Search

Highlight Research • The sound of d spiny lobster (Panulirus homarus) was identified, named rasp; slow rattle; and popping sound • The sound characteristics of spiny lobster (Panulirus homarus) represent its behavior • Passive acoustic and visual record method combination was implemented to analyze the relation between sounds and behavior of spiny lobster (Panulirus homarus) Abstract Spiny lobster Panulirus homarus is one of many important economic fishery resources in Indonesia. Continuous exploitation activities in the natural habitat can potentially disturb the sustainability of lobster resources. This species is known to produce sound with certain characteristics and highly dependent on environmental changes. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of sound as a representation of behaviour. The sound produced by P. homarus was recorded for 24 hours using a hydrophone (a passive acoustic technique). The hydrophone converts the sound wave produced by the lobsters into electric voltage in millivolts, then were converted to a digital number, in order to be saved in a virtual format with the *.wav extension. The video system captured data on behaviors of resting, territoriality, aggression, and social attitudes. The results showed that P. homarus emitted rasp, slow rattle, and popping type of sound, with certain characteristics. All sounds types were characterized by a broadband frequency (4 - 20 kHz), and a source level ranging from 125 - 145 dB re 1 µPa. Rasp sound consisting of 12 - 40 pulses with a sound duration of 100 - 400 ms, represents a defensive behavior. Slow rattle sound with 2 - 7 pulses did not represent a specific behaviour and it is dominant during the night. However, the popping sound with only one pulse represented feeding behavior.

Anthropogenic activities have the potential to put pressure on the marine environment. Crude oil was one of the pressure that give rise to any response of the aquatic organism, such as sound. This study aimed to analyze the sound productivity of spiny lobster Panulirus homarus (Linnaeus, 1758) in waters contaminated with crude oil. Observation of lobster sound was carried out on a laboratory scale using the passive acoustic method. A hydrophone and Closed Circuit Television (CCTV) camera coupled with a decoder and personal computer used to record the movements and sounds of P. homarus during the treatment of crude oil at concentrations 1; 5; 10 and 100 mgL-1. The result showed that crude oil contamination in water was impacted the sound productivity of P. homarus. In the low concentration of crude oil (1 - 5 mgL-1), P. homarus was responded with more sound produced. Afterwar, until concentration off 10 mgL-1, the response of P homarus showed different between individuals. In the 100 mgL-1 concentration, the sound productivity of all P. homarus was decreased. Based on this study, we concluded that the sound of P. homarus has the potential as an indicator of water pollution. Keywords: Panulirus houmarus, crude oil, fish sound

Senjang is a Malay musical art found in the provinces of South Sumatra and Jambi. In South Sumatra, the existence of senjang is well maintained. This condition is achieved by combining senjang with modern musical instruments. Whereas in Jambi, senjang has been in decline since the 1990s. The artists have made various conservation efforts to no avail, and senjang in Jambi remains under threat of extinction to this day. Through a qualitative methods this study found that the decline of senjang in Jambi was caused by changes in people's livelihoods that changed the pattern of work organization in agriculture; changes in interest in music; and changes in social customs. The artists have made conservation efforts for the last twenty years, but to no avail due to obstacles arising from differences in interests with the local government. On the one hand, the artists want to add elements of dance, change musical instruments and songs to keep up with changes in people's musical interests, but the local government wants the use of musical instruments and traditional songs to be maintained in order to build regional cultural identity.

Oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) are plantation waste that has the potential to be used as activated carbon. The main component of OPEFB is lignocellulosic which can be a source of activated carbon and utilized for Pb2+ ion adsorption. The use of activated carbon activated by NaOH still requires optimization, especially in determining the contact time and optimum adsorption pH. This study aims to determine the effect of pH and contact time on the adsorption of Pb2+ and to determine the efficiency of the adsorbent on the adsorption of Pb2+. In this study, activated carbon from OPEFB was carbonized at 300oC for 1 hour, followed by activation using NaOH 0.5%. The results showed that the use of pH 5 and a contact time of 90 minutes had a relatively higher Pb2+ adsorption than other conditions. However, the use of variations in pH and contact time had no significant effect on the adsorption of Pb2+ ions. Adsorbents with variations in pH 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 were able to absorb Pb2+ of 99.73%, 99.86%, 99.74%, 99.79%, and 99.80%, respectively. Adsorbents with variations in contact time of 30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 minutes were able to absorb Pb2+ of 99.28%, 99.40%, 99.48%, 99.44%, and 99.48%, respectively.

