Search

Cultural negotiation is essential because the process always involves conflict and differences. Malay-Chinese is one of the minority groups in South Kalimantan. This study aims to find out how Malay-Chinese culture negotiates differences in the legal culture of inheritance distribution between Chinese customary law, Malay custom, and Islamic law. This research is empirical legal research conducted under an interdisciplinary umbrella. This type of research is field research or research, empirical law. In this study, the author uses a legal sociology approach or practical juridical approach, which is an approach that looks at the legal reality in society, and a legal anthropological approach. The research findings show that Malay-Chinese negotiates differences in Islamic values and religion by choosing or combining the two cultural values. The negotiation process is carried out by applying cultural values as they are ethnic and adapt to the cultural values of Malay Islam. This cultural negotiation process then builds a hybrid Malay-Chinese identity. Resistance, their hybridity is used to survive and to fight the dominant Malay Islamic cultural values.

This study aimed to strip the journey of colonised and coloniser subjects in the short story Di Atas Kereta Angin (DAKA). The exploration used Homi K. Bhabha's postcolonial concept to see the characters' walking into hibridity space. By used a qualitative method, the results of this study show that there is mimicry in the way Dullah and bumiputra characters look and behave in front of Europeans. The mimicry was triggered by the justice and equality discourse and the changing times produced by Europeans. Although the mimicry as mockery in the eyes of one of the Europeans, Jan Buskes. The mimicry of Dullah and the bumiputra character makes them a hybrid subject, situated between Java and Europe. This hybrid condition creates a space of hybridity. The space of hybridity in DAKA is basically a negation created by the relationship between the coloniser and the colonised. On the one hand, Dullah and the bumiputra use it to achieve the justice and equality created by Kees and the other colonies. But on the other hand, it also became a space for the coloniser, Kees, to discipline Dullah's body. The existence of the narratives of justice and equality that were used to soften the hearts of Dullah and other natives, turned out to create a space of hybridity-ambivalence. With this ambivalence, DAKA is the one that negates the author's own view that Dutch figures have a humanist side. Furthermore, through DAKA, Bhabha's concept of mimicry as mockery does not apply universally, for example Kees condition, instead he deconstructs it. Finally, through DAKA, postcolonial studies can be used even though DAKA is set during the colonization era in the Indies. This means that postcolonial can speak beyond a specific time and space—when colonisation was still going on, before, or after. Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menelanjangi perjalanan subjek terjajah dan penjajah di dalam Cerpen Di Atas Kereta Angin (DAKA). Penelanjangan tersebut menggunakan konsep poskolonial Homi K. Bhabha untuk melihat perjalanan tokoh-tokoh di ruang hibriditas. Dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif, maka hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya mimikri cara berpenampilan dan bertingkah laku tokoh Dullah dan bumiputra di hadapan orang Eropa. Mimikri tersebut dipicu oleh wacana keadilan dan kesetaraan serta zaman sudah berubah yang diproduksi oleh orang Eropa. Meskipun mimikri tersebut juga menjadi mockery di hadapan mata salah satu orang Eropa, Jan Buskes. Mimikri tokoh Dullah dan bumiputra menjadikannya sebagai subjek yang hibrid, berada di antara Jawa dan Eropa. Kondisi yang hibrid inilah yang melahirkan ruang hibriditas. Ruang hibriditas dalam DAKA pada dasarnya adalah negasi yang diciptakan oleh hubungan antara penjajah dan terjajah. Di satu sisi, Dullah dan bumiputra menggunakannya untuk mencapai keadilan dan kesetaraan yang diciptakan oleh Kees dan koloni-koloni lainnya. Akan tetapi di sisi lain juga menjadi ruang penjajah, Kees, dalam mendisiplinkan tubuh Dullah. Keberadaan narasi keadilan dan kesetaraan yang digunakan untuk melunakkan hati Dullah dan bumiputra lainnnya, ternyata melahirkan ruang hibriditas-ambivalen. Dengan adanya ambivalen tersebut, maka DAKA—menjadi salah satu—yang menegasi padangan penulisnya sendiri yang menggap tokoh-tokoh Belanda memiliki sisi humanis. Selanjutnya, melalui DAKA, konsep mimicry as mockery Bhabha tidak berlaku secara universal, contohnya Kees tidak terganggu sama sekali, malahan dia mendekonstruksinya kembali. Terakhir, melalui DAKA, kajian pokolonial dapat digunakan meskipun DAKA memiliki latar waktu saat era kolonialisasi di Hindia berlangsung saat itu. Artinya, poskolonial dapat berbicara di luar ruang dan waktu tertentu—saat era kolonialisasi masih berlangsung, sebelum, atau sesudahnya.

