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This research was conducted in Grade VI at SD 200223 Sibulan-bulan Padangsidimpuan during the academic year 2023/2024, focusing on the topic of fractions. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of the Realistic Mathematics Approach on students' understanding of concepts in Grade VI at SD 200223 Sibulan-bulan. The study utilized a Post-Test-Only Control Group design and was of quasi-experimental nature. It involved an experimental group receiving the Realistic Mathematics Education Approach treatment and a control group not receiving such treatment. Both groups were selected randomly. The research findings indicate that students' understanding of mathematical concepts was better when using the Realistic Mathematics Approach compared to conventional learning methods. Based on the hypothesis testing results, it was found that t-count > t-table (2.23 > 1.98) and the Sig. value = 0.018, indicating that there is a positive effect of the Realistic Mathematics Education Approach (RME) on students' conceptual understanding. Based on the above findings, it is recommended that the learning process in schools use the Realistic Mathematics Education Approach, as it can improve students' conceptual understanding and mathematical abilities.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran Experiential Learning terhadap keterampilan menulis puisi siswa kelas VIII di SMP Swasta Budi Setia Sunggal. Penelitian menggunakan metode eksperimen semu (quasi-experimental) dengan desain nonequivalent control group, di mana kelas VIII-A dijadikan kelas eksperimen dan kelas VIII-B sebagai kontrol. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, tes pre-test dan post-test, serta dokumentasi. Hasil observasi menunjukkan peningkatan efektivitas pembelajaran dari 50,73% menjadi 81,67% pada pertemuan kedua. Hasil pre-test menunjukkan keterampilan menulis puisi siswa kelas eksperimen dengan rata-rata 50,73 dan kelas kontrol 47,63, keduanya dalam kategori Cukup Terampil. Setelah perlakuan, post-test menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan dengan rata-rata kelas eksperimen 81,67 (Sangat Terampil) dan kelas kontrol 64,60 (Cukup Terampil). Uji N-Gain menunjukkan peningkatan keterampilan menulis puisi dengan kategori sedang dan rata-rata 0,6093 untuk kelas eksperimen, sementara uji t independen menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan antara kelas eksperimen dan kontrol setelah perlakuan (t-hitung = 15,18 > t-tabel = 2,048, df = 58, α = 5%). Kesimpulannya, model pembelajaran Experiential Learning secara signifikan meningkatkan keterampilan menulis puisi siswa kelas VIII di SMP Swasta Budi Setia Sunggal, dan diharapkan para guru dapat menerapkan metode ini untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa.

This study evaluates how place attachment and familiarity influence destination loyalty among beach visitors in Batam. This research was structured based on a quantitative approach to validate the hypotheses that have been suggested. The target population in this research is tourists who visit beaches in Batam. The data collected is then analyzed using statistical analysis techniques such as the t-test. Based on the test, it was found that 50.2% of the influence exerted on the dependent variable came from the independent variable, while the remaining 49.8% resulted from other factors not included in this research model. The conclusions of this research confirm that place attachment and familiarity significantly influence destination loyalty and can be considered critical elements in retaining tourists in the Batam beach destination. Keywords: Place Attachment; Familiarity; Destination Loyalty

The legal protection of cultural diversity within the context of Traditional Cultural Expressions (TCEs) is not governed by specific legislation, which can significantly hinder the protection and validity of cultural expressions. Utilizing normative legal research methods, this study aims to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the urgency of establishing a specialized legal regime that recognizes and safeguards TCEs as a unique form of communal intellectual property. The analysis supported with a statutory approach indicates that there is a strong urgency to form this specialized legal regime, highlighting normative conflicts in existing regulations. The analysis also outlines how the formation of this regime can be accomplished by referring to a comprehensive normative framework and considering the unique elements that constitute TCEs. The research findings show that existing regulations have not been able to provide adequate protection for TCEs, especially in the context of the Industrial Revolution 4.0, which demands more comprehensive protection, particularly in the digital realm. Therefore, the establishment of this specialized legal regime becomes a crucial step in addressing new challenges in the era of Industrial Revolution 4.0.

