unsaturated, the hard water in the middle- and underflow is oversaturated. In summer and autumn high saturation could be found, but without autochthonous calcite precipitation like in hard water lakes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Verteilung und Wanderung von Neunaugen im Elbeästuar (Deutschland).
- Author
-
Thiel, Ralf and Salewski, Volker
- Subjects
LIMNOLOGY ,LAMPREYS ,ESTUARIES - Abstract
Abstract: From March 1989 until May 1995 overall 675 hauls were performed using a commercial stow net vessel to get information concerning spatial and seasonal distribution, length frequency distribution, stock situation and migration patterns of lampreys in the Elbe estuary in northern Germany. 2217 river lampreys (Lampetra fluviatilis) and 10 sea lampreys (Petromyzon marinus) were caught during the whole study period. The river lamprey occurred in 40.3% of the performed stow net hauls. The catch success was highest in the western main channel, whereas the frequency of occurrence of river lampreys was only about 10.9% at the most upstream site in the southern marginal area. In 1989 and 1990 significantly more than 50% of the hauls contained river lampreys. In contrast, from 1991 to 1995 their frequency of occurrence was lower than 40%, in 1991 even lower than 20%. Sea lampreys occurred only at 6 from 9 sampled sites and were only observed in 1990 and 1992–1994. Total lengths of river lampreys varied between 7 and 46 cm. Based on the length frequency distribution, the following three size classes of river lampreys were separated: LF I (7 to 16 cm), LF II (17–26 cm) and LF III (27–46 cm). The majority of the caught individuals could be grouped in size class LF III. Total lengths of sea lampreys ranged between 69 and 85 cm and were restricted to only one size class (PM III). 70% of all sea lampreys were caught in April and May. Most of the sea lampreys were observed in the eastern main channel. The maximum average abundance of river lampreys was observed with 6.75 Ind · m
−3 · 10−6 in the same area in 1992. However, in 1993 and 1994 the highest average abundances of river lampreys occurred in the western main channel. Based on redundance analysis, a significant correlation between the abundances of lampreys and the environmental variables autumn, spring, summer, salinity, water temperature, grain size, new moon and first moon quarter was found. The downstream migrating river lampreys of size class LF I und the sea lampreys during their anadromous spawning migration showed highest abundances mainly in spring, whereas high abundances of river lampreys of size class LF II in the feeding phase occurred in summer. The presence of both size classes LF I and LF II confirms the successful reproduction of river lampreys in the catchment area of the Elbe. The observation of river lampreys of size class LF III during their anadromous spawning migration was closely correlated with the variable autumn. A spring spawning migration of river lampreys was not observed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Eignen sich Fallen zur repräsentativen Erfassung aquatischer Meiofauna im hyporheischen Interstitial und im Grundwasser?
- Author
-
Hahn, Hans Jürgen
- Subjects
LIMNOLOGY ,MEIOFAUNA ,INTERSTITIAL animals ,AQUATIC invertebrates ,ANIMAL traps - Abstract
Copyright of Limnologica is the property of Elsevier GmbH, Urban & Fischer Verlag and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Im Blick zurück ein Schritt nach vorn: ein Beitrag zum Verhältnis von Limnologie und Geschichte.
- Author
-
Schwarz, Astrid E.
- Subjects
HISTORY ,ECOLOGY ,ENVIRONMENTAL sciences ,LIMNOLOGY ,SCIENCE - Abstract
Abstract: Most scientists tend to ignore the history of their own discipline, at best it occurs as a sort of ‘big names history’. History is thought to be useless or at least irrelevant for the own scientific work. In the following it is questioned, whether this is an indispensable assumption of productive and progressive science. Some propositions will be discussed, what a positive historical perspective could mean for the current limnological research. It is claimed that it could be not only interesting but even exciting for limnologists to deal with their own history. One important argument is that limnology not only has a history but also is history: the ‘discovery’ of new methods, theories, concepts and instruments depends on the forgoing. Consequently, scientific progress is related to the history and progress of a particular discipline. This means in same time that the historical reflection could be an important issue to a more complete ‘explanation’ and understanding of this progress. Another reason to overcome the traditional separation into actual and historical knowledge and acting could be the hybrid character of ecology. In ecology, and consequently also in limnology, several elements of opposite scientific methodologies are merged together. Therefore the discussions on the saprobial system, an ecosystem ‘lake’ and the ‘microbial loop’ differ fundamentally. Turned positively it means that limnology should be skilled in handling with different systems of knowledge. This skills should be accessible by approaching the own history in a selfconcious way. Of course the internal view alone is not sufficient to write a history of the discipline, which aims to demonstrate the movement of progress, the relation between science and society as well as science and technics. Its history must be studied from the perspective and with the methods of the history and philosophy of science. In doing so there should be a common objective for historians and scientists that is the amelioration of the science ‘limnology’. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Kohlendioxid-Messungen in einem Durchfluß-Meßsystem mit einem neu entwickelten CO2-Sensor am Beispiel eines Hartwassersees (Willersinnweiher, Ludwigshafen am Rhein).