Black sea cucumber is one type of sea cucumber whose protein content is quite high at 74-82%, not yet widely used by the community as a source of protein. One way to use it is to process the protein into a protein hydrolyzate using the bromelain enzyme which was isolated from pineapple stems. This study aims to determine the concentration of the bromelain enzyme extract and the optimum hydrolysis time to the value of the hydrolysis degree of the hydrolyzate of black sea cucumber protein. Protein hydrolysates are produced by variations of the crude bromelain concentration of 9%, 10%, 11%, and 12% (v/v) and hydrolysis time of 120, 180, 240, and 300 minutes. The results showed that the optimum degree of hydrolysis was obtained with the use of bromelain extract with a concentration of 12% with a value of 11.43% and a hydrolysis time of 240 minutes with a value of 19.17%.

Liquid smoke contains acid, carbonyl, and phenolic compounds, so it is very appropriate to be used as a preservative. Traditional smoking can be replaced with liquid smoke because it is safer and more practical. The study of the use of coconut shell liquid smoke has been used in skipjack fish to determine the effect of liquid smoke concentration and storage time on dissolved protein content and total bacteria in smoked fish. The quality of smoked fish was determined by two treatments, namely the variation in the concentration of liquid smoke (2, 3, 4, and 5%) and storage time (2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 days). The results showed that the best concentration of liquid smoke to produce smoked skipjack fish is 3% with a water content of 62.41% and dissolved protein content of 17.58%. The maximum storage time of smoked skipjack tuna is 6 days with a total plate count (TPC) value or total bacteria 1.8 x 105.

Research on the manufacture of methyl esters from avocado seeds (Parsea americana Mill) with eugenol-based catalysts has been conducted. The aim is to determine the catalyst concentration used to produce methyl esters with the highest rendement and determine the composition of fatty acid methyl ester in avocado seeds. This study was used variations in concentrations of 0.25%, 1%, 1.75%, 2.25%, and 3%. The results of this study showed that the best concentration is 2.25% with the calculation of the results of 24.8% methyl esters in avocado seeds, namely lignoceric and octadecenoic acid methyl ester. Keywords: Avocado seeds, fatty acid methyl esters

The purpose of this study is to look at the steps of implementing empathy learning models that can build multicultural schools with insight. The method of research this is literature review with techniques to collect the data from a variety of sources written in the form of books, journals, articles science or literature review. The results of the research it is in the form of design models and the stages of implementation of the model of learning empathy that do teachers and outside the classroom in the form of an attitude accept differences in background behind the social culture of a person. Measurement of learning outcomes of empathy learning models is measured by authentic assessment in the form of observing attitudes and the process of interacting in groups, case studies, performance and portfolio.

Antibacterial activity of Moringa oleifera Lam. stem bark has been tested against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The extraction of Moringa oleifera Lam. stem bark was used maceration method with methanol solvent and has obtained extract yield of 6.1%. The antibacterial activity test of Moringa oleifera stem bark extracts used a well diffusion method. The concentration of Moringa oleifera stem bark extract was varied to four concentrations of 1% 2% 3% 4% (w/v). The inhibition zone of methanol extract of Moringa oleifera stem bark against Staphylococcus aureus at extract concentrations of 1%, 2%, 3%, and 4% was 10.08 mm, 11.8 mm, 15.00 mm, and 17.02 mm, respectively. The methanol extract of Moringa oleifera stem bark at concentrations of 1%, 2%, 3%, and 4% could also inhibition of Escherichia coli growth with inhibition zone of 14.01 mm, 16.50 mm, 17.09 mm, and 17.10 mm, respectively. Keywords: Moringa Oleifera Lam., Antibacterial, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang ekstraksi pektin pada kulit buah kluwih (Artocarpus camansi Blanko) pada berbagai suhu dan konsentrasi asam sitrat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui konsentrasi dan suhu ekstraksi yang menghasilkan pektin dari kulit buah kluwih (Artocarpus camasni Blanko) dengan rendemen tinggi. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan empat variasi suhu (90 oC, 100 oC, 110 oC dan 120 oC) dan empat variasi konsentrasi (5%, 7%, 9%, dan 11%), dengan menggunakan metode ekstraksi meserasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan rendeman tertinggi didapatkan pada konsentrasi 9% sebesar 35,65% dan suhu 90 oC sebesar 40,69%. karakteristik terhadap pektin adalah kadar metoksil 8,12 %, kadar galakturonat 41,88 %. Kata Kunci : Ekstraksi pektin, kadar metoksil, kadar galakturonat