This paper looks at the phenomenon of populist journalism using the Daily Mail in the UK as a case study. Borrowing the concept of mediatization from Couldry and Hepp (2017) and hybridity from Chadwick (2017), this paper elaborates populist journalism as an inseparable part of the rise of populism in various places. While the socio-political context is relatively new, the historical traces of populist journalism can be traced to the phenomenon of tabloid journalism that has emerged since the early 19th century. In other words, populist journalism is a new style of developing tabloid journalism as a consequence of structural changes in the media environment.

This study aims to reveal the postcolonial issues contained in poetry I, Too by Langston Hughes and Incident by Countee Cullen. Both authors of these poems are figures from black people in America. The method used in this study is the qualitative method and literature study approach with the aim of exploring, describing, and understanding how the hybridity and dominance of whites over blacks in American poetry. The data source of this study is the words and phrases in both poems. The data containing postcolonial: hybridity and mimicry in the poems were characterized and analyzed using Homi K. Bhabha's theory (2007). Bhabha in his thinking tries to provide a "middle space" between the colonizer and the colonized. Bhabha states the concept of a “middle space” as a time-lag. This space is an intercultural space where personal and communal self-defense strategies can be developed. All of these cultural expressions and systems are built in a space called the “third space of enunciation”. Interestingly, the issue of hybridity that occurred a century ago has not completely gone in a better direction. The proof is that at the beginning of the first semester of 2020 there was an incident of violence against blacks by whites which caused a massive demonstration that led to the creation of a movement group called Black Lives Matter. This study uncovers how bad the treatment of white people towards black people is that the position and social stratifications between them are different.

This research objective is to examine social stratification in the football sector in Indonesia during the colonial period. Social stratification is the beginning of the occurrence of discriminatory treatment differences. This research applies a qualitative research method with a literature study approach. The data sources in this research are obtained from journal articles, books, and mass media relevant to social stratification in the football sector during the colonial period. The selection of information sources used internal and external criticism to sort out the information collected through document study techniques. The data collected is then processed using interactive data analysis techniques to obtain answers to research problems. The research results show that social stratification took place individually and communally. Local football players are in the lowest position, as are football clubs and football federations formed by local communities. The system established by the colonial government placed European and Chinese football players into a higher layer than local players. This distinction triggered discriminatory treatment against local players to reduce the opportunity for football players and clubs to access the field and competitions organized by the federation formed by the Dutch colonial government. This condition, on the one hand, shows the process of imitating the local community towards sports brought by the colonizers. On the other hand, the imitation also contains resistance to discriminatory treatment as well as colonial practices. Changes in such discriminatory conditions are needed so that similar practices do not occur in other life aspects.

The paper considers the dualistic existence between the Self and the Other during the Great War. Algerian participation in the war was compulsory and many authors wrote about the event.: Albert Camus, a Frenchman who belonged to a pied-noir family, Mohamed Ben Chérif, an Arab from Djelfa, and Elissa Rhaïs, a Jewish writer from Blida. The First Man (1994), Camus’s book, deals with the French who were reluctant participants in war. Mohamed Ben Chérif also published his first book, Ahmed Ben Mostapha Goumier (1997) that represents those Algerians who sought friendship with the French. In Le Café Chantant (1920), Elissa Rhaïs gives another picture of an Algerian who participated in the Great War. This paper examines the meeting with the Other that left indelible marks on the protagonists’ identities.