- Author
-
Schmid, Johannes, Oelßner, Wolfram, and Schukraft, Gerd
- Subjects
CARBON dioxide ,LAKES ,DETECTORS ,WATER ,LIMNOLOGY - Abstract
Abstract: The concentrations of free dissolved carbon dioxide in lake water were measured with a newly developed CO
2 sensor, which was installed in a through-flow measurement system. The results of measurements demonstrate the CO2 dynamics in lake Willersinnweiher. The CO2 concentrations showed a correlation with the oxidation of CH4 in the metalimnion and caused shifts in the carbonate system, thus affecting the autochthonous precipitation and dissolution of calcite. From the results of measurement appears that the CO2 sensor is capable of very exact measurements of dissolved free CO2 in lake water. At the same time, the parameter is easily determined in the field without large expenditures. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]- Published
- 2002
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Closterium cornu Ehrenb. ex Ralfs var. lundellii (Lagerh.) Willi Krieg. 1935 (Desmidiaceae) — eine Taxon-Revision.
- Author
-
Müller, Marliese
- Subjects
DESMIDIACEAE ,BIOLOGICAL classification ,CLASSIFICATION ,LIMNOLOGY ,AQUATIC sciences - Abstract
Abstract: The uncertain systematic placing of the desmid taxon Closterium cornu var. lundellii (nomenclature in modern identification books) is discussed by evaluation of the morphological data of a zygospore-forming population in comparison with vegetative cells of two populations of Cl. cornu and a zygospore-forming population of Cl. gracile. The distinctive features of vegetative cells and zygospores give evidence for independent species status of the discussed taxon, not for that of variety of the species Cl. cornu or Cl. gracile. Therefore return to classification Closterium lundellii Lagerh. 1883 is required. Further, the first detailed description of Closterium lundellii, both vegetative cells and zygospores, is given, illustrated and proved by drawings and scanned microphotographs. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2002
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Grid-mapping Hellas Planitia, Mars – Insights into distribution, evolution and geomorphology of (peri)-glacial, fluvial and lacustrine landforms in Mars' deepest basin
- Author
-
Ernst Hauber, Martin Voelker, Franziska Schulzeck, and Ralf Jaumann
- Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Hellas Planitia ,Glaciology ,Fluvial ,Mars ,Terrain ,Structural basin ,01 natural sciences ,Impact crater ,0103 physical sciences ,Limnology ,Glacial period ,010303 astronomy & astrophysics ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,geography ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,Landform ,Noachian ,Astronomy and Astrophysics ,Geophysics ,Mars Exploration Program ,Planetengeologie ,Space and Planetary Science ,Physical geography ,Grid-mapping ,Hydrology ,Geology - Abstract
Traditional maps of Hellas Planitia, the most prominent impact basin on Mars, have focused on the delineation of continuous surface units. We applied the newly developed grid-mapping method in order to quantitatively analyze the distribution and geostatistics of selected (peri)-glacial, fluvial, and lacustrine landforms. The study area was subdivided in grid cells with a mesh size of 20 × 20 km, and more than 10,000 grids have been inspected manually in a GIS environment at a mapping scale of 1:30,000. Each grid has been checked for the presence or absence of a landform. Thus, we were able to statistically evaluate the geographical behavior of landforms with respect to elevation, slope inclination, aspect, and other parameters. We searched for 24 pre-selected landforms. However, only 15 of them had a sufficient abundance for scientific research. Whereas the latitude-dependent mantle is widespread in most of Hellas, it was found to be mostly missing in the northeastern part, likely a result of desiccating winds circulating clockwise within the basin. The location and morphologic expression of scalloped terrain also seems to be influenced by winds, as the local orientation of scalloped depressions appears to be aligned along the dominant wind direction, indicating that insolation is not the only factor controlling their formation. Hellas Planitia has been suggested as the site of a former sea. We also searched each grid for the presence of possible shorelines. Despite the small scale of our mapping, no clear evidence for coastal landforms has been detected. Our results reveal a distinctive asymmetry with respect to fluvial channels and Noachian light-toned sediments along the rim of the impact basin. While the northern rim shows a high density of both channels and sediments, the southern counterpart basically lacks channels and light-toned deposits. We suggest different climatic conditions for this imbalance, as the northern part of Hellas likely experienced higher temperatures throughout most of Mars' evolution, while the colder conditions at the southern rim may have prohibited aqueous processes, preventing the development of channels and related sediments. As Hellas contains the deepest areas of the planet's surface, and thus the highest air pressure, its climatic environment can exceed the triple point of water until today, making it a potential habitat. However, our results have shown that the basin floor displays only a very low density of landforms that may indicate liquid water and ice, and especially gullies and viscous-flow features are scarce. The high air pressure and relatively mild temperatures in Hellas decrease the relative atmospheric water content, resulting in a desiccated air and soil, and hence, may explain the lack of viscous-flow features and gullies. All these findings extended our knowledge not only of Hellas Planitia, but of the screened landforms themselves too. In conclusion, small-scale grid-mapping made it possible to recognize large-scale patterns and distributions in Hellas Planitia.