Ekstrak ampas jahe merah hasil penyulingan minyak jahe merah mengandung senyawa oleoresin yang mudah rusak. Untuk menahan kerusakannya dilakukan mikroenkapsulasi menggunakan maltodekstrin. Ekstraksi dilakukan menggunakan pelarut etanol 96% dengan lima rasio perbandingan, yaitu 1:6, 1:7, 1:8, 1:9 dan 1:10 (b/v). Mikroenkapsulasi dilakukan metode penyalutan dan teknik freeze drying. Perbandingan maltodekstrin dan ekstrak ampas jahe merah yaitu 1:6, 1:7, 1:8, 1:9 dan 1:10 (b/b). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rendemen ekstrak ampas jahe merah yang diperoleh tertinggi pada rasio 1:10 dengan kadar 31,82%. Efisiensi penyalutan ekstrak ampas jahe merah dengan maltodekstrin yang diperoleh tertinggi pada rasio 1:6 yaitu 55,04%. Kata kunci: Ekstrak ampas jahe merah, freeze drying, penyalutan, maltodekstrin

Research on the antioxidant potential of the secondary metabolite compound, ethyl acetate from ebony bark (Diospyros celebica Bakh.) has been conducted. This study aims to characterize and determine the antioxidant activity of secondary metabolites of ethyl acetate fraction from ebony bark. Ethyl acetate extract was fractionated using Liquid Vacum Chromatography (KVC) and Gravity Column Chromatography (KKG). The isolated compounds were characterized using UV-Vis and IR spectrophotometers. Data on maximum absorption of λmax 273 nm from UV-Vis analysis showed the presence of chromophore phenol. IR spectral data showed several specific peaks, among others, at wave number (ʋ) of 3425.58 cm-1 indicating the presence of –OH group, C-H aliphatic bond at ʋ of 2924.09 cm-1 and 2854.65 cm-1, and the peak at ʋ of 1604.77 -1465.90 cm-1 and 3078.39 cm-1 indicated the aromatic group, reinforcing the assumption that the isolates produced were phenolic compounds. IC50 value of 75.47 µg/mL from antioxidant activity testing showed that the isolates obtained were antioxidant compounds with strong antioxidant categories. Keywords: antioxidant, Diospyros, ebony, phenolic, isolation

Ethanol extract of roselle petals (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) is more stable in low pH than in high pH. The research aims to monitor and determine the effect of ratio content in ethanol extract of roselle petals (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) in tomato sauce and the pH effect on the percentage of ethanol extract degradation during storage. Two independent variables implemented in this study, are ratio content of ethanol extract of roselle petals (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) in tomato sauce and pH. Ethanol extract of roselle petals (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) in tomato sauce with ratio content 0,5:1; 1:1; and 1:0 (w/w) and adjusted to pH 2, pH 3, pH 4, pH 5 and pH 6, respectively were investigated. The absorbance measurement of Ethanol extract of roselle petals (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) in tomato sauce was depend on each treatment, then analyzed using completely randomized design. The percentage of ethanol extract of roselle petals (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) degradation in tomato sauce decreased in ratio content 1:0 (w/w) at pH 2 with percentage content of degradation is 30.09%. Furthermore, after 10 days of storage, the highest percentage of ethanol extract of roselle petals (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) in tomato sauce degradation is 93.33% with ratio content is 0.5:1 at pH 6 and the lowest is 30.09% with ratio content 1:0 at pH 2. Keywords: Roselle petals, Ethanol Extract, Tomato Sauce, Percentage of Degradation