Abstract. Christian Religion Extension Workers face great challenges in carrying out their duties, so they require a high work ethics to maximize their performance. The aim of this research was to analyze various factors that influence the performance of Christian Religion Extension Workers. Through quantitative research, an analysis of factors was carried out that had a significant influence on the work ethics of Christian Religion Extension Workers at the Ministry of Religion, Toba Regency. The research result showed that among the career development system factor, salary factor, work environment factor, social factor, competency factor and appreciation factor, the career development system factor is the most dominant in increasing the work ethics of Christian Religion Extension Workers. Thus, it can be concluded that the incentive in the form of challenges and opportunities to improve one's career can increase work ethics. Abstrak. Penyuluh Agama Kristen menghadapi tantangan besar dalam menjalankan tugas-tugasnya sehingga membutuhkan etos kerja yang tinggi agar dapat memaksimalkan kinerja mereka. Tujuan riset ini adalah untuk menganalisis berbagai faktor yang mempengaruhi kinerja para Penyuluh Agama Kristen. Melalui riset kuantitatif dilakukan analisis faktor yang memberi pengaruh signifikan terhadap etos kerja para Penyuluh Agama Kristen di Kementerian Agama Kabupaten Toba. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa di antara faktor sistem pengembangan karir, faktor gaji, faktor lingkungan kerja, faktor sosial masyarakat, faktor kompetensi dan faktor apresiasi, faktor sistem pengembangan karir paling dominan dapat meningkatkan etos kerja para Penyuluh Agama Kristen. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa adanya insentif berupa tantangan dan kesempatan untuk meningkatkan karir dapat meningkatkan etos kerja.

The Practice of Shamanism Continues into Modern Society. To survive and grow, shamans follow the development of the times and continuously adapt to technological advancements. This research aims to explore the utilization of information technology in shamanic practices during the Covid-19 pandemic. The research method used is qualitative, using modernization theory. The results show the existence of shamanic practices utilizing information technology during the Covid-19 pandemic. The research subjects use features of information technology such as phone calls, video calls, and WhatsApp to provide services to their patients. Information technology is also used for promoting their services; they use Facebook and Instagram for this purpose. The utilization of information technology is done to increase the number of patients and to heal both mild and severe illnesses, including curing Covid-19 patients. Their patients feel comfortable because they do not have to travel far to meet with the shaman. This research concludes that the utilization of information technology has expanded into shamanic practices since the Covid-19 pandemic hit the world.

The concept of injunction in common law countries is similar to the concept of provision, confiscation, and provisional determination so that the concept of injunction can be used to complete the deficiencies of provision, confiscation, and provisional determination. This research examines injunction arrangements in common law countries, in this case, the United States and Singapore, which are then transplanted into Indonesian law through the Indonesian Civil Procedure Bill. The research method was carried out normatively and then explained descriptively accompanied by a prescription on how provision, confiscation, and provisional determination should be regulated in Indonesia. Arrangements for provision, confiscation, and provisional determination are still scattered in various laws and even most of the Dutch colonial legacies are used without an official translation. This condition causes legal uncertainty that can be detrimental to justice seekers. The state’s efforts in establishing a unique Indonesian civil procedural law can be seen through the Indonesian Civil Procedure Bill. This bill also contains a concept similar to an injunction. The bill, which is expected to eliminate legal uncertainty for justice seekers, still does not specify a concept similar to the injunction in Indonesia.

This study focuses on the technology sector, a strategic area of the Indonesian economy. Technological developments encourage companies to retain their top tech employees. The objective of this study is to examine the impact that employees' perceptions of human resource practice and organizational support have on their level of job embedment and intention to leave their jobs. The current study also investigates the mediation effect of job embeddedness. An online survey utilizing a seven-point Likert scale was administered to 284 IT employees from diverse technology companies in Indonesia with a purposive sample technique. This study shows that human resource practice, organizational support perceived by employees, and job embeddedness are essential factors influencing turnover intention.