- Published
- 2017
13. Frühe Ökologie im wissenschaftlichen und kulturellen Kontext
- Author
-
Schwarz, Astrid E., Trepl, L. (Prof. Dr.), Schwoerbel, J. (Prof. Dr.), and Pörksen, U. (Prof. Dr.)
- Subjects
Biowissenschaften, Biologie ,Wissenschaftsgeschichte ,Wissenschaftstheorie ,Forschungsprogramm ,Metapher ,Bildfeld ,Mikrokosmos ,Energie ,Nische ,Physiognomik ,Ökologie ,Limnologie ,Ozeanographie ,See ,Fluss ,Medium ,Gestalt ,19. Jahrhundert ,Moderne ,Dialektik ,Triade ,ddc:570 ,History of Science ,Philosophy ,Ecology ,Limnology ,Oceanography ,metaphor ,gestalt ,19th century ,Modern Times ,dialectic ,researchmetaphor ,research ,program ,microcosm ,niche ,energy ,medium ,lake ,river ,Physiognomy ,sound ,triade ,Naturwissenschaften ,ddc:500 - Abstract
Die Ökologie gilt als eine heterogene und diffuse Disziplin, ihr wird vorgeworfen, dass sie widersprüchliche Theorien und mehrdeutige Begriffe enthalte. Um diese Uneindeutigkeiten in der Ökologie - ihre hybride Wissensrepräsentation - analysieren zu können, entwickelte ich eine Methodik, die den Gegenstand auf verschiedenen Ebenen aus mehreren Perspektiven in den Blick nehmen sollte. Ergebnis dieses Vorgehens ist, daß in dieser Arbeit eine Geschichte der Ökologie geschrieben wurde, die sich selbst permanent in wissenschaftstheoretischen und insbesondere sprachwissenschaftlichen Reflexionen kommentiert. Mit ihren widersprüchlichen und uneinheitlichen Begriffen und Methoden steht die Ökologie weder isoliert im Fächerkanon - auch beispielsweise die Sprachwissenschaft, die Geographie oder die Soziologie gelten als heterogene Disziplinen - noch ist sie ein historischer Sonderfall oder ein vorübergehendes Phänomen. Vielmehr handelt es sich bei dieser Konstruktion der Gleichzeitigkeit von Einheit und Differenz um ein epochenspezifisches Merkmal der Moderne. Die Ökologie kann als Modell einer Wissenschaft aufgefasst werden, die scheinbar unvereinbare Positionen widerspruchsfrei zu integrieren vermag. In dieser Arbeit wird eine rationale Rekonstruktion der Ökologiegeschichte verfolgt, die, auf der objekttheoretischen Ebene, eine Lösung des skizzierten Dilemmas der Uneindeutigkeit in der Ökologie durch die Triadisierung des grundbegrifflichen Ansatzes vorschlägt. Es werden drei Basiskonzepte - "Nische", "Mikrokosmos", "Energie" - entwickelt und verbunden in einer oszillierenden Bewegung, angetrieben durch den wissenschaftlichen "Fortschritt". Auf der Basis dieser Konstruktion kann die Ökologie als eine dynamische Einheit aufgefasst werden, verklammert in der permanenten Oszillation dreier Basiskonzepte. Die Ergebnisse einer empirischen Wort-und Bildfeldanalyse stützen diese Triade auch auf der sprachlichen Ebene. Ausser in der Bildfeldanalyse werden Metaphern auch eingesetzt als analytisches Instrument und zwar in der theoretischen Konzeption der "interaktiven Metapher". "Durch" die Konstruktionslogik dieser Metapherntheorie wird das "uneindeutige Dritte" in der Ökologie analysiert, was ausführlich an der Metapher "Mikrokosmos See" diskutiert wird. Diese Metapher enthält nicht nur den inhaltlichen Gesamtentwurf des Faches respektive Forschungsprogramms, den Blick auf "das Ganze" lenkend, an ihr kann auch die "Methode" der Ökologie beispielhaft entwickelt werden, d.i. die Konstruktion der Einheit in der Differenz. Des weiteren gilt der Entstehung der aquatischen Ökologie als Naturwissenschaft aus ihren naturhistorischen Anfängen heraus besondere Aufmerksamkeit. Mit der "Belebung der Wasserwüsten" wird die Geschichte der Entdeckung des modernen Wasserraumes erzählt, der gleichzeitig "abstrakte" und "konkrete" Natur ist. Darin unterscheidet sich die aquatische wesentlich von der terrestrischen Ökologie, in der die Gegenstandskonstituierung überwiegend in einer "konkreten" Natur stattfindet. Dass auch die aquatische Ökologie nicht ohne die "erschaute" Natur auskommt, wird - wiederum am "Mikrokosmos See" - gezeigt. Hier werden auch die Unterschiede innerhalb des Wasserraumes, nämlich zwischen marinem und limnischem Raum, diskutiert. Am See als "Medium und Gestalt" wird die Bedeutung dieses Wandels für die Epistemologie des Sees im 19. Jahrhundert diskutiert, der letztlich zur Auffassung vom See als "Organismus" und wenig später als "System" führte. Der Weg vom "Mikrokosmos See" zum funktionalen "Ökosystem See" erweist sich konstruktionslogisch als erstaunlich kurz. Den historischen Teil der Arbeit beendend, werden Überlegungen zum instrumentellen Erkenntnisinteresse in der frühen Ökologie angestellt. Unter den Stichworten "nationales Wassernetz" und "Modell