17 results on '"predictive biomarkers"'
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2. Prädiktive molekulare Diagnostik beim Mammakarzinom: Welche Anforderungen stellen sich heute und in Zukunft für die Pathologie?
- Author
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Wild, Peter J., Denkert, Carsten, and Jackisch, C.
- Abstract
Copyright of Der Pathologe is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Endometriumkarzinom – ein Update
- Author
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Steger, Katharina and Zeimet, Alain
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. [Standardized and quality-assured predictive PD-L1 testing in the upper gastrointestinal tract. German version].
- Author
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Baretton G, Lordick F, Gaiser T, Hofheinz R, Horst D, Lorenzen S, Möhler M, Röcken C, Schirmacher P, Stahl M, Thuss-Patience P, and Tiemann K
- Subjects
- Humans, B7-H1 Antigen metabolism, Biomarkers, Esophagus metabolism, Stomach Neoplasms diagnosis, Carcinoma
- Abstract
As a result of the high approval dynamics and the growing number of immuno-oncological therapy concepts, the complexity of therapy decisions and control in the area of carcinomas of the esophagus, gastroesophageal junction and stomach is constantly increasing. Since the treatment indication for PD‑1 inhibitors that are currently approved in the European Union is often linked to the expression of PD-L1 (programmed cell death-ligand 1), the evaluation of tissue-based predictive markers by the pathologist is of crucial importance for treatment stratification. Even though the immunohistochemical analysis of the PD-L1 expression status is one of the best studied, therapy-relevant biomarkers for an immuno-oncological treatment, due to the high heterogeneity of carcinomas of the upper gastrointestinal tract, there are challenges in daily clinical diagnostic work with regard to implementation, standardization and interpretation of testing. An interdisciplinary group of experts from Germany has taken a position on relevant questions from daily pathological and clinical practice, which concern the starting material, quality-assured testing and the interpretation of pathological findings, and has developed recommendations for structured reporting., (© 2023. The Author(s).)
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- 2024
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- View/download PDF
5. Systemische Therapie von Sarkomen: Neue Biomarker und Therapiestrategien.
- Author
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Bauer, S., Dirksen, U., and Schildhaus, H.-U.
- Abstract
Copyright of Der Pathologe is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2019
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6. Grundlagen der Krebsimmuntherapie.
- Author
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Wölfel, Thomas
- Abstract
Copyright of Wiener Klinisches Magazin is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
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7. Grundlagen der Krebsimmuntherapie.
- Author
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Wölfel, T.
- Abstract
Copyright of Der Onkologe is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2017
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8. Prädiktive PD-L1-Immunhistochemie beim nichtkleinzelligen Bronchialkarzinom.
- Author
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Scheel, A., Dietel, M., Heukamp, L., Jöhrens, K., Kirchner, T., Reu, S., Rüschoff, J., Schildhaus, H., Schirmacher, P., Tiemann, M., Warth, A., Weichert, W., Fischer, R., Wolf, J., and Büttner, R.
- Abstract
Copyright of Der Pathologe is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Grundlagen der Krebsimmuntherapie: Tumorantigene und Impfung bei Krebs
- Author
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Wölfel, Thomas
- Published
- 2018
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10. [Predictive molecular diagnostics in breast cancer : What are the requirements for pathology today and in the future?]
- Author
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Wild PJ, Denkert C, and Jackisch C
- Subjects
- Biomarkers, Tumor genetics, Female, High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing, Humans, Pathology, Molecular, Breast Neoplasms diagnosis
- Abstract
With an increasing number of targeted therapy options for the treatment of solid tumors, the demands on predictive molecular diagnostics for pathology are growing. In breast cancer the need to determine genomic predictive markers for available targeted therapies has so far been manageable (detection of PIK3CA mutations in endocrine pretreated luminal tumors and the search for NTRK fusions indicated only in secretory breast cancer). At the latest in cases of nonresponse to first-line or second-line standard treatment, more comprehensive diagnostics using next generation sequencing (NGS) panel diagnostics makes sense. This should be suitable for clarifying resistance mechanisms, e.g. against endocrine therapy or cyclin-dependent kinase 4/cyclin-dependent kinase 6 (CDK4/6) inhibitors and to identify indications for therapies currently in development. The interpretation should be carried out in a quality assured manner in accordance with international standards and the interdisciplinary tumor board should make a transparent and standardized report available in a timely manner., (© 2022. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Neue morphologische und molekulare Aspekte des Lungenkarzinoms.
