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This research is used a combination model by the proportion of urban land use functions, residential properties and the proportion of agricultural land use. It was also calculated based on the distance bands. The objective of this research is to improve the policy of fringe-settlements development in the rural-urban fringe area. This result are: (1) There has been a conversion of productive agricultural-land into residential-land. (2) New fringe-settlements should be established in inner fringe. Outer fringe area should be keep for agricultural-land. Thus, there is a balance in the rural-urban fringe area. (3) An appropriate strategy for rural-urban fringe area is: Tax Defferal and Abatement Laws is suitable to be applied in the inner fringe area because the majority of the population in no longer committed to preserve agricultural and activities. Utility Extension Policy and Police Power Mechanism are suitable to be applied in the outer fringe area because the availability of agricultural land is still a lot and the farmer committed to agricultural land and agricultural activities.

Knowledge of the market is a requirement for a successful provision of public transportation. This study aims to explore public perception of paratransit service, as represented by the user and non-user of paratransit. The analysis has been conducted based on the publicâs response, by creating several binomial logistic regression models using the public perception of the quality of service, quality of car, quality of driver, and fare. These models illustrate the characteristics and important variables to establish whether the public will use more paratransit in the future once improvements will have been made. Moreover, several models are developed to explore public perception in order to find out whether they agree to the replacement of paratransit with other types of transportation modes. All models are well fitting. These models are able to explain the respondentsâ characteristics and to reveal their actual perception of the operation of paratransit. This study provides a useful tool to know the market in greater depth.