See" wird dies an der Entwicklung der Wasserforschung in der Schweiz, der ökologischen "Avantgarde" am Ende des 19. Jahrhunderts, beispielhaft ausgeführt. Abschliessend sei bemerkt, dass die vorliegende "Kapitel-Ordnung" der Arbeit nicht gleichzeitig die "Lese-Ordnung" vorgibt. Jene Teile, in denen "Geschichte geschrieben" wird, können unabhängig von wissenschaftstheoretischen und sprachempirischen Teilen gelesen werden - und umgekehrt. Ecology is considered to be a diffuse and heterogenous discipline. It is said to comprise inconsistent theories and ambiguous concepts. In searching for a valid approach, I decided to develop my ideas on this "ambiguity" (Uneindeutigkeit) in ecology - its hybrid representation of knowledge - on several analytical levels. The resulting study seeks to write a history of ecology, which comments itself by permanently highlighting different perspectives of its object, alternately guided by either a more philosophical, historical or linguistical interest. Concerning the inconsistency and diversity of concepts and methods, ecology stands neither isolated in the canon of disciplines - for linguistics, geography or sociology are also considered to be heterogenous disciplines - nor is it historically a special case or a temporary phenomenon. Rather, this kind of construction of the coincidence of unity and difference turns out to be a specific attribute of modern times. Ecology can be understood as a model of a science, which integrates such seemingly inconsistent positions. With this study a rational reconstruction of the history of ecology is pursued that suggests an answer to the outlined dilemma of undefinedness by the "triadisation" of the basic conceptual approach. Three basic concepts, "energy", "niche", "microcosm", have been elaborated and linked in an oscillating movement, which is driven by the so-called scientific progress. On the basic of this construction, ecology can be considered as a dynamic unity of three linked and permanently oscillating basic concepts. The results of an empirical linguistical analysis (Wort-/Bildfeld-Analyse) support the triadic approach also on the linguistic level. In addition to their function in the "Bildfelder", metaphors are also used as analytical instruments. In doing so, the ambiguity of the linguistic element "metaphor", caused by its logical construction, is used to analyse the "undefined third" in ecology. This procedure, following the theory of interactive metaphor, is developed and discussed on the basis of the metaphor "the lake is a microcosm". As could be shown, the metaphor comprises not only the project of the discipline respectively research programm, directing the view to "the whole". Beyond that the metaphor allows to develop exemplary the "method" of ecology, that is the construction of a unity in difference. Furthermore, special attention is given to the reconstruction of the origin of aquatic ecology as a science considering its various roots in natural history. With the "animation of the aquatic desert", the history of the discovery of the modern aquatic space, which is at same time "abstract" and "concrete" nature, is told. In this respect aquatic and terrestric ecology are very different, because in the latter the objects are almost exclusively constructed in "concrete" nature. The fact, that aquatic ecology cannot surmount this "viewed" nature is demonstrated once more in respect of the "microcosm lake". Here, the differences between aquatic spaces, i.e. between marine and limnic space, are discussed. Finally, the creation of the "new" lake at the end of 19th century is discussed by sketching the lake as "medium and gestalt", which gives rise to the lake as a kind of "wholeness", as well as an "organism" and above all as a "system". It turns out that the line between the "microcosm lake" and the functional "ecosystem lake" is remarkebly short in respect of its logical construction. The closing of the second part compiles some reflections on the instrumental interest of knowledge (instrumentelles Erkenntnisinteresse) in early ecology. These reflections are explained under the headings "national water system" and "model lake" by documenting the development of water research in Switzerland, the ecological "avant-garde" at the end of 19th century. Last but not least, it has to be mentioned that the presented "order of chapters" does not intend to dictate the "order of lecture". Those parts that are "written history" can be read independently from the epistemological and lingustical parts - and vice versa.