Postcolonialism is a branch of the cultural studies that focuses on socio-cultural analysis, including signs and languages. Colonialism had clear implications in the actions of postcolonial society. Homi K. Bhabha found identification that in postcolonialism there emerged what he called as hybridity. Hybridity is a cross-culture (both intrinsic and extrinsic) that appears in society in many forms, one of which is language and attitude. This research will review Salman Rushdie's Midnight’s Children novel to reveal which aspects are hybridities. As a methodological tool, the authors use descriptive analysis (intrinsic-extrinsic). In this study, the authors found a large number of hybridity identifications in the novel Midnight’s Children. Especially in the aspects of identity (especially the formation of the subject), language, and inner struggle of characters in the novel. Abstrak Poskolonialisme merupakan cabang kajian studi budaya yang berfokus pada analisis sosiokultural, termasuk tanda-tanda dan bahasa. Kolonialisme memunculkan implikasi yang terbaca jelas dalam tindakan masyarakat poskolonial. Homi K. Bhabha menemukan identifikasi bahwa dalam poskolonialisme muncul apa yang disebutnya sebagai hibriditas. Hibriditas adalah silang budaya, baik intrinsik maupun ekstrinsik, yang muncul di masyarakat dalam banyak bentuk, seperti bahasa dan sikap. Dalam penelitian ini akan ditinjau novel Midnight’s Children karya Salman Rushdie untuk mengungkapkan aspek mana saja yang merupakan hibriditas. Sebagai alat metodologi, penulis menggunakan analisis deskriptif (intrinsik-ekstrinsik). Dalam penelitian ini penulis menemukan sejumlah identifikasi hibriditas dalam novel Midnight’s Children, terutama dalam aspek identitas (pembentukan subjek), bahasa, serta pergulatan batin tokoh. .

This study aims to uncover how Chinese Muslims in Surabaya developed their identity in Post-Reformation. During the New Order regime, they could not show their identity as a part of Indonesian diversity. Chinese identity has merged with the “native” people. Along with the downfall of the authoritarian political system and the development of multiculturalism and pluralism, Chinese Muslims in Surabaya could express their cultural identity. This study uses a qualitative method with an ethnographic approach. The results of the study reveal that the Chinese Muslims in Surabaya developed their cultural identity through Cheng Hoo Mosque, Chinese Muslim Organization, and Imlek Celebration. The cultural identity created a hybrid identity which is a combination of Chinese, Java, and Islamic cultures.

This research aims to analyze the process of constructing hybrid identity and symbol as the form of resistance to show off new identity as a transgender santri (student) at Al-Fatah Islamic Boarding School of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. This research was qualitative. The units of analysis and data sources used were santri, religious teachers (Ustaz), the staff of the Regional Office of the Ministry of Religious Affairs in Special Region of Yogyakarta, representatives of religious organizations, and the community around the Al-Fatah Islamic Boarding School of Yogyakarta. Data collection techniques, which were used in this research, consisted of observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The triangulation method was used to validate data and then analyzed using the hybrid identity theory of Keri Lyall Smith with an interactive analysis model. The results showed that transgender santri changing their identity through the hybridity process. Mimicry process occurs in 'the third space' of Al-Fatah Islamic Boarding School, as negotiation space where the fight occurs between culture and identity; thus new identity is created without abandoning their genuine identity. Hybridity occurs in the presence of cultural identity resulting from the relationship between Islam culture, in this case, Islamic Boarding School and transgender culture. The presence of the transgender santri is the symbol of resistance against the dominant culture of Islam with various performances or symbols, which are used daily to show off new identity.