- Author
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Warth, A., Stenzinger, A., and Weichert, W.
- Abstract
Copyright of Der Pathologe is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
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12. Grundlagen der Krebsimmuntherapie: Tumorantigene und Impfung bei Krebs
- Author
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Wölfel, T.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Molekulares Profiling und prädiktive Signaturen.
- Author
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Denkert, C.
- Abstract
Copyright of Der Pathologe is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Molekularpathologische Bestimmung prädiktiver Biomarker: Eine neue Aufgabe der diagnostischen Pathologie.
- Author
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Schmid, K.W.
- Abstract
Copyright of Der Urologe A is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
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15. Der Einfluss von MikroRNAs auf die Wirksamkeit der Radiochemotherapie des lokal fortgeschrittenen Kopf-Hals-Karzinoms
- Author
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Heß, Anne-Katrin
- Subjects
predictive biomarkers ,gene expression signature ,immune markers ,therapy outcome ,head and neck cancer ,600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit ,chemoradiotherapy - Abstract
Plattenepithelkarzinome des Kopf-Hals-Bereiches (HNSCC – englisch: head and neck squamous cell carcinoma) umfassen Tumoren, die ihren Ursprung in der Mundhöhle, dem Pharynx, Larynx oder den Speicheldrüsen haben. Risikofaktoren sind die aktive und passive Exposition zu Tabakrauch, starker Alkoholabusus und eine Infektion mit humanen Papillomaviren (HPV). Trotz der Fortschritte in der Behandlung von HNSCC ist die Standardtherapie für inoperable, lokal fortgeschrittene Tumoren weiterhin die Cisplatin-basierte Radiochemotherapie, die zu 5-Jahres-Überlebensraten von unter 50% führt. Das liegt größtenteils an dem Auftreten von Fernmetastasen oder lokaler Rezidive, die erhöhte Resistenz gegenüber Strahlen- oder Chemotherapie aufweisen. Zur Verbesserung des Therapieerfolges ist es daher unerlässlich Biomarker und neue therapeutische Ziele zu finden, die eine personalisierte Therapie ermöglichen. MikroRNAs sind dabei ein vielversprechendes Ziel solcher Biomarker-Studien, da es sich um kleine (ca. 18-23 Nukleotide), sehr stabile, nicht-kodierende RNA Moleküle handelt, die als wichtige Regulatoren der Genexpression fungieren. In dieser Doktorarbeit wurde der prädiktive Stellenwert von MikroRNAs für die individuelle Therapiestratifizierung untersucht. Dafür wurde archiviertes Formalin-fixiertes Paraffin-eingebettetes Tumorgewebe von Patienten der ARO-0401 Phase III verwendet. In dieser klinischen Studie waren Patienten mit lokal fortgeschrittenen HNSCC eingeschlossen worden, die mit Radiotherapie in Kombination mit entweder 5-Fluorouracil/Mitomycin C (MMC-CRTX) oder 5-Fluorouracil/Cisplatin (CDDP-CRTX) behandelt wurden. In einer Testkohorte von 48 Patienten mit Oropharynxkarzinom wurden die Expressionslevel von 1105 humanen MikroRNAs mittels Affymetrix MikroRNA Mikroarrays bestimmt. Dabei wurden bei Patienten, die mit MMC-CRTX behandelt worden waren, 5 MikroRNAs (miR-27b, -130b, -200b, -451, -532-5p) identifiziert, die signifikant mit dem 3-Jahres-Überleben korrelieren, wohingegen 6 andere MikroRNAs (miR-125b, -146a, -150, -155, -187, -342-5p) mit dem Überleben der Patienten assoziiert waren, die mit CDDP-CRTX behandelt worden waren. Die MikroRNA Expressionslevel von miR-200b und miR-155/miR-146a wurden per real-time PCR in einer Kohorte von 78 Patienten mit Oropharynxkarzinom