- Published
- 2005
14. Ökologische Bewertung voralpiner Kleinseen an Hand von Diatomeen, Makrophyten und der Nutzung ihrer Einzugsgebiete
- Author
-
Seele, Jan, Melzer, A. (Prof. Dr.), and Huber, W. (Prof. Dr.)
- Subjects
Biowissenschaften, Biologie ,ddc:570 ,Gewässerökologie ,Limnologie ,Diatomeen ,Makrophyten ,GIS ,Geographische Informationssysteme ,Kleinseen ,Bayern ,Wasseranalytik ,Einzugsgebiete ,Landnutzung ,Trophie ,Litoral ,Prognosemodell ,ddc:550 ,ecology ,limnology ,diatoms ,makrophytes ,geographic information systems ,lakes ,bavaria ,watershed ,land uitilization ,trophic state ,littoral ,prediction model ,Geowissenschaften ,ddc:620 ,Ingenieurswissenschaften - Abstract
In zehn voralpinen Kleinseen wurde eine neuartige Methode der ökologischen Gewässerbewertung etabliert. Neben der Erfassung der biologischen Parameter an Hand des Diatomeenindexes (Kurzzeitindikator) und des Makrophytenindexes (Langzeitindikator) wurde mit Hilfe eines Geographischen Informationssytems (GIS) die Nutzung der hydrologischen Einzugsgebiete bewertet. Die Kombination der verschiedenen Bewertungsansätze ermöglicht eine Prognose über die Entwicklung der Nährstoffsituation in den Gewässern. Darauf aufbauend können die für einen nachhaltigen Gewässerschutz notwendigen Maßnahmen zur Reduktion der Nährstoffbelastung formuliert werden. [Abstract only in German available.] In zehn voralpinen Kleinseen wurde eine neuartige Methode der ökologischen Gewässerbewertung etabliert. Neben der Erfassung der biologischen Parameter an Hand des Diatomeenindexes (Kurzzeitindikator) und des Makrophytenindexes (Langzeitindikator) wurde mit Hilfe eines Geographischen Informationssytems (GIS) die Nutzung der hydrologischen Einzugsgebiete bewertet. Die Kombination der verschiedenen Bewertungsansätze ermöglicht eine Prognose über die Entwicklung der Nährstoffsituation in den Gewässern. Darauf aufbauend können die für einen nachhaltigen Gewässerschutz notwendigen Maßnahmen zur Reduktion der Nährstoffbelastung formuliert werden.
- Published
- 2005
15. Makrophyten als Bioindikatoren zur leitbildbezogenen Seenbewertung
- Author
-
Stelzer, Doris, Melzer, A. (Univ.-Prof. Dr.), and Huber, W. (Univ.-Prof. Dr.)
- Subjects
Gewässerökologie ,Limnologie ,Makrophyten ,Bioindikation ,Gewässerbewertung ,Wasserrahmenrichtlinie ,Deutschland ,Trophie ,Litoral ,Biowissenschaften, Biologie ,ddc:570 ,ecology ,limnology ,makrophytes ,lakes ,germany ,Water Framework Directive ,bioassessment ,trophic state ,littoral ,ddc:620 ,Ingenieurswissenschaften - Abstract
Die vorliegende Arbeit entstand im Rahmen des vom BLfW koordinierten Forschungsvorhabens Leitbildbezogenes Bewertungsverfahren für Makrophyten und Phytobenthos (PHYLIB). Ziel dieser Arbeit war es, im Teilbereich Makrophyten in Seen ein deutschlandweit anwendbares Bewertungsverfahren für Gewässerstellen anhand der vorkommenden Makrophyten zur Umsetzung der Europäischen Wasserrahmenrichtlinie (WRRL) zu entwickeln. Das Bewertungsverfahren basiert auf den Ergebnissen umfangreicher Kartierungsarbeiten im gesamten Bundesgebiet. Die meisten der 71 untersuchten Seen weisen eine Oberfläche von mehr als 0,5 km² auf. Zusätzlich wurden bereits vorhandene Kartierungsdaten zu 24 weiteren Seen in die Auswertungen miteinbezogen. Die Daten wurden mit Hilfe einer ACCESS-Datenbank aufbereitet. Im Zuge der Auswertungen wurden Korrespondenzanalysen, Kanonische Korrespondenzanalysen sowie Korrelationen und Regressionen berechnet. Den ersten Teil des erstellten Bewertungssystems bildet eine biozönotische Seentypologie. Hierfür wurden anthropogen möglichst unbelastete Gewässerstellen zu natürlichen Seetypen zusammengefasst. Entscheidend für die Typisierung war in erster Linie die Makrophytenvegetation der untersuchten Stellen. Die Typen lassen sich jedoch anhand weitgehend degradationsunabhängiger, abiotischer Faktoren von einander abgrenzen. Somit ist sichergestellt, dass auch belastete Stellen eindeutig in die Typen eingeordnet werden können. Deutschlandweit konnten vier Typen unterschieden werden: MTS: Stellen silikatisch geprägter Seen der Mittelgebirge und des