Kampus mengajar merupakan implementasi atau bagian dari salah satu program kampus merdeka yang dirancang oleh Kementerian Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, Riset, dan Teknologi. Dalam pelaksanaannya, program ini memberikan amanah kepada mahasiswa untuk dapat melaksanakan pembelajaran kepada siswa yang berfokus kepada pemahaman literasi dan numerasi. Tujuan utama program kampus mengajar adaah memberikan kesempatan kepada mahasiswa untuk belajar dan mengembangkan diri melalui aktivitas di luar kelas perkuliahan, membantu sekolah untuk memberikan pelayanan pendidikan, yang optimal terhadap semua peserta didik pada jenjang SD dalam kondisi terbatas dan kritis selama pandemi dan memberikan kesempatan belajar optimal kepada semua peserta didik pada jenjang SD dalam kondisi terbatas dan kritis selama pandemi. Adapun tujuan khusus dari program kampus mengajar angkatan III tahun 2022 ialah dengan adanya rancangan program yang kami tawarkan untuk SDN 047176 Sirumbia dapat menyukseskan program kampus merdeka yang diselenggarakan oleh Kemendikbud, melalui program ini juga mahasiswa dari seluruh jurusan bebas untuk mengabdi, berkontribusi dan berkolaborasi dengan guru-guru secara kreatif dan inovatif untuk memajukan litersi, numerasi dan teknologi di SDN 047176 Sirumbia. Adapun kegiatan yang dilakukan selama di SDN 047176 Sirumbia, yaitu kegiatan literasi,numerasi,membantu adaptasi teknologi, dan membantu administrasi sekolah.

In the game of tennis there are many factors that must be mastered by the players, because when viewed from the movement, the sport of tennis is a tough sport, so to be able to play tennis properly and be able to maintain the shape of the game there are several basic factors that a tennis player needs to have. This research is a descriptive qualitative research by describing and analyzing service in tennis coaching through biomechanical and kinesiological aspects. The steps taken are articles, data reduction, data analysis, data compilation, and drawing conclusions. Article preparation is done by collecting articles from various online sources with relevant topics. This research is a collaborative research that is practical based on the problems that occur in the development of tennis sports. Thus it can be said that a coach or sports coach must be able to establish good communication and be able to give an appropriate assessment of what is being done and what has been done and be able to provide feedback. Recognizing the importance of the role of a coach in the achievement of athletes, a coach must work professionally.

Highlight Research • Brown seaweed heavy metals content varies between species • Risk assessment showed low health risk for heavy metal from intake of the three brown seaweed • The three types of brown seaweed did not show carcinogenic properties to metal Arsenic (As) Abstract Marine brown seaweed are known as one of the potential biological agents to be developed as functional food and medicinal sectors. This study aims to examine the concentration of heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Hg, and As) in brown algae (Sargassum aquifolium, Padina australis, and Turbinaria ornata.) and the possible exposure to health risks caused by consumption. Heavy metal concentrations were determined using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) on brown seaweed samples obtained from three different sites. The average concentration of heavy metals in the dry weight of brown seaweed remains within the guidelines established by The Food and Drug Supervisory Agency (BPOM) Number 32 of 2019 concerning the Safety and Quality of Traditional Medicines, which is then used to calculate the estimated daily intake (EDI), target hazard quotient (THQ and TTHQ), and target cancer risk (TCR) for arsenic associated with food exposure to potentially toxic metallic elements. Each species of brown seaweed has a THQ and TTHQ level of

Today's child crime has grown rapidly and is heavily influenced by technological developments. Various kinds of child crimes are problematic with the law so that the swift advancement of information technology presently holds a beneficial influence on society by easily obtaining the information needed and has a negative impact because there is a lot of misleading information circulating and websites, pornographic sites. So that children who are just about to grow up or teenagers will feel curious and will most likely take actions beyond reason. So legal action is needed to safeguard minors from the impact of the conventional judicial proceedings granted to offenders of such offenses, thereby allowing the criminal justice system to prosecute the culprits of sexual assault, it is necessary to do a better alternative justice for children. However, it must be balanced for the victims as well, so that the alternative referred to as "diversion" or what is referred to as restorative justice does not feel shielded.

PT Pupuk Sriwidjaja Palembang (PSP) produces 1,222 tons fly ash per month from the operation of a coal boiler with a capacity of 1x23 MW. Fly ash has potential physical properties and mineral content. The Government Regulation No.22 of 2021, which classifies fly ash as a non-B3 waste, open up opportunities to utilize fly ash in a fertilizer product. In this project, the development of NPK 15-10-12 fertilizer with fly ash as a filler and fertilizer testing on tomato plants has been conducted. The use of fly ash as a filler in the granulation process has no effect on crushing strength and nutrient content of N, P, and K. The effects of using fly ash in the granulation process are in the consumption of water and in the granule drying process. The greater the ratio of fly ash the more water needed in the granulation process and eventually causes an increase in the moisture content in the final product. From the results of fertilizer test on tomato plants on the parameters of plant height, plant diameter, and fruit weight, the use of NPK with fly ash-filler did not give a significant difference compared to the use of NPK without fly ash. The use of fly ash as a filler also does not give any influence on the content of heavy metals in the fruit of tomato. Increase in pH of soil are observed in fertilization to NPK 15-10-12 using fly ash fillers. Keywords: fly ash, granulation, NPK Fertilizer, tomatoes

