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The low production of true seed of shallot (TSS) is mostly caused by a low flowering rate. The research was aimed to increase the flowering rate and seed yield in lowland (240 masl) and highlands (1250 masl) by vernalization and submersion of the seed bulbs in GA3 before planting. The research was arranged in a completely randomized block design with 2 factors and replicated four times. The first factor was vernalization, i.e. without and with vernalization at 10±2°C for 30 days, and the second factor was the submersion of the seed bulbs following vernalization in GA3 at the concentrations of 0, 100, and 200 ppm for 1 h. Parameters measured were time of 50% flowering (days after planting), percentage of flowering plants, number of umbel per plant, number of floret per umbel, fruitset, seed weight per umbel and per plant, as well as the percentage of seed germination. The result suggested that when production of TSS of var. Bima is to be carried out in the lowland then the seed bulbs had to be vernalized at 10±2°C for 30 days which will increase the flowering percentage and seed yield. If the production of TSS is to be carried out in the highland then vernalization at 10±2°C for 30 days will increase the flowering percentage and seed yield. However, if for any reason vernalization is impossible to proceed then the submersion of the seed bulbs in 100 ppm GA3 for 1 h was sufficient to increase the flowering percentage and seed yield. The produced seeds (TSS) either in the low as well as in the highlands had high germination percentages.

ABSTRAK. Penelitian bertujuan melihat potensi iklim mikro dan respon fisiologis sapi Pesisir yang dipelihara di dataran rendah (Kota Padang (0-300 m dpl )) dan dataran tinggi (BPTU Padang Mengatas ( 600 m dpl)) Sumatera Barat. Materi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini 8 ekor sapi Pesisir, variabel yang diukur terdiri dari 2 aspek yaitu lingkungan abiotik dan aspek fisiologis sapi Pesisir. Aspek lingkungan abiotik berupa suhu lingkungan (Ta), kelembapan udara (RH) serta Temperature Humidity Index (THI). Variabel fisiologis sapi meliputi suhu rektal (Tr), suhu kulit (Ts), frekuensi pernapasan (RR) dan denyut jantung (HR). Tr dan TS digunakan menghitung suhu tubuh sapi (Tb). Tr dan RR digunakan menghitung Heat Tolerance Coefficient (HTC). Uji beda (t-test) digunakan untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya perbedaan kondisi iklim dan respon fisiologis sapi Pesisir di dataran rendah dan tinggi Sumatera Barat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan potensi iklim di dataran rendah adalah rerata suhu lingkungan 29,96°C, rerata kelembapan 64,22%, rerata THI 79,96 sedangkan potensi iklim di dataran tinggi adalah rerata suhu lingkungan 25,42°C, rerata kelembapan 69,48%, rerata THI 74,3. Rerata daya tahan panas sapi di dataran rendah 1,78 dan dataran tinggi 1,82. Kesimpulan penelitian menunjukkan potensi iklim dataran rendah untuk pemeliharaan sapi termasuk zona cekaman panas sedangkan dataran tinggi dalam cekaman ringan. Kondisi fisiologis sapi Pesisir di dataran rendah yang berbeda dengan sapi yang di dataran tinggi adalah suhu rektal, suhu kulit, suhu tubuh dan denyut jantung sedangkan frekuensi pernapasan didapatkan sama di kedua dataran. Daya tahan panas sapi Pesisir cukup baik ditemui di kedua dataran Sumatera Barat. (Microclimate and physiological responses of Pesisir cattle at lowland and highland of West Sumatra) ABSTRACT. This research aimed to investigate the potential of microclimate and physiological responses of Pesisir cattle that are maintained in lowland (Padang City (0-300 m asl)) and highland (Padang Mengatas BPTU ( 600 m asl)) in West Sumatra. The experimental animals were 8 pesisir cattle. The measured variables were abiotic environment and physiological responses of Pesisir cattle. Abiotic environmental measures were ambient temperature (Ta), humidity (RH) and Temperature Humidity Index (THI). Physiological variables were rectal temperature (Tr), skin temperature (Ts), respiratory rate (RR), and heart rate (HR). Tr and Ts were used to determine body temperature (Tb). Tr and RR are variables for calculating Heat Tolerance Coefficient (HTC). To determine whether there are differences in climatic conditions and physiological values in the two regions, the data were analyzed using a t-test. The results showed that climate potential in the lowlands was the average Ta 29.96° C, the average Rh 64.22% with an average THI 79.96 while the potential climate in the highlands was the average Ta 25.42°C, the average Rh 69, 48% with a mean THI of 74.3. The average HTC of cattle in the lowlands is 1.78 and the highlands is 1.82. The conclusion showed the climate potential of lowland for raising beef cattle includes heat stress zones, while the highlands there was mild stress. The physiological conditions of Pesisir cattle in the lowlands different from the highlands are Tr, Ts, Tb, and HR while RR is found the same in both plains. HTC of Pesisir cattle is good in both plains of West Sumatera.

Soil-Transmitted Helminths (STH) Infection is a worm infection which is transmitted through soil. STH is still a public health problems around the world, including Indonesia. The tropical climates of Indonesia is a suitable environment for viability of STH. The prevalence of STH in Bali since 2003-2007 reached 40.94%-92.4%. The altitude of an area may affect the rate of STH infection. The rate of STH infection is higher on population in highland area compared to lowland area. This study aimed to identify risk factors of STH infection in elementary school students in highland and lowland area in Gianyar Regency. This study used cross sectional analytic design and was conducted in 2016. The total samples of this study were 104 students which were consisted of 53 students in highland area and 51 students in lowland area. The samples were collected using cluster random sampling technique. The specimens were examined using Kato-katz method. The results showed that the prevalence of STH infection in elementary school students in highland area (28.31%) was higher than in lowland area (1.96%). In lowland area, the risk factor could not be clearly identified because there was only one student with a positive STH infection. Meanwhile, the identified dominants risk factors which influence STH infection in highland area were habit of washing hands using soap (AOR=24.99), fingernails cleanliness (AOR= 13.19) and parents income (AOR=18.83).

New autonomy status of Arfak Mountains Regency has numbers of strategic potencies for being developed. The one is agriculture sector. The objective of this research was to investigate featured potency and its distribution of agricultural products in Arfak Mountains Regency. A field research was done in the year 2015 between NovemberDecember. Sampled respondents using questionnaire were interviewed. The finding of this research was that agriculture sector contributed to gross domestic regional was 72.6%. The value of Location of Quotient for horticulture sector contributed by field paddy in Minyambouw District was 2.76 similar to crop production in Sururey, Anggi, Taige, Catubouw, Testega, Donohue, Anggigida, and Hingk Districts. Mays commodity is grown in Member and Minyambouw. Districts having a majority of Location Quotient more than that >1.00 were in Minyambouw, Hingk, and Anggigida with 5 commodities. The higher Location Quotient value was presented in horticulture plants, i.e. 5.87. The Potency of households and labor resources was in the district of Minyambouw and Hingk District In general, Pegaf Regency has agriculture potency of crops, i.e. field paddy, mays, and crops.