und 71 Patienten mit Hypopharynxkarzinom validiert. Der prädiktive Stellenwert von miR-200b und miR-155 im jeweiligen Therapiearm konnte für Patienten mit Oropharyxnkarzinomen bestätigt werden, allerdings nicht für Hypopharynxkarzinome. Interessanterweise war eine geringe Expression von miR- 200b insbesondere mit dem Auftreten von Fernmetastasen assoziiert, wogegen eine niedrige Expression von miR-155 mit lokalen Rezidiven korrelierte. MiR- 146a erwies sich als prognostischer Marker, der unabhängig vom Therapieregime und dem HPV Status war. Weiterhin konnte mittels nanoString PanCancer Immune Profiling eine Korrelation zwischen der Expression von miR-155 und miR-146a mit einer Infiltration von Lymphozyten in den Tumor festgestellt werden. Diese Erkenntnis verdient tiefgründiger Untersuchung, die insbesondere im Kontext von aktuellen klinischen Studien zur Kombination von CRTX mit Immun- Checkpoint-Inhibitoren interessant ist., Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck region (HNSCC) are categorized as a group of tumors that arise in the squamous epithelium within the oral cavity, the pharynx, larynx and salivary glands. The major known risk factors are exposure to tobacco, heavy alcohol consumption and infection with human papillomaviruses (HPV). Despite advances in treatment of HNSCC the gold standard for unresectable, locally advanced tumors is still cisplatin-based concurrent chemoradiation, which yields 5-year overall survival (OS) rates of less than 50%. This results from tumor cell resistance to radio- or chemotherapy leading to local/locoregional or distant failure. Therefore, the identification of predictive biomarkers for personalized treatment options are urgently needed. A promising source of such biomarkers are microRNAs, as they are small (18-23 nucleotides), very stable non-coding RNA molecules that serve as important regulators of gene expression. In this doctoral research study the predictive value of microRNAs for individualized treatment selection has been evaluated. MicroRNA expression levels were measured from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumor tissues from HNSCC patients who had been treated within the ARO-0401 phase III with radiotherapy in combination with either 5-fluorouracil/mitomycin C (MMC-CRTX) or 5-fluorouracil/cisplatin (CDDP-CRTX). In a test cohort of 48 oropharyngeal carcinomas the expression levels of 1105 human microRNAs were measured by Affymetrix microRNA microarrays. Five miRNAs (miR-27b, -130b, -200b, -451, -532-5p) were found to be significantly associated with 3-year OS rates after MMC-CRTX, whereas six different microRNAs (miR-125b, -146a, -150, -155, -187, -342-5p) were correlated with OS after CDDP-CRTX. Validation of miR-200b and miR-155/miR-146a expression was performed in a patient cohort of 78 oropharyngeal and 71 hypopharyngeal carcinomas by real-time PCR, which confirmed the predictive value of miR-200b and miR-155 within their respective treatment arm in patients with oropharyngeal, but not with hypopharyngeal carcinomas. Interestingly miR-200b expression was mainly associated with distant metastasis, whereas miR-155 correlated with local recurrence. MiR-146a was revealed as a prognostic marker in patients with oropharyngeal carcinomas independently from the chemoradiation regimen and HPV status. In addition, using the nanoString PanCancer Immune Profiling Panel, an association of miR-155 and miR-146a expression with the presence of tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes was revealed. This finding deserves more profound investigation, especially within the framework of current clinical trials of CRTX/immune checkpoint inhibitor combinations.