Tieflandes. AK(s): Stellen karbonatischer Seen der Alpen und des Alpenvorlandes (AK) incl. Untertyp extrem steile Stellen der karbonatischen Alpenseen (AKs).TKg: Stellen stabil geschichteter karbonatischer Wasserkörper des Tieflandes. TKp: Stellen polymiktischer karbonatischer Wasserkörper des Tieflandes. Für jeden der beschriebenen Typen wurde anschließend ein leitbildbezogenes Indikationssystem erarbeitet, das die Abweichung der Makrophytenvegetation, in Artenzusammensetzung und Abundanz, von der Vegetation der Referenzstellen beurteilt. Wegen der großen natürlichen Variabilität der helophytischen Vegetation wurden nur submerse Wasserpflanzen zur Bewertung der ökologischen Qualität herangezogen. Auf der Grundlage einer Vegetationstabelle wurden für jeden Typ drei Artengruppen erarbeitet. Berücksichtigt wurden sowohl der Verbreitungsschwerpunkt als auch die Indikationsschärfe der Arten. Artengruppe A enthält Arten, die an Referenzstellen dominieren und somit als typspezifisch bezeichnet werden können. Ausgeschlossen wurden dabei Arten, deren Verbreitungsschwerpunkt im Bereich belasteter Gewässer liegt. Artengruppe B umfasst alle Taxa mit weiter ökologischer Amplitude sowie solche mit Schwerpunkt im mittleren Belastungsbereich. Je nach Belastung der Stellen kommen diese neutralen Arten gemeinsam mit unterschiedlich hohen Anteilen der anderen Gruppen vor. In Artengruppe C werden Störzeiger zusammengefasst, die einen deutlichen Verbreitungsschwerpunkt an degradierten Standorten zeigen und höchstens in geringen Mengen an den Referenzstellen auftreten. Die Bewertung der Stellen erfolgt über die Berechnung des Referenzindexes. Dazu werden die ordinal skalierten Pflanzenmengen (P) in metrische Quantitätswerte (Q) umgerechnet (Q = P³), und für die Arten an einer Stelle über alle untersuchten Tiefenstufen aufsummiert. Der Referenzindex berechnet sich aus der Differenz der Prozentualen Anteile der Arten aus Gruppe A und C. Dieser Index vergleicht Artenzusammensetzung und Abundanzen an einer Stelle mit dem Arteninventar der Referenzstellen. Er eignet sich damit zur Quantifizierung der Degradation als Abweichung vom Referenzzustand, wie von der WRRL gefordert. Die errechneten Indexwerte decken die Spanne von 100 bis -100 ab. Die Zuordnung der Indexwerte zu den fünf ökologischen Zustandsklassen orientiert sich an der natürlichen Varianz an den Referenzstellen des jeweiligen Typs. Zusätzliche Kriterien wie der Anteil spezifischer Störzeiger runden die Bewertung ab. Das Bewertungssystem beruht somit nicht auf einer Reihung von Arten nach bestimmten Degradationsfaktoren (z.B. Trophie), sondern ergibt sich aus der realen Spannweite der im jeweiligen Typ auftretenden ökologischen Zustände. Der Referenzindex ermöglicht also eine ökologische Gesamtbewertung im Sinne der WRRL. Abschließend konnte anhand ausgewählter Testdatensätze gezeigt werden, dass das erstellte Bewertungsverfahren die Belastungssituation von Seen genau widerspiegelt. Für süddeutsche Seen zeigte sich auch eine sehr gute Übereinstimmung zwischen dem Referenzindex und dem von MELZER (1988) entwickelten Makrophytenindex. The European Water Framework Directive (WFD) requires ecological monitoring and classification systems for all surface water and groundwater bodies. These systems have to consider a range of biological quality elements, supported by measurements of physico-chemistry and hydrology. Aquatic macrophytes are one of the biological quality elements relevant for the assessment of lakes. Although aquatic plants are already an important tool for indicating the trophic status of lakes, adequate indicating systems fulfilling the demands of the WFD are still missing. This thesis introduces the development of a macrophyte based assessment system that can be applied to lakes throughout Germany. The evolved system is underpinned by extensive field surveys throughout Germany, supplemented by available data of previous studies. Considered are especially lakes with an area of at least 0,5 km². With the application of Correspondence Analyses to the data of undisturbed reference sites, natural