Intensitas hujan tahunan di daerah aliran sungai (DAS) Bengawan Solo mengakibatkan debit aliran sungai besar di beberapa anak sungai. Debit aliran sungai yang besar mengakibatkan tinggi muka air di beberapa pos pemantauan meningkat. Tinggi muka air di setiap pos pemantauan diukur setiap hari dengan periode yang sama, pagi (06.00), siang (12.00), dan sore (18.00). oleh karena itu data tinggi muka air merupakan data runtun waktu. Salah satu metode peramalan data runtun waktu adalah single exponential smoothing dan Brown’s double exponential smoothing. Dalam penelitian ini akan dilakukan pemodelan data tinggi muka air sungai Bengawan Solo pada pos pemantauan Wonogiri Juni – Desember 2018.

High protein content in maggot is one of the advantages for increasing fish growth through artificial feed. This study aimed to find the best optimization and feed formulation for fish meal substitution with maggot meal on growth, feed utilization efficiency, and survival rate of milkfish (C. chanos). Milkfish (C. chanos) with an average weight of 0.62±0.01 gram/fish was used as test fish. Feeding is carried out at 07.00 a.m., 12.00 p.m., and 17:00 p.m. through fixed feeding rate method. The tested fish was kept for 42 days with a stocking density of 1 fish/l. The experimental design used was a completely randomized design with five treatments and three replications. The treatments which had been done were fish meal substitution with maggot meal as follows: A (0%), B (25%), C (50%), D (75%), and E (100%). The research parameters included total feed consumption (TFC), feed utilization efficiency (FUE), protein efficiency ratio (PER), relative growth rate (RGR), survival rate (SR), and water quality. The results showed that the fish meal substitution with maggot meal had a significant effect (p0.05) on TFC and SR. The best treatment of each treatment is in treatment C with a composition of 50% maggot meal substitution on fish meal which resulted in a TFC value of 40.17±4.58, FUE of 27.51±0.77, PER of 0.83±0.03%, and RGR of 2.34±0.10.

Penelitian modifikasi dan sintesis senyawa kimia untuk tujuan antibakteri terus berkembang, diantaranya adalah kajian hubungan antara struktur senyawa dengan aktivitas antibakteri. Penelitian ini dilakukan melalui kajian reaksi dua senyawa yaitu sitronelal dan L-tirosinaa yang ada hubungannya antara struktur senyawa dan aktivitas antibakteri terhadap Staphylococcus aureus. Reaksi tersebut menggunakan metode schiff base dengan cara merefluks campuran dengan katalis KOH pada suhu 600C selama 8 jam. Hasil reaksi dikarakterisasi dengan KLT dan Spekrofotometri IR. Senyawa hasil sintesis berbentuk padatan amorf berwarna kuning dengan berat 0,061 gram beserta titik leleh 265-269oC. Hasil pengujian antibakteri terhadap Staphylococcus aureus menggunakan metode dilusi pada konsentrasi 1200 µg/mL. Sifat antibakteri hasil reaksi mengindikasikan masih adanya hubungan struktur senyawa dengan aktivitas yang lemah. Kata kunci : Sitronelal, L-tirosina, Aktivitas antibakteri, Staphylococcus aureus.

Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSC) research by using cactus fruit extract (Opuntia elatior Mill.) has been done. The objectives of the research are to determine the highest efficiency of submersion time and Dye pH treatments of cactus fruit extract (Opuntia elatior Mill.). This research was used a Complete Random Design (CRD) method whereas the submersion time of the worked electrode on five extents of treatments are 6,12,18, 24, 30 hours and Dye pH on four extents of treatments are 1, 3, 5, and 7. The result showed that the optimum time at 12 hours with the Dye pH at 3 has resulted in the highest efficiency of 0.105. Keywords: Cactus fruit extract, Opuntia elatior Mill, efficiency, DSSC.