- Published
- 2017
16. [Systemic therapy of sarcomas : New biomarkers and therapeutic strategies].
- Author
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Bauer S, Dirksen U, and Schildhaus HU
- Subjects
- Biomarkers, Tumor, Chemotherapy, Adjuvant, Humans, Bone Neoplasms therapy, Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors diagnosis, Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors therapy, Sarcoma diagnosis, Soft Tissue Neoplasms therapy
- Abstract
Diagnostics and treatment of mesenchymal tumors (i.e. soft tissue sarcomas, gastrointestinal stromal tumors, and bone sarcomas) have changed dramatically in the past few years. Molecular and immunohistochemical biomarkers contribute significantly to improved diagnostics. They also play an increasing role in terms of clinical treatment decisions.Grading and tumor type-specific outcome data provide the basis for adjuvant chemotherapy of localized sarcomas. Recurrent gene fusions become more important as predictive biomarkers for targeted therapies in the context of systemic treatments. Immuno-oncology-based approaches are currently being studied in clinical trials, and the first responses of selected patients have been demonstrated. However, the role of predictive biomarkers in this field, such as PD-L1, still needs to be elucidated. Comprehensive genetic analyses of metastatic sarcomas will continue to identify additional therapeutic targets and the corresponding biomarkers.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. [Predictive PD-L1 immunohistochemistry for non-small cell lung cancer : Current state of the art and experiences of the first German harmonization study].
- Author
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Scheel AH, Dietel M, Heukamp LC, Jöhrens K, Kirchner T, Reu S, Rüschoff J, Schildhaus HU, Schirmacher P, Tiemann M, Warth A, Weichert W, Fischer RN, Wolf J, and Büttner R
- Subjects
- Algorithms, Antibodies, Monoclonal therapeutic use, Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung immunology, Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung therapy, Immunohistochemistry, Immunotherapy, Lung Neoplasms immunology, Lung Neoplasms therapy, Predictive Value of Tests, Prognosis, B7-H1 Antigen analysis, B7-H1 Antigen immunology, Biomarkers, Tumor analysis, Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung pathology, Lung Neoplasms pathology
- Abstract
Background: Antibodies against PD-1 and PD-L1 can cause strong and durable anti-tumor immune responses in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Immunohistochemistry for PD-L1 (PD-L1 IHC) was tested as a predictive biomarker. Several IHC assays and interpretation criteria were developed in parallel., Aim: The clinical significance of PD-L1 IHC in NSCLC and the optimum method for staining and interpretation of the results are the subject of ongoing studies. The diagnostic application of immunotherapy in NSCLC necessitates harmonization of PD-L1 IHC to obtain evidence for guidelines; therefore, a consensus opinion on a well-founded diagnostic mode of testing should be defined based on published studies and the results of the first German PD-L1 IHC harmonization study., Methods: 1. Summary of the current data situation. 2. Evaluation of the first German PD-L1 IHC harmonization study (centralized, staining with PD-L1 IHC analogous to studies, 15 cases of NSCLC, 4 IHC study assays [28‑8, 22C3, SP142 and SP263] and scoring by 9 pathologists)., Results: The use of PD-L1 IHC in NSCLC is suitable for identification of patients with an increased probability of a clinical benefit from immunotherapy. The various proportional cut-offs used to interpret the staining results can be summarized in a total score, which can be reproducibly assessed. The staining patterns of the four assays investigated were, however, not congruent in all situations., Discussion: In principle, the use of PD-L1 IHC for assessment of the expression in tumor cells is a reliably determinable biomarker. Evaluation algorithms should be based on published clinical trials. For NSCLC approvals with obligatory PD-L1 IHC are to be expected but it remains to be seen to what extent PD-L1 IHC will be implemented in the clinical routine.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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