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The present paper aims to investigate the phenomenon of Latin translations of vernacular works on the example of the Latinisations of Petrarch's Rerum vulgarium fragmenta, contained in the commentary on Petrarch's work by Marco Mantova Benavides, entitled Annotationi brevissime, sovra le rime di Messer Francesco Petrarca (1566). The Latin translations of Petrarchan texts included in the commentary are RVF 126, Chiare fresche e dolci acque, by Marcantonio Flaminio, RVF 128, Italia mia, and RVF 366, Vergine bella, by Pietro Amato and RVF 291, Quand'io veggio dal ciel, by Francesco Luigini. Marco Mantova Benavides, a humanist from Padua, jurist, lover and collector of antiquities and works of art, and professor at the Studio patavino, had friendly relations with Polish scholars, notably Jan Kochanowski and Andrzej Patrycy Nidecki. The exegetical activity of Mantova Benavides and the Latin translations of Petrarch's texts belong to the colourful cultural context that Polish students in Padua had to deal with. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on the graphic culture of the merchants living in the towns and villages of the northern coast of Portugal in the second half of the 16th century. It aims to analyze their different levels of graphic competence, and also of their wives, based on their signatures. These signatures appear in several Livros de Notas of the first notarial registry of Vila do Conde (now in the district of Porto). The main goal was to find out which merchants, and their wives, were capable of writing and at what level, which was their graphic model, where and in which social and economic context they lived. The analysis of these different aspects made it possible to know this group from the point of view of its cultural and intellectual power, in addition to the already studied social and economic power. Previous researches on cities such as Porto or Vila do Conde in the timeframe considered in this paper allows a better understanding of the different cultural and social dynamics concerning these men and women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to present the treatise De Literis Libri Duo (basil, 1586) written by the Danish scholar Jacob Madsen Aarhus, professor of latin, Greek and theology at Coopenhagen University. by recovering the Aristotelian theory concerning the formation of the voice, the author follows Aristotle also in describing the minimal elements of the human speech. indeed, his approach is based on the analysis of the articulatory features of linguistic sounds, not on the acoustic ones. this work is an important piece of the reconstruction of the paths that, between the 15th and 16th century, led to the assimilation (and then to the overcoming) of the Aristotelian theory concerning the human speech and to an in-depht examination both of the phonation and the linguistic sounds articulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on the analysis of Gospel quotes which inform Maximus the Greek's works. Taking into account the point of view of textual tradition, the aim of this preliminary study is both to verify the extent to which his quotes come from the traditional Slavic version of the sacred scriptures and to point out the exegetic relevance of any detected variant. Such a task requires a broad comparison with the Greek tradition and will be carried out referring to critical editions as well as to the corpus of textual nodes compiled by the Münster Institute for New Testament Textual Research (cfr. the series Text und Textwert der griechischen Handschriften des Neuen Testaments). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The lack of a systematic classification of the old manuscripts preserved in Spanish libraries has made it exceedingly difficult to come to definite conclusions about which tendencies were predominant in the elaboration of Lat-in codices throughout the centuries. Nevertheless, in the past few years several studies addressing this issue have been published. This paper hopes to contribute to that line of research by presenting a Codicological and Paleographical study of manuscript A 331/143 of the Library of the University of Seville containing a Ro-mance version of the Spanish Chronicle Historia de rebus Hispaniae, also known as Historia Gothica, written by the Archbishop of Toledo Rodrigo Jiménez de Rada (1170-1247), which, on the other hand, has been systematically overlooked by those who have concerned themselves with the study of the Textual Tradition of the said chronicle.

This paper analyses some aspects of the religious life of common secular women, neither religious nor wealthy ─a topic rarely addressed in historiography─, living in rural villages of the Calatrava lordship in Castile in the 15th and 16th centuries. Additionally, it studies the attitudes of the hierarchy of the Order of Calatrava towards certain practices in which they were involved. We have selected six points of attention regarding the feminine experience of the parish liturgy: women's very attendance at liturgical ceremonies, their participation in the configuration of the sacred space of the temples, women as objects of segregation and at the same time subjects of socialisation during religious celebrations, women's initiative in the funerary setting, certain signs of Eucharistic devotion and a peculiar form of charity for certain orphan girls exercised by a comendador mayor (major commander) of the Order of Calatrava. Throughout this study, aspects as varied as the feminine taste for dressing statues or the presence of women in the male Monastery of Calatrava emerge.

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During the Late Middle Ages, the city of Jerez de la Frontera (Spain) played a pivotal role in the region of Cadiz. The economical growth of the city, based on local natural resources and its proximity to the sea, made it possible for the city to be part of international commercial networks. In recent years many studies have been made of the role of foreign merchants –Genoese, Portuguese, Flemish, English or Breton– in local commerce. This paper presents an overview of the structure and function of the credit system, using as a case study the Memorial de bienes y deudas of the merchant Diego de Lepe (1517).

"Grammatica" of Emmanuel Alvarez SJ and its Editions in Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in the 16th Century The paper briefly characterizes the Jesuit education in the Polish-Lituanian Commonwealth in 16th century and the first Latin grammar book by Emmanuel Alvarez SJ used in colleges. The reader is presented with a brief description of the Grammatica of Alvarez and its editions in Poland till the end of the 16th century.

This article comprises four parts: 1) Codicological study of a book written on parchment, which contains a copy of the royal charters granted to the city of Murcia. I have examined the composition of the cuadernos, the layout of the text and the decoration; I have traced the history of the manuscript, and discovered the name of the scribe and the date: 1506. 2) Assessment of the documents in the book, all of which are letters from the Kings of Castile, ranging from Alfonso X to the Catholic Kings, Fernando and Isabel, and contain legal and economic charters granted to the city of Murcia. 3) Study of the second part of the book, which was written on paper at different times during the 16th and 17th centuries. 4) Appendix with the summaries (regestas) of the 143 manuscripts included in the book and which date from 1266 to 1621.

This paper reviews A London Provisioner’s Chronicle, a digital edition of the manuscript chronicle inscribed by London shopkeeper Henry Machyn from 1550 to 1563. Working from high resolution scans of the fire damaged original and consulting later citations by antiquarian John Strype, the editors were able to not only produce an edition which transcoded the existing artifact into a digital medium, but also to reconstruct large sections of the damaged sections to approximate its original state. However, while the edition provides a faithful – if somewhat minimal – reading copy of Machyn’s chronicle, the edition falls far short of the potential offered by digital publication.