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Sleep plays an essential role in memory consolidation. Although sleep problems are common in Alzheimerʼs disease, they are not usually thought to be key features of the disease; however, new experimental research has shown that sleep disturbances not only occur before the onset of typical cognitive deficits but are also associated with the pathogenesis of Alzheimerʼs disease and may have a decisive influence on the symptoms and course. Thus, sleep disturbances may be potentially modifiable risk factors for Alzheimerʼs disease that deserve more attention in research, diagnostics and treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relationship between cognitive deficits and sleep disturbances in depression has to date been rarely investigated. In this study, depressive inpatients completed questionnaires regarding depressive symptomatology and sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Inventory, PSQI), followed by neuropsychological assessments of attentional-executive functions (Trail Making Test: TMT-A, TMT-B) on day 1 (evening) and day 2 (morning). Patients with severe sleep disturbances (PSQI > 10, n = 8) performed poorer on both TMT-A and TMT-B than patients with at most moderate sleep disturbances (PSQI = 10, n = 8). Significant positive relationships between PSQI global score and completion time of TMT-B remained stable after controlling for confounders. These findings highlight the close relationship between cognitive dysfunction and sleep disturbances in depressive patients. Possible therapeutic implications are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Clinical and epidemiological studies point out a potential relationship between sleep loss and sleep disturbances with suicidality. Objectives: This work, based on a systematic literature research, provides an overview on findings of relationships between suicidality (i. e., suicidal thoughts, suicide attempts, suicides) and sleep disturbances. Material and Methods: A systematic literature research in 'PubMed' and 'PsycINFO' was conducted until February 2015. Keywords included 'suicide', 'sleep', and subcategories. Results: Relationships with measures of suicidality were found especially for insomnia but also for nightmares. Sleep disturbances also seem to predict suicidal ideas and behaviours independent of comorbid psychic disorders Conclusion: Recognition and treatment of sleep disturbances is essential for suicide prevention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This study aimed at evaluating the use of hypnotics and other psychotropics for sleep disturbances in nursing home residents. Patients and methods: Data obtained from the Resident Assessment Instrument (2.0) were linked to health insurance medication claims data. This secondary analysis was based on data of 2109 residents captured in 37 nursing homes in 2008. Results: According to nurses' rating, 9.8 % of residents had difficulties in initiating or maintaining sleep on a daily or almost daily basis (6-7 days/week), a further 23.5 % on 1-5 days/week. In all, 16.7 % of the residents were treated with hypnotics (of which 3.9 % with benzodiazepines and 3.4 % with Z-drugs), and 47.4 % of the residents received antipsychotics. Prescribing of hypnotics (p < 0.001), antipsychotics (p < 0.001), and anxiolytics (p < 0.001) was significantly associated with sleep disturbances in residents, but not of antidepressants (p = 0.903). Conclusion: Although sleep disturbances were very common among the observed residents, traditional hypnotics were used only moderately. However, high prescription rates of antipsychotics must be evaluated critically. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Deutsche Zeitschrift für Akupunktur is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ernährung - Wissenschaft Und Praxis is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of HNO is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Traffic noise can lead to extrinsic sleep disorders. The definition of extrinsic sleep disorders is presented. Acoustic variables that describe traffic noise and affect sleep and other body functions are explained. The terms 'primary', 'secondary', and 'tertiary' noise effects, used in the research field on the effects of noise, are defined. The difficulty in evaluating the long-term effects of noise on sleep and health based on current knowledge is pointed out. Particularly, the findings of many studies are questionable due to low numbers of subjects, divergent statistical analyses and lack of control groups. Acoustic limits, set in place by law to protect the public, should be 'plausible' even if scientific proof is lacking. This plausibility as well as some new scientific knowledge and its interpretation is hotly debated by researchers in the field of noise effects and among interested parties. To solve this dilemma at least partly, a close cooperation between researchers in the fields of biological effects of noise and sleep medicine is recommended and encouraged. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Sleep plays an essential role in memory consolidation. Although sleep problems are common in Alzheimer's disease, they are not usually thought to be key features of the disease; however, new experimental research has shown that sleep disturbances not only occur before the onset of typical cognitive deficits but are also associated with the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease and may have a decisive influence on the symptoms and course. Thus, sleep disturbances may be potentially modifiable risk factors for Alzheimer's disease that deserve more attention in research, diagnostics and treatment.