types of lake sites can be found. These types represent different plant habitats and therefore show characteristic macrophyte communities. To make it possible to assign disturbed sites as well, the types are defined by characteristics that are unaffected by human impact. Four types are distinguished by ecoregion, Ca²+ content, mixis and morphology: MTS: sites within softwater lakes of mountainous areas or Northern Germany. AK(s): sites within carbon rich lakes situated in the (foothills of the) Alps. including the subtype of extremely steep sites in Alpine lakes. TKg: sites within stratified water bodies of Northern Germany TKp: sites within polymictic water bodies of Northern Germany.For each type an own assessment system is described. Due to the high degree of natural variability among the emerged vegetation, only submerged macrophytes (hydrophytes) are used to indicate the ecological quality of lake sites. Using vegetation tables for each type, specific groups of species with ecologically similar qualities can be identified: Species group A contains taxa, dominating under reference conditions. Those taxa can be named type specific. Species showing high abundance on polluted sites are excluded. Species group B includes species with wide ecological amplitude as well as taxa indicating moderate loads. According to the extent of degradation, these taxa grow together with species of group A or C in varying proportions. Species group of C are dominant at highly disturbed sites. These taxa are rarely found under reference conditions. The assessment of lake sites results from the calculation of the so called reference index. Therefore the macrophyte abundances (P) are transformed into metrically scaled values (quantities = Q) using the function Q=P³. The species occurring on each site are added up over all surveyed degrees of depth. The resulting index value quantifies the deviation of the vegetation from those at reference conditions. In addition to the index, the share of specific indicators has to be considered to classify the site to one of five ecological quality classes (high, good, moderate, poor, bad) mentioned in the WFD. Finally, several examples for the application of the developed system are given and correlations between the reference index and the Makrophytenindex (MELZER 1988) are examined. With the example of Lake Chiemsee the possibilities for the assessment of an entire lake are discussed. The application on several Bavarian lakes proves the suitability of the assessment system for indicating ecological quality of lakes. Therefore it is an appropriate tool for the bioassessment of lakes according to the WFD.
- Published
- 2005
16. Trophie-Entwicklung eines nordwestdeutschen Stillgewässers unter dem Einfluß von Landschafts- und Siedlungsgeschichte : paläoökologische Untersuchungen zur Vegetations- und Nährstoffentwicklung am Erdfallsee 'Großes Heiliges Meer' (Westfalen)
- Author
-
Barth, Elke
- Subjects
Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::550 | Geowissenschaften ,Northwest-Germany ,Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie ,Vegetation history ,ddc:570 ,limnology ,ddc:550 - Abstract
[no abstract]
- Published
- 2001
17. Wassertemperatur und Salzgehalt bei Cuxhaven 1973
- Author
-
Kühl, H.
- Subjects
Elbe River ,hydrographic data ,Limnology ,marine organism ,Biology - Abstract
Johann Heinrich von Thunen-Institute, Federal Research Institute for Rural Areas, Forestry and Fisheries began publishing the Informationen aus der Fischereiforschung – Information on Fishery research in 2010
- Published
- 1974
18. Die Fischverträglichkeit der Abbauprodukte von Waschmitteln
- Author
-
Mann, H.
- Subjects
fish test ,Ecology ,detergents ,Limnology ,pollution ,toxicity ,tenside ,fish quality ,Environment - Abstract
Johann Heinrich von Thunen-Institute, Federal Research Institute for Rural Areas, Forestry and Fisheries began publishing the Informationen aus der Fischereiforschung – Information on Fishery research in 2010
- Published
- 1978
19. Abwasseranfall in der Bundesrepublik
- Author
-
Mann, H.