The implementation of Christian values, especially talking about spirituality, is the responsibility of lecturers in carrying out their responsibilities, by reflecting on the Great Teacher. The importance of aspects of spirituality is owned by educators because Christian education views education as an effort to change students for the better. Ironically, this view is actually weakened by the idea that spirituality is something personal, implemented in the relationship between created beings and their creators, so cannot be used as a standard. This study aims to examine lecturers' understanding of spiritual competence towards improving lecturer professionalism. This research is a quantitative research, with a survey approach. Data was collected through a questionnaire containing 40 questions related to spirituality and professionalism of lecturers. The population studied was lecturers at state religious institutes in Western Indonesia, with a sample of 60 people. The data were analyzed by simple linear regression. Through field tests, it was concluded that understanding of spiritual competence on lecturer professionalism is 35%. It is necessary for educators to implement good personality and divine character, all of which are integrative parts of his vocation as servants. The quality of education received by students is increasing, as an impact of increasing the professionalism and spiritualism of educators.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kelayakan modifikasi Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik (LKPD) keragaman tanaman obat Desa Margomulyo Kabupaten Bengkulu Tengah. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan metode analitis literature review. Instrumen yang digunakan yaitu lembar wawancara, lembar validasi soal KPS dan LKPD Keragaman Tanaman Obat Desa Margomulyo Bengkulu Tengah. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan yaitu dengan studi literatur sebagai teknik pemeriksaan keabsahan data menggunakan data lain untuk membandingkan hasil. Hasil penelitian validasi soal KPS yang dimodifikasi menunjukkan bahwa soal tersebut dapat digunakan untuk menilai KPS peserta didik karena persentase dari perhitungan penilaian validator secara keseluruhan yaitu 94,61% yang masuk ke dalam kriteria sangat valid. LKPD ini dapat meningkatkan keterampilan proses sains jika nilai evaluasi peserta didik saat menggunakan LKPD ini mendapat nilai minimal 60.

The level of work-related fatigue experienced by workers can cause discomfort, annoyance and reduce satisfaction and decrease productivity. Nurse fatigue can have a negative impact in the process of handling patients seeking treatment at health services. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors associated with work fatigue on nurses at the Tarutung Regional General Hospital. This type of research is an analytic survey with a cross sectional design. The population of the study were 120 nurses at the Tarutung Regional General Hospital. The research sample was 92 nurses at the Tarutung Regional General Hospital, obtained using simple random sampling. Data collection techniques by means of observation and questionnaires. Based on the results of the Chi-Square test, it was found that there was a relationship between age and work fatigue with a p-value of 0.004, there was a relationship between work tenure and work fatigue with a p value = 0.001, there was a relationship between work shift and work fatigue p Value = 0,000, and the relationship between workload and work fatigue p Value = 0.000. The conclusion of the study is that there is a relationship between age, work period, work shift and workload associated with work fatigue on nurses at the Tarutung Regional General Hospital. It is advisable for workers to set a break time before doing night shift work which is more prone to work fatigue.

The progress of the times has brought various changes in various fields of human life, one of which is the use of regional languages. Taliabu Island is one of the areas within the province of North Maluku, which has its native language or Taliabu language. Currently the use of the Taliabu language has been forgotten by the people of the area, this is built by technological advances that continue to develop, making people forget the importance of culture which should be preserved as the identity of the area. This study aims to build a local language learning application for the island of Taliabu using android as a platform to make it easier for people there or to take the initiative to learn Taliabu. Selection of android as the operating system, because android is currently widely used, ranging from adults to even children, this will have a positive impact to help local governments who are trying to preserve regional culture, one of which is the Taliabu area. Applications will be built using the RAD (Rapid Application Development) method as a system development method, which consists of several stages of work, namely the analysis, design, coding and testing stages. The application of the dictionary for the local language of Taliabu Island based on Android can be translated into Indonesian - Taliabu and Indonesian - Maluku. The resulting output is the form of the translated text and the vocabulary that you want to know the meaning.