Penelitian ini membahas naskah suntingan teks Sja’ir Kompeni Welanda Berperang dengan Tjina (selanjutnya disingkat SKWBdT) yang merupakan disertasi J. Rusconi di Rijksuniversiteit pada tahun 1935. Teks SKWBdT adalah teks yang memiliki kaitan erat dengan sejarah pemberontakan orang-orang Cina di Batavia pada tahun 1740 serta Perang Madura. Teks ini dilatarbelakangi oleh peristiwa pembantaian massal terhadap etnis Cina oleh penguasa kolonial Belanda. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan relasi antarbangsa sebagai akibat kontak antara kaum pribumi, Cina, dan bangsa Belanda. Dalam konteks ini, relasi antara dua budaya menimbulkan konsep ambivalensi dan hibriditas. Hibriditas memfokuskan diri pada interaksi antara bentuk- bentuk budaya berbeda yang pada satu saat akan menghasilkan pembentukan budaya dan identitas baru. Metode yang akan digunakan adalah metode analisis teks. Analisis teks diperlukan untuk menangani suntingan teks SKWBdT yang merupakan salah satu teks sastra klasik. Hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa hubungan antara bangsa pribumi, Cina, dan Belanda dalam teks SKWBdT diwarnai dengan adanya unsur ambivalensi dan hibriditas. (This research discuss the text of Sja’ir Kompeni Welanda Berperang dengan Tjina (herein after referred as SKWBdT) which is a J. Rusconi’s dissertation at Rijksuniversiteit in 1935. SKWBdT text is closely linked with the historical background that tells the story of the massacre of Chinese by Dutch colonial rulers. The purpose of this study is to describe the relations between nations as a result of contact between the natives, China, and the Dutch. In this context, the relationship between the two cultures lead the concept of ambivalence and hybridity. Hybridity focuses on the interaction between different cultural forms that one time will make the formation of a new culture and identity. Discourse analysis method will be used in this research. The results prove that the elements of ambivalence and hybridity affect the relation between natives, Chinese, and Dutch people in the text of SKWBdT.)

The novel Keroncong Cinta by Ahmad Faishal was an adolescent novel about social, politics and culture life of a family due to the interracial Europe-Java marriage at the end of colonial era. This research used postcolonial approach to reveal the forms of characters hybridity and interpret it in relation to the colonial era in Dutch East Indies context. This research discovered that the hybridity in Dutch East Indies caused by marriage, concubinage, education and the spirit to gain equality experienced by the Indo. The forms of characters hybridity showed through the identity ambivalence and ambiguity as the results of contradiction between indigenous and Europe cultures. These forms among others are identity ambiguity and awareness of the Indo as the third class, the blurring of colonialism contradictive lines and a lady’s Europe orientation. This research also proofed that adolescent literatures, as a part of popular literatures, are not only literatures filled with entertainment and simplicity. Abstrak Novel Keroncong Cinta karya Ahmad Faishal merupakan novel remaja yang menceritakan kehidupan sosial, politik, dan budaya sebuah keluarga karena perkawinan antarras Eropa-Jawa di akhir masa kolonial. Penelitian ini memanfaatkan pendekatan poskolonial untuk mengungkap bentuk-bentuk hibriditas tokoh dan diinterpretasi dalam kaitannya dengan konteks masa kolonial di Hindia Belanda. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa hibriditas di Hindia Belanda disebabkan oleh perkawinan, pergundikan, pendidikan, dan semangat memperoleh persamaan derajat yang dialami kalangan Indo. Bentuk-bentuk hibriditas tokoh ditunjukkan dengan adanya ambivalensi dan ambiguitas identitas sebagai akibat dari kontradiksi antara kultur Eropa dan pribumi. Bentukbentuk hibriditas tokoh antara lain ambiguitas identitas dan kesadaran orang Indo sebagai kelas ketiga;pengaburan garis-garis kontradiktif koloniaslisme; dan orientasi ke-Eropa-an seorang Nyai. Penelitian ini sekaligusmembuktikan bahwa sastra remaja, sebagai bagian sastra populer, bukan hanya sastra yang berisi hiburan dan kesederhanaan.