- Subjects
inland waters ,water pollution ,pollutants ,Ecology ,Germany ,limnology ,Limnology ,seawage ,Environment ,wastewater ,Pollution - Abstract
Johann Heinrich von Thunen-Institute, Federal Research Institute for Rural Areas, Forestry and Fisheries began publishing the Informationen aus der Fischereiforschung – Information on Fishery research in 2010
- Published
- 1974
20. Fischsterben durch Silowasser
- Subjects
Ecology ,Limnology ,Environment ,Pollution - Published
- 1964
21. Chironomids and Other Bottom Animals of the Oligotrophic Lakes in South Sweden : A Contribution to the Knowledge of the Bottomfaunistical Characteristics of the Swedish Oligotrophic Lakes
- Author
-
Brundin, Lars
- Subjects
Sjö ,oligotrof ,oligotrophic ,limnology ,bottenfauna ,limnologi ,bottom fauna ,Geovetenskap och miljövetenskap ,Earth and Related Environmental Sciences ,lake ,Miljövetenskap ,Environmental Sciences ,näringsfattig - Abstract
Problems. Methods. Material. There are more than 85000 lakes in Sweden, the majority of which belong to the oligotrophic type sensu Naumann, and which present an inexhaustible field for investigation. In view of the varied and complicated nature of the problems and the young age of limnological science it is natural that the knowledge of these lakes in spite of the efforts of many investigators should still be fragmentary. This holds good also of the bottom fauna which in many respects is so important. When, in 1941—1942, I was working on a quantitative material of bottom animals from oligotrophic lakes in Jämtland, North Sweden, this lack of data was strongly felt. There was no solid holding-ground for a comparison with other lakes in Sweden, and many factors indicated that the production of the bottom animals in oligotrophic lakes in Sweden was considerably underestimated, probably because of the methods not being quite satisfactory. Particularly conflicting results had been reached by previous investigators as regards the influence of the humic standard on the bottom fauna, which is a vital problem concerning the Swedish lakes. As regards the chironomids constituting, as is well known, the most important group among the bottom animals in the Swedish lakes, our almost complete lack of knowledge was most deeply felt. It was clear that a real understanding of the relationship between the different laketypes and the profundal fauna could only be obtained by determining the species represented by the chironomid larvae. The very fact that certain lakes in Jämtland that Naumann would undoubtedly have characterized as oligotrophic had a chironomid fauna, which according to the valid typology of the lakes based on the bottom faunistical conditions must be regarded as belonging to the mesotrophic type, was in itself an inducement enough for a closer study of chironomids and their dependence on environmental factors. Thus important problems were waiting for a solution. To contribute to this I started studies of the bottom fauna in 1942 with a particular regard to the chironomids in the Aneboda-Växjö district in the central part of the South-Swedish highland. These studies were concluded in the autumn of 1948.
- Published
- 1949
22. [Limnological viewpoints in construction of catchment areas for drinking water]
- Author
-
E, SCHULZE
- Subjects
Water Supply ,Drinking Water ,Limnology ,Humans - Published
- 1962
23. Beobachtungen über die Sauerstoffaufnahme bei einer Bedeckung der Wasseroberfläche mit Fettalkoholen
- Author
-
Mann, H.
- Subjects
inland waters ,Ecology ,water organisms ,biological effects ,water ,reduction ,Environment ,fatty acids ,evaporation ,alcohols ,surface tension ,Limnology ,Biology ,fish farming ,chemical effects - Abstract
Johann Heinrich von Thunen-Institute, Federal Research Institute for Rural Areas, Forestry and Fisheries began publishing the Informationen aus der Fischereiforschung – Information on Fishery research in 2010
- Published
- 1971
24. Gesetz zum Schutze des Röhrichtbestandes
- Author
-
Institut für Küsten- und Binnenfischerei Hamburg
- Subjects
bank reinforcement ,Berlin ,Ecology ,legal regulation ,Germany ,Limnology ,reed belts ,Scirpus ,regulation ,Phragmites ,Biology ,shore vegetation ,Typha - Abstract
Johann Heinrich von Thunen-Institute, Federal Research Institute for Rural Areas, Forestry and Fisheries began publishing the Informationen aus der Fischereiforschung – Information on Fishery research in 2010
- Published
- 1971
25. Gesetz zum Schutze des Röhrichtbestandes
- Subjects
Ecology ,Limnology ,Biology - Published
- 1971
26. Fischsterben durch Silowasser
- Author
-
Institut für Küsten- u. Binnenfischerei Hamburg
- Subjects
inland waters ,ecological effects ,running waters ,Ecology ,Limnology ,pollution ,fish mortality ,Environment ,animal slurry ,agriculture ,silo plants - Abstract
Johann Heinrich von Thunen-Institute, Federal Research Institute for Rural Areas, Forestry and Fisheries began publishing the Informationen aus der Fischereiforschung – Information on Fishery research in 2010
- Published
- 1964
27. Annales Societatis zoologicae-botanicae Fennicae Vanamo tom. 14
- Author
-
Järnefelt, H., Valle, K. J., Kontkanen, P., Tiensuu, L., Kanervo, E., Ekman, E, Suomalainen, E., and Wirtamo, Sirkka
- Subjects
limnologia ,limnology ,zoology ,kasvitiede ,botany ,eläintiede - Abstract
Kielet saksa ja suomi.
- Published
- 1934
28. [Studies of limestone mountain springs (limnology); importance of limnological investigations]
- Author
-
A, SCHINZEL
- Subjects
Water Supply ,Limnology ,Water Microbiology ,Calcium Carbonate - Published
- 1958
29. [Studies of limestone mountain springs (limnology); importance of limnological investigations].
- Author
-
SCHINZEL A
- Subjects
- Calcium Carbonate, Limnology, Water Microbiology, Water Supply microbiology
- Published
- 1958
30. [Limnological viewpoints in construction of catchment areas for drinking water].
- Author
-
SCHULZE E
- Subjects
- Humans, Drinking Water, Limnology, Water Supply
- Published
- 1962
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.