A research about a comparative study of spectrophotometry UV-Vis and HPLC method for the analysis of vitamin E in saponified red palm oil has been done. This research aims to compare the results of analysis using Spectrophotometer UV - Vis and HPLC to determine the concentration of vitamin E in red palm oil previously saponified and extracted. HPLC analysis was carried out using an RP-18 column and mobile phase composed a methanol and water ( 86:14 ), with a flow rate of 1 ml/min and UV detection at 290 nm. For the Spectrophotometric UV-Vis analysis, hexane was used as a solvent and the wavelength at 298,5 nm was selected for the detection. The results are the concentration of vitamin E using spectrophotometric and HPLC method was respectively 104.5 ppm and 127 ppm.Keyword: Vitamin E, Red Palm Oil, saponification, extraction, spectrophotometry Ultra Violet -Visible, High Performance Liquid Chromatography

The title of this research is “ the production of maltodextrin of sagoo flour using α-amylase”. The objective of this research is to find out the amount of sagoo flour, enzym and time reaction the produced maltodextrin with the highest dextrosa equivalent. To find the highest dextrosa equivalent, the treatment was vary the weight of sagoo flour, the amount of enzym and time. The variation of sagoo flour weight was 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14 gram. The variation of enzym is 0.1, 0.11, 0.12, 0.13, and 0.14 mL. The variation of time was 70, 80, 90, 120, 150, 180 and 210 minutes. The results of this research showed the best sagoo flour is 8 gr with de amount is 11,835, and the best omount of enzym is 0,14 mL with de amount 21.71, the best time reaction is 120 minutes with de amount is 17.625 Keywords: sagoo flour, enzym α-amylase, maltodextrin

AbstrakDismenorea primer lebih sering terjadi dibanding dismenorea sekunder dengan insiden tersering pada remaja dan usia 20-an. Penyebab tersering dismenorea primer adalah karena tingginya prostaglandin yang dapat disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor, salah satunya adalah akibat dari nikotin yang terkandung dalam paparan asap rokok lingkungan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan hubungan antara paparan asap rokok lingkungan dengan kejadian dismenorea primer pada mahasiswi pendidikan dokter Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Andalas. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan cross sectional. Sebanyak 95 mahasiswi yang dipilih dengan teknik propotional random sampling. Data dikumpulkan melalui pengisian kuesioner oleh responden yang kemudian dianalisis melalui uji chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa distribusi kejadian dismenorea primer pada mahasiswi pendidikan dokter Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Andalas adalah 71.6%. Mahasiswi yang terpapar asap rokok lingkungan adalah 32.6%. Hasil uji chi-square menunjukkan bahwa paparan asap rokok lingkungan (p=0.020) memiliki hubungan dengan kejadian dismenorea primer. Disimpulkan bahwa sebagian besar mahasiswi mengalami dismenore primer dan sepertiganya terpapar asap rokok lingkungan, serta terdapat hubungan bermakna antara paparan asap rokok lingkungan dengan kejadian dismenorea primer.Kata kunci: dismenorea primer, asap rokok lingkungan, mahasiswi AbstractPrimary dysmenorrhoea is more common than the incidence of the most common secondary dysmenorrhoea in adolescents and 20s. The most common cause of primary dysmenorrhoea is due to the high prostaglandin which can be caused by several factors, one of which is a result of the nicotine contained in cigarette smoke exposure environment. The objective of this study was to determine there relationship between environmental tobacco smoke exposure on the incidence of primary dysmenorrhoea Student Medical Education Faculty of Medicine, University of Andalas.This study used a cross sectional design. The 95 students were selected by Proportional random sampling technique. Data were collected through questionnaires, then analyzed by Chi-square test .The results showed that the distribution of the incidence of primary dysmenorrhoea in physician education student of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Andalas was 71.6% . While the student is exposed to environmental smoke is 32.6 %. The results of chi-square statistical test showed that environmental tobacco smoke exposure ( p = 0.020 ) had a relationship with the incidence of primary dysmenorrhoea .From the results, it can be concluded that the Student Pre-clinic Medical Education Program Faculty of Medicine, University of Andalas 2013-2014 school year are subjected to one-third of primary dysmenorrhea and environmental exposure to cigarette smoke, and there is a significant relationship between environmental tobacco smoke exposure with the incidence of primary dysmenorrhoea. Keywords: primary dysmenorrhoea, environmental tobacco smoke exposure, students

Copyright of POTENSIA: Jurnal Kependidikan Islam is the property of POTENSIA: Jurnal Kependidikan Islam and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)