Children aged 7-11 years who are in elementary school have realistic characteristics, high levels of curiosity about various things that happen around them, the spirit of learning something that will increase day by day, and difficulty understanding something that is conveyed abstractly. The learning method used by educators in elementary schools is generally face-to-face. Problems arise when required to collaborate face-to-face and online methods, both because of student boredom and because of compelling circumstances. This study aims to prove the effectiveness of hybrid learning in Christian education learning, how to maximize potential and minimize negative impacts. This research is a quantitative research, with a survey approach. Data was collected through a questionnaire, to analyze the level of student understanding after learning with hybrid learning. The population in this study was students who were in elementary school in Sipoholon North Tapanuli sub-district, with a total sample of 100 people. Sampling is done randomly in the population. Furthermore, data tabulation is carried out, and from there it is processed with the help of SPSS. Validity and reliability tests were carried out for questionnaires, and the results were analyzed for simple linear regressionThe influence of the implementation of the hybrid learning method on student understanding is 41%.

Increasing the ability class of farmer groups is determined by PPL competency. The aim of the research is to find out the management's perception of PPL competence in improving the farmer group's ability class and to analyze whether there is a relationship between the farmer group management's perception of PPL's competence in improving the farmer group's ability class. The research method is a survey method. The research was conducted in Ambarawa District, Pringsewu Regency in February-March 2023. Respondents were administrators of 36 farmer groups (chairman, secretary and treasurer) totaling 108 farmers. Data were analyzed using quantitative descriptive and inferential analysis using the Spearman Rank Correlation Test. The research results show that administrators have the perception that PPL competence is very high in improving the class of farmer groups. PPL's competency as a facilitator, dynamist, motivator and educator is relatively high but not for innovators. There is a relationship between PPL competency and increasing the ability class of farmer groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

تعلم السنغاليون اللغة العربية وآدابها لحبهم لها ولفهم القرآن الكريم ومبادئ الإسلام وأحكامه وقضاياه، وقد تمكن منهم أشخاص من قرض الشعر العربي الجيد، ونظم قصائد ومقطوعات بجميع أغراض الشعر غير الخمريات والمجون والزندقة والخلاعة، ولعلم البيان مكانة مرموقة في أشعارهم لما يجدون منه ملجا خصبا للتعبير عن عواطفهم وأفكارهم وخيالهم، والشاعر محمد الأمين بن الشيخ إبراهيم نياس الكولخي شاعر يخدم اللغة العربية، عمدنا إلى دراسة علم البيان في شعره ليكون نموذجا للشعر العربي السنغالي ولبيان أهمية علم البلاغة ودوره في إبراز وإخراج الدرر النفيسة من أعماق أفكار الشعراء السنغاليين. ولمحمد الأمين ديوان وقصائد متفرقة في مختلف الموضوعات، ونظرا لصعوبة استيعاب دراسة علوم البلاغة في شعره لتشعب فروعها في هذه المقالة الضيقة نطاقها، اكتفينا بدراسة علم البيان فيها. استخدمنا في البحث المنهج التحليلي والمنهج التاريخي وتوصلت المقالة إلى أن الشاعر محمد الأمين تمكن من تطبيق علم البيان بأنواعه على وجه أحسن وبليغ. وتوصي الباحثين والدارسين على دراسة الشعر العربي السنغالي لاستفادة والإفادة. The Senegalese studied Arabic Language and its Literature because of their love for the language of the Holy Quran and in order to understand the principles, cultures and jurisprudence of Islam. In the course of that, some of them mastered the language to the extent of making use of it to compose beautiful poetry. They have composed poems on different themes, except the ones considered offensive to Islam and outlandish to its teachings, like describing alcohol, erotic poems for both female and male and infidelity poems. Al-bayan, which is the core of Arabic Rhetoric, was employed by Senegalese poets in their work in order to effectively convey their ideas, feelings and emotions to others. The aim of this study, therefore, is to examine their usage of al-Bayan rhetorical devices and evaluate the level of their compliance to its rules in Arabic rhetoric. However, due to the fact that this lofty aim cannot be achieved in a paper with a short scope like this, we chose the poetry of Muhammad al-Amin, the son of Shaykh Ibrahim Niyas, as a case study. To achieve this, the paper was divided in to four sections. The first one is a preamble, the second section gives biography of the poet, and the third section is the rhetorical analysis of his poem, while the fourth section is the conclusion in which the summary, the result and the recommendations were given. It was discovered that Muhammad al-Amin, to a large extent, successfully employed al-Bayan in his poetry and adequately represents the height the Senegalese have attained in composition of Arabic poetry in Senegal. We recommended, among other things, that scholars should intensify their study of Senegalese poetry in Arabic, which is hitherto receiving low patronage, in order to uncover its hidden treasure.

Abstrak Virus Corona atau severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) adalah virus yang bisa menyebabkan gangguan ringan pada sistem pernapasan, infeksi paru-paru yang berat, hingga kematian. Banyaknya kasus terkonfirmasi positif, memberikan perhatian khusus bagi kelompok-kelompok yang rentan terinfeksi seperti kelompok dengan imunodefisiensi, salah satunya kelompok orang dengan HIV. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai efektifitas pemberian edukasi COVID-19 secara daring dalam upaya meningkatkan pengetahuan, sikap dan perilaku pencegahan COVID-19 di Kelompok Dukungan Sebaya (KDS) Top Support Yayasan Pelita Ilmu (YPI) Jakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Intervensi dilakukan kepada pendamping dan peer educator. Data primer dikumpulkan melalui wawancara semi terstruktur dan pengisian kuesioner, data sekunder didapatkan dari literatur serta materi dan laporan dari Yayasan Pelita Ilmu. Teknik analisis data dilakukan dengan tiga kegiatan utama, yakni: reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Keabsahan data dilakukan dengan kredibilitas melalui pemeriksaan triangulasi sumber dan metode. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pemberian edukasi COVID-19 secara daring dengan melibatkan pendampingan dan pemberdayaan peer educator efektif menambah pengetahuan tentang protokol pencegahan COVID-19. Pemberian pendampingan edukasi secara online melalui pendekatan peer educator bermanfaat sebagai pesan berantai kepada diri sendiri, keluarga, komunitas dan teman sebayanya. Orang yang diedukasi menjadi lebih rajin menerapkan 3M dan pola hidup sehat, namun untuk mengetahui perubahan perilaku ini secara konsisten perlu dilakukan penelitian lebih lanjut.

Legal protection of children and women who are victims of sexual crimes is an issue that has a broad and serious impact on society. Sexual crimes can involve a variety of acts that harm the physical, emotional, and psychological victims of the victims, who are often children and women. The type of research method in this writing is qualitative with the type of document. Qualitative research is a type of research whose results are not based on statistical numbers or other calculations. This journal aims to examine issues related to legal protection of children and women who are victims of sexual crimes. Through this research, it is expected to provide a more in-depth view of how the law can play a role in protecting victims of sexual crimes. Sexual crimes are influenced by a variety of factors that include changes in social values, culture, and technological advancements. The impact of these changes affects the motives, intensity, and methods of committing sexual crimes in society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Study of Sauropus androgynus leaves fractions as a medicine for improving milk yield, the performanceof dam, and rat pups was conducted on five groups of lactating pregnant rats. Each group consists of 16rats, namely hexane fraction (FH), ethyl acetate (Fets), water (FH2O), ethanol crude extract (EEto); andcontrol group. The administration of fractions and crude extract were executed orally through feed aftereight days of mice gestation period. The average consumption dose was 57.5 mg/day, 40 mg/day, 209 mg/day, 297.5 mg/day, and 0 mg/day, respectively. The provision of treatment for 12 days gestation periodshowed no significant effect on the average daily feed intake. The FH administration did not demonstratedifferences of growth and body weight gain of dams in comparison to the control group. Whereas theadministration of FETs, FH2O, and EE to showed the growth inhibition significantly. The FH administrationshowed gradually increase of rat pups growth and body weight gain significantly in pups 7-10 days oldcompared to the control group. However, there were signs of growth inhibition on the other groups. The FHgroup revealed a positive response on the total milk yield for 10 days of lactation, compared to the othergroups. Hexane fraction has the potency as a remedy for improving milk yield without influencing the damand rat pups performance. This study also indicates side effect on growth inhibition, especially on theadministration of ethyl acetate and water fraction, and ethanol crude extract.

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Copyright of Sosiohumaniora is the property of Sosiohumaniora and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)